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El proceso de envejecimiento está marcado por el sedentarismo y la escasa actividad física, lo que se asocia a la disminución rápida y continua de las capacidades funcionales, la dependencia y la fragilidad. El objetivo del trabajo se orienta a valorar, mediante el test de repeticiones máximas con pesos no extremos, el efecto de la aplicación de ejercicios con pesas para la atención de la sarcopenia. Se aplicaron métodos de los niveles teóricos y empíricos como el analítico, sintético, inductivo, deductivo, revisión documental, análisis documental, observación, encuesta y entrevista. Se aplicó, como instrumento de trabajo, una batería de ejercicios físicos de resistencia a la fuerza, y aeróbicos que permitieron utilizar el método de medición en siete adultos mayores con sarcopenia, atendidos en el Centro de Actividad Física y Salud de la Universidad de las Ciencias de la Cultura Física y Deportes ¨ Manuel Fajardo. Se evaluó el trabajo de fuerza muscular mediante el test mencionado, lo que permitió identificar el peso real de la carga física con la que deben entrenar y, sobre esa base, se elaboró la batería de ejercicios con pesas. En los resultados preliminares registrados, mediante la aplicación del test, se constató que la integración del trabajo con pesas y el aeróbico influyen de manera favorable en la ganancia de fuerza en el adulto mayor.

O processo de envelhecimento é marcado por um estilo de vida sedentário e pouca atividade física, o que está associado ao declínio rápido e contínuo das capacidades funcionais, à dependência e à fragilidade. O objetivo do trabalho visa avaliar, por meio do teste de repetições máximas com pesos não extremos, o efeito da aplicação de exercícios com carga no tratamento da sarcopenia. Foram aplicados métodos dos níveis teórico e empírico como analítico, sintético, indutivo, dedutivo, revisão documental, análise documental, observação, levantamento e entrevista. Como instrumento de trabalho foi aplicada uma bateria de exercícios físicos resistidos de força e aeróbios que permitiu a utilização do método de mensuração em sete idosos com sarcopenia atendidos no Centro de Atividade Física e Saúde da Universidade de Ciências da Cultura Física e. Desporto ¨ Manuel Fajardo. O trabalho de força muscular foi avaliado por meio do referido teste, que possibilitou identificar o real peso da carga física com a qual devem treinar e, com base nisso, foi desenvolvida a bateria de exercícios com pesos. Nos resultados preliminares registrados, por meio da aplicação do teste, foi confirmado que a integração do trabalho com pesos e do trabalho aeróbio influencia favoravelmente o ganho de força em idosos.

The aging process is marked by a sedentary lifestyle and little physical activity, which is associated with the rapid and continuous decline in functional capacities, dependency and fragility. The objective of the work is aimed at assessing, through the test of maximum repetitions with non-extreme weights, the effect of the application of exercises with weights for the care of sarcopenia. Methods from the theoretical and empirical levels such as synthetic analytical, inductive-deductive, documentary review, documentary analysis, observation, survey and interview were applied. As a working instrument, a set of strength endurance and aerobic physical exercises was applied that allowed the measurement method to be used in seven older adults with sarcopenia, treated at the Center for Physical Activity and Health of the University of Sciences. of Physical Culture and Sports ¨Manuel Fajardo¨. The muscular strength work was evaluated using the aforementioned test, which made it possible to identify the real weight of the physical load with which they must train and, on that basis, the set of exercises with weights was developed. In the preliminary results recorded, through the application of the test, it was confirmed that the integration of weight work and aerobic work favorably influences strength gain in the older adults.

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Introduction: To our knowledge, there are few examples of intrafamilial variability involving two different TP63-linked morphopathies within a same family. Here, we describe a Mexican family in which the son had ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip/palate syndrome 3 (EEC3), and his father acro-dermato-ungual-lacrimal-tooth (ADULT) syndrome, both heterozygous for the p.Arg266Gln pathogenic variant in TP63. Additionally, we reviewed the clinical information reported for this TP63 genotype. Case Presentation: The son of this family presented ectodermal defects (thin and sparse hair, mild nail dysplasia), tetramelic ectrodactyly, syndactyly, and nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO), indicative of an EEC3 diagnosis. His father, however, exhibited severe NLDO, facial freckling, dental abnormalities, mild nail dysplasia, and a history of micturition problems, compatible with ADULT syndrome. Both were heterozygous for the NM_003722.5(TP63):c.797G>A (p.Arg266Gln) pathogenic variant in TP63. Discussion: This report expands the spectrum of intrafamilial variability confirming that this can include the expression of distinct types of TP63-related disorders among different members of the same family, whose implications should be also considered in genetic counseling. From our review, we observed that p.Arg266Gln variant seems to correlate particularly with the presence of NLDO, sparse hair/eyebrows, ridged/dystrophic nails, anodontia/hypodontia, and micturition difficulties, as well as for a minor frequency of cleft lip/cleft palate.

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Medical ozone reestablishes cellular redox balance so that it may be a valid therapeutic approach in the prevention and management of age-related diseases with oxidative etiology in older people. The aim of this study is to evaluate oxidative stress and some vasoactive substances in elderly (60-70 years) rheumatoid arthritis patients with diabetes and hypertension, as well as another group with bronchial asthma patients in order to demonstrate the beneficial effects of medical ozone in the prevention and therapy of age-related diseases in these age groups. A randomized clinical study with 45 older patients (60-70 years) was performed. Group I (n = 15) with rheumatoid arthritis + diabetes and hypertension received no ozone treatment, and group II (n = 30) was treated with medical ozone. This group was divided into two subgroups (n = 15 each), group IIa: the same as group I + medical ozone and group IIb: bronchial asthma patients. Indicators of RA in I and IIa groups were evaluated. Redox balance was assessed through defense and injury biomarkers. Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostacyclin levels were assessed in group IIb patients. Medical ozone arrested oxidative injury progression in the Ia group and decreased thromboxane levels and the TXA2/6-keto PGF1α ratio in the IIb group. Medical ozone arrested the progression of oxidative damage and modulated those endogenous mechanisms that promote a suitable redox status and TXA2/PGI2 balance. These results suggest that medical ozone may become a standard approach in the prevention and management of age-related oxidative diseases in elderly people.

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INTRODUCTION: Epigenetic and genomic imprinting alterations of the 11p15.5 region cause excessive or deficient growth, which result in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) or Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS), respectively. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) methylation analysis technique in the diagnosis of BWS and SRS. METHODS: 11p15.5 methylation and variants were evaluated in patients with clinical diagnosis of BWS and SRS using the MS-MLPA technique in peripheral blood DNA. RESULTS: Paternal uniparental disomy and loss of maternal IC2 methylation were identified in two patients with BWS who had omphalocele and macroglossia, respectively. Paternal IC1hypomethylation was recorded in two patients with SRS of classic phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: Adequate genotype-phenotype correlation was observed with the methylation defects that were identified, which confirms the usefulness of MLPA as a first-line study in patients diagnosed with BWS and SRS.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las alteraciones epigenéticas y genómicas de la región improntada 11p15.5 producen crecimiento excesivo o deficiente, que se manifiesta como síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann o síndrome de Silver-Russell, respectivamente. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la técnica de análisis de metilación MLPA (MS-MLPA, methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification) en el diagnóstico de los síndromes de Beckwith-Wiedemann y de Silver-Russell. MÉTODOS: Se evaluó la metilación y las variantes de 11p15.5 en pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann y síndrome de Silver-Russell mediante la técnica MS-MLPA en ADN de sangre periférica. RESULTADOS: Se identificó disomía uniparental paterna y pérdida de metilación del IC2 materno en dos pacientes con síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann, quienes presentaron onfalocele y macroglosia, respectivamente. Se registró hipometilación paterna del IC1 en dos pacientes con síndrome de Silver-Russell de fenotipo clásico. CONCLUSIONES: Se observó adecuada correlación genotipo-fenotipo con los defectos de metilación encontrados, lo que confirma la utilidad del MLPA como estudio de primera línea en pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann y síndrome de Silver-Russell.

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RESUMEN Fundamento: La calidad de la atención estomatológica se ha convertido actualmente en una necesidad. En Cuba, el Programa Nacional de Atención Estomatológica Integral a la Población tiene como propósito incrementar y perfeccionar la atención estomatológica. Objetivo: Evaluar la calidad del Servicio de Estomatología General Integral del policlínico Camilo Cienfuegos de Sancti Spíritus. Metodología: Se realizó una investigación observacional descriptiva de corte transversal en el Policlínico Camilo Cienfuegos de Sancti Spíritus en el período comprendido de septiembre de 2019 a enero de 2020. Se seleccionaron 19 estomatólogos de la unidad y 368 pacientes pertenecientes a los consultorios 8 y 9 del área de salud que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se utilizó la calidad como variable, la cual se operacionalizó en las dimensiones: estructura, proceso y resultados y sus criterios de medida. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos y técnicas de recolección y análisis de datos. Se realizaron encuestas de satisfacción a pacientes y profesionales. Resultados: Las dimensiones estructura y proceso, con 20 y 10 puntos respectivamente, fueron evaluadas de regular, la dimensión resultado de bien por un valor alcanzado de 8 puntos. Conclusión: La calidad del Servicio de Estomatología General Integral del policlínico Camilo Cienfuegos de Sancti Spíritus fue evaluada de regular.

ABSTRACT Background: Dental care quality has become a necessity. In Cuba, the National Program for the People´s Comprehensive Stomatology Care aims to increase and improve dental care. Objective: To assess the Comprehensive General Stomatology quality service at Camilo Cienfuegos polyclinic in Sancti Spíritus. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive observational research was conducted at Camilo Cienfuegos Polyclinic in Sancti Spíritus from September 2019 to January 2020. 19 stomatologists from the unit and 368 patients belonging to clinics 8 and 9 of the area were selected who met the inclusion criteria. Quality was used as a variable, and operationalized in the dimensions: structure, process and results and their measurement criteria. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods and data collection also analysis techniques were used. Satisfaction surveys were conducted on patients and professionals. Results: Structure and process dimensions, with 20 and 10 points respectively, were evaluated as regular, the result dimension as good for an 8-point value. Conclusion: Comprehensive General Stomatology quality service at Camilo Cienfuegos polyclinic in Sancti Spíritus was evaluated as regular.

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Resumen Introducción: Las alteraciones epigenéticas y genómicas de la región improntada 11p15.5 producen crecimiento excesivo o deficiente, que se manifiesta como síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann o síndrome de Silver-Russell, respectivamente. Objetivo: Evaluar la técnica de análisis de metilación MLPA (MS-MLPA, methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification) en el diagnóstico de los síndromes de Beckwith-Wiedemann y de Silver-Russell. Métodos: Se evaluó la metilación y las variantes de 11p15.5 en pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann y síndrome de Silver-Russell mediante la técnica MS-MLPA en ADN de sangre periférica. Resultados: Se identificó disomía uniparental paterna y pérdida de metilación del IC2 materno en dos pacientes con síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann, quienes presentaron onfalocele y macroglosia, respectivamente. Se registró hipometilación paterna del IC1 en dos pacientes con síndrome de Silver-Russell de fenotipo clásico. Conclusiones: Se observó adecuada correlación genotipo-fenotipo con los defectos de metilación encontrados, lo que confirma la utilidad del MLPA como estudio de primera línea en pacientes con diagnóstico de síndrome de Beckwith-Wiedemann y síndrome de Silver-Russell.

Abstract Introduction: Epigenetic and genomic imprinting alterations of the 11p15.5 region cause excessive or deficient growth, which result in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) or Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS), respectively. Objective: To evaluate the methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) methylation analysis technique in the diagnosis of BWS and SRS. Methods: 11p15.5 methylation and variants were evaluated in patients with clinical diagnosis of BWS and SRS using the MS-MLPA technique in peripheral blood DNA. Results: Paternal uniparental disomy and loss of maternal IC2 methylation were identified in two patients with BWS who had omphalocele and macroglossia, respectively. Paternal IC1hypomethylation was recorded in two patients with SRS of classic phenotype. Conclusions: Adequate genotype-phenotype correlation was observed with the methylation defects that were identified, which confirms the usefulness of MLPA as a first-line study in patients diagnosed with BWS and SRS.

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Resumen Introducción: El tratamiento integral para pacientes con enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales incluye entrenamiento físico, dados los efectos fisiológicos que se generan. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar el impacto del ejercicio aeróbico en el tratamiento para los pacientes con enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales. Métodos: Se realizaron búsquedas de ensayos clínicos (enero 2015- junio 2020) en bases de datos indexadas tales como: Ebsco, Scopus, Medline, Medscape, PubMed Central, EMBASE, Redalyc, DOAJ y OVID. Se utilizó la estrategia PICO, Cochrane y escala de PEDro en cada estudio seleccionado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 11 ensayos clínicos para esta revisión y la calidad de los estudios fue media-alta. Todos los estudios incluyeron el componente de entrenamiento con ejercicio aeróbico combinado con otras estrategias como el desarrollo de fuerza, resistencia y flexibilidad. Se demostraron cambios significativos en más del 50% de los estudios para el componente de la capacidad aeróbica, consumo máximo de oxígeno, función cardiovascular y calidad de vida. Sin embargo, otros estudios, no demostraron diferencias significativas en pruebas de función pulmonar, cambios en variables ventilatorias, de intercambio gaseoso o cardiovasculares tal como señalan algunos autores en los estudios realizados. Conclusiones: El ejercicio aeróbico demostró ser un componente que mejoró resultados en la capacidad aeróbica, evidenciados en la distancia y metros recorridos post caminata de 6 minutos, así como en la calidad de vida, consumo máximo de oxígeno, fuerza y resistencia, mas no en variables ventilatorias e intercambio gaseoso.

Abstract Introduction: Comprehensive treatment for patients with interstitial lung diseases includes physical training, given the physiological effects that are generated. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aerobic exercise in the treatment for patients with interstitial lung diseases. Methods: Clinical trials (January 2015- June 2020) were searched in indexed databases such as Ebsco, Scopus, Medline, Medscape, PubMed Central, EMBASE, Redalyc, DOAJ and OVID. PICO, Cochrane and PEDro scale were used in each selected study. Results: Eleven clinical trials were included for this review and the quality of the studies was medium to high. All studies included the training component of aerobic exercise combined with other strategies such as strength development, endurance, flexibility. Significant changes were demonstrated in over 50% of the studies for the aerobic capacity component, maximum oxygen consumption, cardiovascular function and quality of life. Other studies, however, did not demonstrate significant differences in lung function tests, changes in ventilatory, gas exchange or cardiovascular variables as indicated by some authors in the studies conducted. Conclusions: Aerobic exercise proved to be a component that improved results in aerobic capacity evidenced in distance and meters traveled after a 6-minute walk, as well as in quality of life, maximum oxygen consumption, strength and resistance, but not in ventilatory variables and exchange gaseous.

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Introducción: El embarazo en la adolescencia es el ocurrido en el lapso de vida entre los 10 y 19 años de edad; se presenta antes de que la madre haya alcanzado la suficiente madurez emocional para asumir la compleja tarea de la maternidad. A nivel mundial, se reconoce un aumento de la actividad sexual de los adolescentes, es un problema social que afecta, en mayor o menor proporción, a todas las regiones del mundo. Objetivo: Definir el alcance y la naturaleza de la literatura científica existente sobre el embarazo en la adolescencia, prevención y sus complicaciones. Métodos: Revisión bibliográfica sistemática para hacer un análisis crítico reflexivo de documentos, donde se incluyeron libros, tesis de doctorado, de maestría, artículos originales y de revisión. La estrategia de búsqueda utilizada en cada base de datos, SciELO y Google académico se reunió mediante la aceptación de los descriptores Adolescencia, Embarazo, Prevención y Complicaciones, con los operadores booleanos AND y OR. Conclusiones: Para la prevención del embarazo en la adolescencia, se necesita de una mayor divulgación de sus consecuencias y formas de evitarlo que podría lograrse con la puesta en práctica de estrategias educativas de forma didácticas y agradables, que puedan constituir interés para los adolescentes(AU)

Introduction: Pregnancy in adolescence is that one occurring in the period of life from the age of ten to nineteen years old. It occurs before the mother has reached enough emotional maturity to take on the complex task of motherhood. Worldwide, an increase in adolescent sexual activity is recognized; it is a social concern that affects, to a greater or lesser extent, all regions of the world. Objective: To define the scope and nature of the existing scientific literature on adolescent pregnancy, as well as its prevention and complications. Methods: Systematic bibliographic review carried out in view of a reflective-critical analysis of documents, which included books, doctoral and master's theses, as well as original and review articles. The search strategy used in each database, SciELO and Google Scholar, was designed by accepting the descriptors Adolescencia [Adolescence], Embarazo [Pregnancy], Prevención [Prevention] and Complicaciones [Complications], with the Boolean operators AND and OR. Conclusions: For the prevention of pregnancy in adolescence, greater spread of its consequences and ways for avoiding it is needed, which could be achieved with the implementation of educational strategies in a didactic and pleasant way, in order for it to become of interest to adolescents(AU)

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BACKGROUND: Prader Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are neurodevelopmental disorders caused by deletions or methylation defects, making a loss of expression of imprinted genes located in the 15q11-q13 region, and these can be assessed by different cytogenomic and molecular techniques. We report a case series of patients with PWS and AS evaluated through the MS-MLPA assay. CLINICAL CASES: We studied four patients with a clinical diagnosis of PWS and another with AS, evaluated as far as possible with karyotype and FISH, and with MS-MLPA assay for the 15q11-q13 region in all cases. In patients with PWS, neonatal hypotonia was the main reason for consultation and in three of them we identified a deletion of 15q11-q13 by MS-MLPA, also confirmed by FISH; and in the other one, an abnormal methylation pattern consistent with a maternal uniparental disomy. The patient with AS presented with a typical picture which led to the identification of a deletion in 15q11-q13 by MS-MLPA, also confirmed by FISH. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the MS-MLPA assay for the 15q11-q13 region was very useful for the diagnosis and identification of the genomic and epigenetic defects involved in either PWS and AS.

INTRODUCCIÓN: el síndrome Prader-Willi (SPW) y el síndrome de Angelman (SA) son trastornos del neurodesarrollo producidos por deleciones o defectos de metilación que producen pérdida de expresión en los genes improntados de la región 15q11 q13, mismos que pueden ser evaluados por diferentes técnicas citogenómicas y moleculares. Presentamos una serie de pacientes con SPW y SA en los que se identificó el tipo de defecto de la región 15q11-q13 mediante la técnica de MS-MLPA. CASOS CLÍNICOS: estudiamos cuatro pacientes con diagnóstico clínico de SPW y uno con SA, evaluados en lo posible con cariotipo, FISH y todos con ensayo MS-MLPA para la región 15q11-q13. En los pacientes con SPW, la hipotonía neonatal fue el motivo principal de consulta. En tres de ellos se identificó deleción de 15q11-q13 por MS-MLPA, confirmada por FISH, y en uno el patrón de metilación anormal fue compatible con una disomía uniparental materna. El paciente con SA presentó un cuadró típico y también se identificó una deleción en 15q11-q13 por MS-MLPA, confirmada por FISH. CONCLUSIONES: confirmamos que el uso de la técnica de MS-MLPA para la región 15q11 q13 mostró ser de gran utilidad para identificar los mecanismos genómicos y epigenéticos implicados en el SPW y el SA.

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OBJECTIVES: Chronological age confers an increased risk for cardiovascular disease; however, chronological age does not reflect the subject's current health status. Therefore, we assessed whether Metabolic age (Met-age), based on free fat mass, is a predictor of cardiovascular risk (CVR). METHODS: Subjects attending either IMSS UMF-2 or CUSC-1 were asked to participate. CVR was assessed using the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), whereas Met-age was determined using the TANITA bio-analyser (model: BC-545F Fitscan). The strengthen of association was determined by calculating Pearson's r and predictability was determined by the area-under-a-receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS: 284 subjects participated in this study, of which 61.6% had increased CVR. As expected, the chronological age was significantly higher in the CVR(+) group than the CVR(-) group (47.3±14.4 v. 35.2±12.7, respectively, p<.001) as well as Met-age (59.3±15.5 v. 34.3±14.3, respectively, p<.001). There was a strong association between WHtR and Met-age (r=.720, p<.001) and a moderate association for chronological age (r=.407 p<.001); however, the correlation between WHtR and Met-age was significantly better than chronological age (Z=-5.91, p<.01). Met-age was a good predictor of CVR (AUC=.88, 95%CI: .83-.92, p<.001), whereas chronological age was a fair predictor (AUC=.72, 95%CI: .66-.78, p<.001). However, Met-age showed a higher discriminatory capacity for CVR than chronological age (z=-4.597, p<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Here, we determined that Met-age correlated with a CVR index, WHtR, and was able to predict subjects with increased CVR better than chronological age.

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Introducción: El ozono médico tiene eficacia clínica e incrementa la relación beneficio/riesgo en pacientes con artritis reumatoide tratados con la terapia combinada metotrexate + ozono. Hoy, la gamma glutamil transferasa se considera como un marcador de riesgo de enfermedades de una alta morbilidad y mortalidad, y tiene particular valor en la artritis reumatoide por desempeñar un papel patológico asociado al estrés oxidativo y a la remodelación ósea, lo que causa daño al cartílago y al hueso. Objetivo: Evaluar los efectos del ozono médico sobre los niveles de gamma glutamil transferasa. Métodos: Se estudiaron pacientes portadores de dos enfermedades artríticas: artritis reumatoide (n = 100; grupo tratado con metotrexate [n = 50] y grupo con metotrexate + ozono [n = 50]) y osteoartritis de rodilla (n = 40; grupo precondicionado con ozono antes de la artroscopía [n = 20] y grupo sin pretratamiento con ozono antes de la artroscopía [n = 20]). Los pacientes con artritis reumatoide fueron valorados con indicadores clínicos específicos, incluidos los niveles de anticuerpos contra péptidos cíclicos citrulinados, así como las concentraciones de glutatión reducido, importante antioxidante endógeno. Resultados: El ozono médico reguló la actividad sérica de gamma glutamil transferasa. Correlacionó de forma inversamente proporcional con los niveles de glutatión reducido que, a su vez, fue el único marcador redox que para los pacientes tratados con la terapia combinada metotrexate + ozono fue directamente proporcional con todas las variables clínicas evaluadas. Conclusión: Se debe considerar a la gamma glutamil transferasa un indicador de la eficacia clínica del ozono médico en las enfermedades estudiadas, por su doble función: biomarcador de estrés oxidativo e indicador de la remodelación patológica del hueso(AU)

Introduction: Medical ozone has demonstrated its clinical efficacy as well as the increase of beneficial/risk relationship in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with metotrexate+ozone combined therapy. At present, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase is considered as risk indicator of high morbimortality diseases. It has a special value in arthritis diseases due to its pathologic role associated to oxidative stress and in the abnormal bone remodeling processes. Objective: Assess the ozone medical effects on gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels. Method: Patients who suffered of two arthritic diseases: rheumatoid arthritis (n=100; Group treated with Metotrexate (n=50) and metotrexate+ozone (n=50) and knee osteoarthritis (n=40); Group preconditioned with ozone before arthroscopy (n=20) and Group without previous treatment with ozone before arthroscopy (n=20). Rheumatoid arthritis patients were assessed through specific clinic indicators which included antibodies against cyclic citrullinate peptides as well as reduced gluthatione concentrations which are an important endogenous antioxidant. Results: Medical ozone regulated serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity which correlated in inverse proportion to reduced glutathione levels which was the only one redox marker that correlated with all clinical variables (p < 0.05) when patients were treated with metotrexate+ozone. Conclusion: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase should be considered as biomarker of medical ozone clinical efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis and knee osteoarthritis due to GGT´s both pathologic functions: indicator of oxidative stress and abnormal bone remodeling processes(AU)

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We report a female patient with craniofrontonasal syndrome (CFNS) who in addition showed other cranial and extracranial midline defects including partial corpus callosum agenesis, ocular melanocytosis, pigmentary glaucoma, duplex collecting system, uterus didelphys, and septate vagina. She was found to have a novel pathogenic variant in exon 5 of EFNB1, c.646G>T (p.Glu216*) predicted to cause premature protein truncation. From our review, we found at least 39 published CFNS patients with extracranial midline defects, comprising congenital diaphragmatic hernia, congenital heart defects, umbilical hernia, hypospadias, and less frequently, sacrococcygeal teratomas, and internal genital anomalies in females. These findings support that the EFNB1 mutations have systemic consequences disrupting morphogenetic events at the extracranial midline. Though these are not rigorously included as midline defects, we found at least 10 CFNS patients with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract, all females. Additionally, uterus didelphys and ocular melanocytosis observed in our patient are proposed also as a previously unreported EFNB1-related midline defects. In addition, this case may be useful for considering the intentional search for genitourinary anomalies in future patients with CFNS, which will be helpful to define their frequency in this entity.

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We examined semantic processing in ASD children by presenting sentences with congruent or incongruent final words and visual narratives with congruent or incongruent final panels. An N400 effect to incongruent words appeared as compared to congruent ones, which was attenuated for the ASD children. We observed a negativity sustained to incongruous than congruous words, but only for the TD children. Incongruent panels evoked a greater fronto-central N400 amplitude than congruent panels in both groups. In addition, incongruent panels evoked a centro-parietal late positivity, only in controls. In conclusion, ASD children face processing deficits in both verbal and visual materials when integrating meaning across information, though such impairments may arise in different parts of the interpretive process, depending on the modality.

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Synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used to treat inflammatory conditions. However, chronic use of GCs can lead to hypertension. The cause of this undesired side effect remains unclear. Previously, we developed an in vivo rat model to study the mechanisms underlying hypertension induced by the chronic administration of the potent synthetic GC, dexamethasone (DEX) and found that the catecholamine biosynthetic pathway plays an important role. In the current study, we used this model to investigate the role of the adrenal medulla, renal nerves, and other peripheral sympathetic nerves in DEX-induced hypertension. After 5 days of baseline telemetric recording of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), rats were subjected to one of the following treatments: renal denervation (RDNX), adrenal medullectomy (ADMX), 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) to induce chemical sympathectomy, or a combination of ADMX and 6-OHDA. On day 11, the animals received vehicle (VEH) or DEX in drinking water for 7 days, with the latter causing an increase in MAP in control animals. ADMX and RDNX by themselves exacerbated the pressor effect of DEX. In the chemical sympathectomy group, DEX still caused a rise in MAP but the response was lower (ΔMAP of 6-OHDA/DEX < VEH/DEX, p = 0.039). However, when ΔMAP was normalized to day 10, 6-OHDA + DEX did not show any difference from VEH + DEX, certainly not an increase as observed in DEX + ADMX or RDNX groups. This indicates that sympathetic nerves do not modulate the pressor effect of DEX. TH mRNA levels increased in the adrenal medulla in both VEH/DEX (p = 0.009) and 6-OHDA/DEX (p = 0.031) groups. In the 6-OHDA group, DEX also increased plasma levels of norepinephrine (NE) (p = 0.016). Our results suggest that the activation of catecholamine synthetic pathway could be involved in the pressor response to DEX in animals even under chemical sympathectomy with 6-OHDA.

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RESUMEN Fundamento: La publicación científica constituye uno de los productos de una investigación, cuyos resultados pueden ser reproducidos y validados. En la revista Gaceta Médica Espirituana no existen antecedentes respecto al tema. Objetivo: Describir la correspondencia de los artículos originales con las recomendaciones para la presentación de estudios observacionales (Strobe). Metodología: Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico descriptivo donde se evaluaron, utilizando la guía Strobe, 40 artículos originales publicados del 2010 al 2012. Resultados: En 31 artículos no se explicó el fundamento científico; en 11 se expuso el escenario donde se recogieron los datos; 35 no definieron todas las variables y 12 tenían más del 50 % de sus referencias desactualizadas. Conclusiones: Un número importante de artículos no cumple con algunas de las recomendaciones del Strobe, lo que puede afectar su credibilidad y rigor científico.

ABSTRACT Background: the scientific publication is one of the products of an investigation whose results can be reproduced and validated. In the journal medical gazette from Sancti Spiritus, there is no antecedents about this subject. Objective: to describe the correspondence of the original articles with the recommendations for the presentation of observational studies (Strobe). Methodology: a descriptive bibliometric study was carried out where 40 original articles published from 2010 to 2012 were evaluated using the Strobe guidelines. Results: the scientific basis was not explained in 31 articles; in 11 the scenario where the data was collected was exposed; 35 did not define all the variables and 12 had more than 50% of their outdated references. Conclusion: A significant number of articles do not comply with some of the Strobe recommendations, which may affect its credibility and scientific strictness.

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RESUMEN Fundamento:La preservación del patrimonio cultural ha jugado un papel importante en el desarrollo científico-técnico de Cuba, por ello es una necesidad rescatar y mantener actualizada la historia de las publicaciones que divulgaron resultados de investigaciones científicas. Objetivo:Valorar la trayectoria de la Revista de Ciencias Médicas 3 de Diciembre en la socialización de los resultados científicos del sector de la salud en la provincia Sancti Spíritus. Metodología:Se realizó un análisis documental para obtener evidencias y realizar el análisis histórico tendencial de la revista. Conclusiones:Constituyó un precedente sustancial para el desarrollo de la publicación científica de las ciencias de la salud en la provincia Sancti Spíritus. El canje nacional e internacional enriqueció el fondo documental de las bibliotecas médicas del territorio y con ello el nuevo conocimiento.

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The current bacterial wilt infestation level in the potato fields in the Peruvian Andes was investigated by collecting stem samples from wilted plants and detecting Ralstonia solanacearum. In total 39 farmers' fields located in the central and northern Peru between the altitudes 2111 and 3742 m above sea level were sampled. R. solanacearum was detected in 19 fields, and in 153 out of the 358 samples analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis using the partial sequence of the endoglucanase gene on strains collected in Peru between 1966 and 2016 from potato, pepper, tomato, plantain or soil, divided the strains in phylotypes I, IIA, and IIB. The Phylotype IIB isolates formed seven sequevar groups including the previously identified sequevars 1, 2, 3, 4, and 25. In addition to this, three new sequevars of phylotype IIB were identified. Phylotype IIA isolates from Peru clustered together with reference strains previously assigned to sequevars 5, 39, 41, and 50, and additionally one new sequevar was identified. The Phylotype I strain was similar to the sequevar 18. Most of the Peruvian R. solanacearum isolates were IIB-1 strains. In the old collection sampled between 1966 and 2013, 72% were IIB-1 and in the new collection at 2016 no other strains were found. The pathogenicity of 25 isolates representing the IIA and IIB sequevar groups was tested on potato, tomato, eggplant and tobacco. All were highly aggressive on potato, but differed in pathogenicity on the other hosts, especially on tobacco. All IIA strains caused latent infection on tobacco and some strains also caused wilting, while IIB strains caused only few latent infections on this species. In conclusion, high molecular diversity was found among the R. solanacearum strains in Peru. Most of the variability was found in areas that are no longer used for potato cultivation and thus these strains do not pose a real threat for potato production in the country. Compared to the previous data from the 1990s, the incidence of bacterial wilt has decreased in Peru. The epidemics are likely caused by infected seed tubers carrying the clonal brown rot strain IIB-1.

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Several potexviruses (Family Alphaflexiviridae) have been reported infecting cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in the Americas. They were isolated from severely diseased plants during the last 30-40 years and include: Cassava common mosaic virus (CsCMV), Cassava Caribbean mosaic virus (CsCaMV), Cassava Colombian symptomless virus (CsCSV) and Cassava virus X (CsVX). However, their definitive classification as distinct species remains unresolved for several reasons, including the lack of sequence data and unavailability of samples from original isolates. This complicates disease diagnostics, cassava germplasm exchange certification, evaluation of virus cleaning protocols and epidemiological studies. Furthermore, a recently detected novel alphaflexivirus, indicates that cassava-infecting potexviruses may be more diverse. To solve the identity of these viruses, we started indexing samples from different parts of Colombia using different sets of PCR primers, antisera available and inoculation to indicator plants. Results show that there are three major phylogenetic groups of potexviruses infecting cassava, and they correspond to CsCMV, CsVX and the newly identified Cassava new alphaflexivirus (CsNAV). Bioassays and sequence analysis established that isolates of CsNAV and CsVX cause latent infections in different cassava landraces, they are not efficiently transmitted to the indicator plant Nicotiana benthamiana and they lack the gene 3 of the conserved potexviral 'triple gene block' (TGB). In contrast, all isolates of CsCMV (which have a characteristic potexvirus genome arrangement) caused Cassava Common Mosaic Disease (CCMD) in single infections and were efficiently transmitted to N. benthamiana. Although phylogenetic analysis of the replicase sequence placed CsNAV and CsVX as members of the Potexvirus genus, their distinct genome arrangement and biological characteristics suggest they can be considered as members of a separate taxonomic group.

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Many training programs have been designed using modern software to restore the impaired cognitive functions in patients with acquired brain damage (ABD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a computer-based training program of attention and memory in patients with ABD, using a two-armed parallel group design, where the experimental group (n = 50) received cognitive stimulation using RehaCom software, and the control group (n = 30) received the standard cognitive stimulation (non-computerized) for eight weeks. In order to assess the possible cognitive changes after the treatment, a post-pre experimental design was employed using the following neuropsychological tests: Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) and Trail Making test A and B. The effectiveness of the training procedure was statistically significant (p < 0.05) when it established the comparison between the performance in these scales, before and after the training period, in each patient and between the two groups. The training group had statistically significant (p < 0.001) changes in focused attention (Trail A), two subtests (digit span and logical memory), and the overall score of WMS. Finally, we discuss the advantages of computerized training rehabilitation and further directions of this line of work.

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Fundamento: La mayoría de los sitios web utilizan galerías de imágenes para mostrar sus productos y servicios, la página web del Centro Provincial de Información de Ciencias Médicas de Sancti Spíritus no tenía una galería de imágenes médicas donde los profesionales de la salud pudieran compartir, organizar y preservar el patrimonio fotográfico de las Ciencias Médicas del territorio. Objetivo: Proponer una Galería de imágenes en el sitio web del Centro Provincial de Información de Ciencias Médicas de la de Sancti Spíritus. Desarrollo: Para el diseño de esta Galería se utilizó el sistema de gestión de contenidos Drupal porque es totalmente gratuito, personalizable, muy potente y flexible, incorpora las funcionalidades más comunes, es prácticamente un estándar "de facto", facilita la internacionalización, facilita la escalabilidad, el sistema implementado constituye un medio idóneo para lograr el acceso abierto a las imágenes médicas. Conclusiones: La Galería de imágenes médicas del sitio web es una fuente de consulta para los profesionales de la salud, esta contribuye a la actividad docente, asistencial e investigadora de los profesionales.

Background: Most of the web sites use galleries of images to show their products and services, the web site of the Provincial Center of Information of the Medical Sciences University of Sancti Spíritus didn't have a gallery of medical images where the professionals of the health could share, organize and preserve the photographic patrimony of the Medical Sciences in the territor. Objective: To propose a Gallery of images in the web site of the Provincial Center of Information of Medical Sciences University of Sancti Spíritus. Development: For the design of this Gallery the system of administration of contained Drupal was used because it is completely free, customizable, very potent and flexible, it incorporates the most common functionalities, it is practically a standard "of facto", it facilitates the internationalization, it facilitates the scalability, the implemented system constitutes a suitable mean to achieve the open access to the medical images Conclusions: The Gallery of medical images of the web site is a consultation source for the professionals of the health, it contributes to educational, assistance activity and investigative of professionals.

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