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Introducción: La actividad física (AF) involucra diversos aspectos de la vida diaria y es beneficiosa para la salud, sin embargo, posterior a un accidente cerebro vascular (ACV) la AF es más baja, provocando una calidad de vida disminuida. A su vez los sujetos que realizan menos AF duermen más horas de las recomendadas, siendo un factor de riesgo para ACV. Los efectos generados por estas variables se podrían potenciar bajo el actual contexto sanitario asociado al SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: Correlacionar la AF, horas de sueño y CVRS posteriores a un ACV. Metodología: Diseño descriptivo de corte transversal. Se midió la AF, sueño y CVRS utilizando por 7 días ActivPAL, diario casero y la escala ECVI-38 respectivamente. Resultados: La muestra conformada por 3 hombres y 3 mujeres dieron en promedio 4.519 pasos/día (DE ± 2710), realizaron 37,27 transiciones sedente- bípedo al día (DE 16,16), pasaron 7,63 horas sentado/día (DE ± 3,11), permanecieron 5,18 horas de pie/día (DE ± 3,21), estuvieron 1,17 horas caminando/día (DE ± 0,68), durmiendo 8,5 horas/ día (DE ± 1,30). Se encontró correlación negativa entre el número de pasos al día y ECVI-38. No se encontró correlación entre AF y horas sueño. Conclusión: Aumentar la AF, es fundamental para la CVRS como herramienta de prevención para el ACV y ECV. La evidencia y los hallazgos de este estudio invitan a generar consensos para clasificar la AF y considerar las horas de sueño, aspectos que están estrechamente relacionados con la salud posterior a un ACV.

Background: Physical activity (PA) involves various aspects of daily life and is beneficial for health, however, after a stroke PA is lower, causing a decreased health related quality of life (HRQOL). In turn, subjects who perform less PA sleep more hours than recommended, being a risk factor for stroke. The effects generated by these variables could be enhanced under the current health context associated with SARS-CoV-2. Objective: To correlate PA, hours of sleep and HRQOL after a stroke. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design. PA, sleep and HRQOL were measured using ActivPAL for 7 days, home diary and the ECVI-38 scale, respectively. Results: The sample made up of 3 men and 3 women walked 4,519 steps/day (SD ± 2710), made 37.27 seated-standing transitions per day (SD 16.16), spent 7.63 hours sitting/day (SD ± 3.11), stood 5.18 hours/day (SD ± 3.21), walked 1.17 hours/day (SD ± 0.68), slept 8.5 hours/day (SD ± 1.30). A negative correlation was found between the number of steps per day and ECVI-38. No correlation was found between PA and hours of sleep. Conclusion: Increasing PA is essential for HRQOL as a prevention tool for stroke and CVD. The evidence and findings of this study invite consensus to classify PA and consider the hours of sleep, aspects that are closely related to health after a stroke.

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Background: Cellular immune mechanisms of the resistance to infection by T cruzi as well as the pathogenesis of Chagas disease are still controversial. Aim: To quantify and analyse the peripheral blood immune cells from chagasic and non chagasic patients by flow cytometry. Patients and methods: Peripheral blood samples were taken from 21 individuals seropositive for Chagas disease, under no specific treatment. Control samples from 21 healthy blood donors were also obtained. To quantify immune cells populations by flow cytometry, antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16/56, CD45/14, CD19 and HLA-DR markers were used. Results: The percentage of CD8+ cells was low and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio was high in chagasic patients, compared to their non infected counterparts. No statistically significant differences in the number of CD4+, NK, B, CD4+HLADR+ and CD8+HLADR+ cells, were observed within the two groups. Conclusions: These results show that Chilean chronic chagasic patients have lower percentage of CD8+ cells and higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio than non infected individuals

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Fifteen elective patients (6 M, 9 F, 51+-8 years old) scheduled for laparotomy (n=8) or laparoscopy (n=7) were studied. Ventilatory parameters and pulse oximetry were measured pre and postoperatively. Patients were randomly assigned to receive oxygen by nasal cannula either during the first or the second postoperative night. PONH (Sat2 85) developed in seven patients (47 per cent)of which four had undergone laparoscopic surgery. PONH was more frequent in mildly obese patients and those presenting preoperative hypoxemia (p=0.03). Peak flow was lower in patients presenting PONH (p=0.04). In five patients, PONH was associated with significant tachycardia. Oxygen administration was associated with a higher SatO2 and prevented PONH in 6/7 patients. PONH is a common event in patients older than 40 years scheduled for open or laparascopic abdominal surgery, and develops more frequently in those with preoperative nocturnal hypoxemia and greater ventilatory impairment. PONH can be prevented, most of the time, with oxygen administration

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The participation of the flagella of a virulent strain (O52) of campylobacter jejuni subsp. jejuni in the adhesion to HEp-2 cells and their inhibition by means of homologous polyclonal antibodies, moniclonal antiflagella antibodies and colostral natural antibodies (IgA) was studied. An aflagellated strain (T1) was used as negative control. Adhesion was observed in higher rates with O52 strain (72 percent) than with T1 strain (27,5 percent). Polyclonal, monoclonal and colostral antibodies inhibited O52 strain adhesion in more than 70 percent (p<0,001). T1 strain adhesion was inhibited only by polyclonal and colostral natural antibodies. Our results suggest that the flagella of C. jejuni subsp. jejuni could participate effectively in the adhesion process. However, the inhibition of T1 strain by polyclonal and colostral antibodies suggest the existence of other kinds of adhesins in the bacterial surface

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It has been previously shown that rotavirus maturation and stability of the outer capsid are calcium-dependent processes. More recently, it has been hypothesized that penetration of the cell membrane is also affected by conformational changes of the capsid induced by Ca2+. In this study, we determined quantitatively the critical concentration of calcium ion that leads to solubilization of the outer capsid proteins VP4 and VP7. Since this critical concentration is below or close to trace levels of Ca2+, we have used buffered solutions based on ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and Ca-EGTA. This method allowed us to show a very high variability of the free [Ca2+] needed to stabilize, at room temperature, the outer capsid of several rotavirus strains. This concentration is about 600 nM for the two bovine strains tested (RF and UK), 100 nM for the porcine strain OSU, and only 10 to 20 nM for the simian strain SA11. Titration of viral infectivity after incubation in buffer of defined [Ca2+] confirmed that the loss of infectivity occurs at different [Ca2+] for these three strains. For the bovine strain, the cleavage of VP4 by trypsin has no significant effect on the [Ca2+] that solubilizes outer shell proteins. The outer layer (VP7) of virus-like particles (VLP) made of recombinant proteins VP2, VP6, and VP7 (VLP2/6/7) was also solubilized by lowering the [Ca2+]. The critical concentration of Ca2+ needed to solubilize VP7 from VLP2/6/7 made of protein from the bovine strain is close to the concentration needed for the corresponding virus. Genetic analysis of this phenotype in a set of reassortant viruses from two parental strains having the phenotypes of strains OSU (porcine) and UK (bovine) confirmed that this property of viral particles is probably associated with the gene coding for VP7. The analysis of VLP by reverse genetics might allow the identification of the region(s) essential for calcium binding.

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Eighteen patients subjected to abdominal surgery were studied. All received general anesthesia and hemodynamic parameters were maintained within 20 percent of basal values. A tononeter was placed in the stomach after induction of anesthesia. Arterial blood gases and samples from the tonometer were obtained 30 minutes after induction and at 2 hours of surgery. Intramucosal pH was calculated using Henderson-Haselbach equations. Basal gastric mucosal pH was 7.4ñ0.1 and did not change during surgery. Two patients had a pH persistently below 7.35 without hemodynamic alterations or systemic acidosis. Gastric mucosal pH is not modified by abdominal surgery and some patients have low values despite the absence of hemodynamic derangement

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Se realizó una anestesia peridural continua en 51 pacientes, que tenían entre 20 días y 13 años de edad, sometidos a cirugía abdominal u ortopédica. En un paciente no se pudo ubicar el espacio peridural y en otro no se pudo avanzar el catéter. En los restantes no se presentaron problemas derivados del procedimiento. La mantención se hizo con halogenados en concentraciones menorea a ! mAC y fentanyl 2-4 µg/kg como dosis total, con lo que se obtuvieron muy buenas condiciones de analgesia intraoperatoria. El catéter se usó para analgesia en el postoperatorio, administrándose 0,2 ml/kg de bupivacaína 0,2 por ciento o 30-70 µg/kg de morfina. En 29 casos no fue necesario otro tipo de analgesia. No hubo complicaciones atribuíbles a la analgesia peridural postoperatoria

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Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by Doppler method in an aleatory sample of 251 healthy children from south-east Santiago Chile (131 females and 120 males) which were divided by age in five groups: 0 to 28 days (n = 5) 1 to 5 months (n = 48), 6 to 11 months (n = 48), 12 to 17 months (n = 46) and 18 to 24 months (n = 45). Great dispersion of SBP values occurred among newborn infants (range 85 to 125) in comparison with groups 1 to 5 months (105 to 130), 6 to 11 months (118 to 130). Fifty and 95 percentiles were, respectively, 107 to 125; 116 to 130; 121 to 130; 118 to 130 and 120 to 130. These values were greater than those obtained by sphygmomanometry in a similar matched group of children.

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