RESUMO
With the purpose of knowing which metabolic disorders and clinical complications are more frequently developed by diabetic patients, and to analyze the relationship between the hyperglycemia state and appearance of these complications, we studied a group of patients from a Metabolic Diseases Clinic in Maracaibo, Venezuela. Fifty-four Type II diabetics patients were evaluated by means of: physical examination, anthropometric measurements, biochemical control of glycemia, insulin and lipid pattern, as well as evaluation of the complications presented. The sample consisted of 33 men and 21 women, 75% of which had glycemic values over 140 mg/dl. Basal insulin values were significantly high (29.9 +/- 8.3 uU/ml in men and 30.9 +/- 10.1 uU/ml in women) in relation to a control group (14.5 +/- 2.4 uU/ml), concluding that our diabetics presented basal hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. The lipid pattern of the subjects studied showed hypertriglyceridemia (70%) and hypercholesterolemia (67%). A positive association between glycemia and triglycerides values was found in the total group. HDL-cholesterol values were significantly lower in relation to the control group, obtaining a negative correlation between HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. The clinical complications observed in these diabetics were: non-specific visuals alterations, signs of arterial illness and sensorial disorders distributed in a similar percentage (63, 61 and 51%, respectively). When the independence test X2 was applied, we obtained association (p less than 0.05) between glycemia and the frequency of complications.
Assuntos
Glicemia/análise , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Angiopatias Diabéticas/epidemiologia , Angiopatias Diabéticas/etiologia , Neuropatias Diabéticas/epidemiologia , Neuropatias Diabéticas/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Insulina/sangue , Resistência à Insulina , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
In order to find if the metabolic disorders more frequently found in our obese population were similar to the ones reported in the literature for other countries, a study was conducted in a group of 34 obese subjects (10 men and 24 women) whose only apparent alteration was a body mass index above 30 (mean value: 36.8 +/- 4.6) to obtain the relation between anthropometric measurements (Quetelet index, skinfold measures and waist/hip ratio) and plasma levels of nine biochemical parameters (including lipids, lipoproteins and glucose and insulin levels after an oral glucose load). The results revealed a tendency to the android distribution of fat in the female population, a significantly elevated triglyceride and total lipids levels and a decreased in HDL-cholesterol in both sexes. Hypercholesterolemia was present mainly in the male population. The most frequent dyslipidemia was Type IV (23%) followed by type IIb (15%). Practically none of the subjects had abnormal glycemic values after the glucose load, however the insulin levels were highly elevated in 80% of the patients, resulting in a great insulin/glucose ratios. Correlation analysis showed no association of the BMI with any biochemical parameter; only the insulin area was positively associated with anthropometric measures (mainly waist/hip ratio) and with the most altered biochemical parameter, the triglycerides. Variance analysis showed that only low HDL-cholesterol values were significantly different in patients presenting high blood pressure and familiar history of diabetes.
Assuntos
Obesidade/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/sangue , Dobras CutâneasRESUMO
Fourteen individuals from two generations of a familiy with a high incidence of type II diabetes were studied. Six out of twelve siblings (50%) developed diabetes between 24 and 45 years of age. They were the product of a non diabetic father, whose family had a high incidence of diabetes, and a diabetic mother (age of onset = 52 years) whose family history was negative for diabetes. The duration of diabetes in the siblings at the time of the study ranged from 3 to 13 years. Only one required insulin for control of hyperglycemia while the others were treated with oral hypoglycemic agents and/or diet. Hypertriglyceridemia was present ind 5 of the 6 diabetics sibligs (83%) and in several other non-diabetic members of the family and was highly correlated with age (r= 0.86; p< 0.01), but not with the body mass index or diet. It is proposed that a common genetic trait might account for both metabolic dysfunctions