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BACKGROUND: Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a DNA repair disorder characterized by changes in several organs and systems. Advances in clinical protocols have resulted in increased survival of A-T patients, however disease progression is evident, mainly through metabolic and liver changes. OBJECTIVE: To identify the frequency of significant hepatic fibrosis in A-T patients and to verify the association with metabolic alterations and degree of ataxia. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study that included 25 A-T patients aged 5 to 31 years. Anthropometric data, liver, inflammatory, lipid metabolism and glucose biomarkers (oral glucose tolerance test with insulin curve-OGTT) were collected. The Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale was applied to assess the degree of ataxia. The following were calculated: Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance, Homeostasis Model Assessment-Adiponectin (HOMA-AD), Matsuda index, aspartate aminotransferase (AST): platelet ratio index, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score and BARD score. Liver ultrasonography and transient liver elastography by FibroScan® were performed. RESULTS: Significant hepatic fibrosis was observed in 5/25 (20%). Patients in the group with significant hepatic fibrosis were older (p < 0.001), had lower platelet count values (p = 0.027), serum albumin (p = 0.019), HDL-c (p = 0.013) and Matsuda index (p = 0.044); and high values of LDL-c (p = 0.049), AST (p = 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.002), gamma-glutamyl transferase (p = 0.001), ferritin (p = 0.001), 120-min glycemia by OGTT (p = 0.049), HOMA-AD (p = 0.016) and degree of ataxia (p = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: A non-invasive diagnosis of significant hepatic fibrosis was observed in 20% of A-T patients associated with changes in liver enzymes, ferritin, increased HOMA-AD, and the severity of ataxia in comparison with patients without hepatic fibrosis.

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INTRODUCTION: Psoas abscess is a rare pathological entity being retroperitonescopy an unusual therapeutic modality for its resolution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The objective is to present and describe five patients with a diagnosis of psoas abscess that were resolved by retroperitoneoscopy in our institution and then carried out a non-systematic review of the literature. RESULTS: The mean age was 58.8 years and 80% were male. All patients had back pain and none had therapeutic resolution with conservative treatment. 60% of the patients had a methicillin sensitive Staphyylococus Aureus. In the follow-up with a mean of 10.2 months, no recurrence was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis of psoas abscess is important for its correct resolution. In our small series of patients, retroperitoneoscopy was an effective treatment.

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BACKGROUND: The subclavian arteries are two major arteries of the upper chest, below the collar bone, which come from the arch of the aorta. Endovascular treatment for stenosis of the subclavian arteries includes angioplasty alone, and with stenting. There is insufficient evidence to guide the use of stents following angioplasty for subclavian artery stenosis. This is the second update of a review first published in 2011. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to determine whether stenting was more effective than angioplasty alone for stenosis of the subclavian artery. SEARCH METHODS: For this update, the Cochrane Vascular Information Specialist searched the Cochrane Vascular Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and LILACS databases, and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov trials registers to 2 February 2021. SELECTION CRITERIA: We searched for randomised controlled trials of endovascular treatment of subclavian artery lesions that compared angioplasty alone and stent implantation. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently evaluated studies to assess eligibility. Discrepancies were resolved by discussion. If there was no agreement, we asked a third review author to assess the study for inclusion. We planned to undertake data collection and analysis in accordance with recommendations described in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, and assess the certainty of the evidence using a GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS: To date, we have not identified any completed or ongoing randomised controlled trials that compare percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for subclavian artery stenosis. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is currently insufficient evidence to determine whether stenting is more effective than angioplasty alone for stenosis of the subclavian artery.

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Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la correlación diagnóstica entre las cinéticas del antígeno específico de la próstata (PSA) y la positividad de la PET/TC 18F-PSMA en pacientes con cáncer de próstata con recaída bioquímica (RCP, recurrencia del cáncer de próstata). Material y métodos: Se realizó un trabajo observacional de corte transversal de pacientes con una RCP que fueron evaluados con PET/TC 18F-PSMA-1007 en los que se analizó la concordancia entre el PET/TC PSMA y las cinéticas del PSA. Resultados: Se analizaron un total de 54 pacientes. La edad media fue de 68 ± 8 años. El PSA disparador de la PET/TC mostró una mediana (Q1-Q3) de 3,14 (0,73-8.69) ng/ml. La PET/TC colina mostró una tasa de positividad del 35%, mientras que la PET/TC 18F-PSMA mostró una tasa de positividad del 80%, pero con un PSA disparador ≥ 2 ng/ml la PET/TC 18F-PSMA tuvo un 100% de positividad; mientras que la PET/TC colina un 55% de positivos. En la valoración de las cinéticas de PSA para PET/TC PSMA las curvas ROC mostraron para PSAV un área bajo la curva de 0,93 (IC 95%: 0,83-1; p = 0,0001), presentado el punto de corte 0,85 ng/ml/año una sensibilidad del 88% y una especificidad del 87%. El 97% de las PET/TC 18F-PSMA fueron positivas con un PSAV > 0,85 ng/ml/año (p = 0,0001). Mientras que las curvas ROC mostraron para PSADT un área bajo de la curva de 0,38 (IC 95%: 0,21-0,57; p = 0,321) sin evidenciar valor diagnóstico. Conclusión: Se evidenció que el PSAV fue un muy buen predictor de positividad en la PET/TC 18F-PSMA en pacientes con RCP, no así el PSADT.

Abstract Introduction: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics (PSA velocity [PSAV] and PSA doubling time [PSADT]) are predictors of positivity in Choline PET/CT, but this correlation has not been correctly established in PSMA PET/CT. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic correlation between PSA kinetics and positivity of 18F PSMA PET/CT in patients with relapsed prostate cancer (RPC). Material and methods: We performed an observational cross-sectional study of 54 patients with RPC that were evaluated with 18F-PSMA PET/CT. The concordance between 18F-PSMA PET/CT and PSA kinetics was analyzed. Results: The mean age was 68 ± 8 years. Time to relapse had a median (Q1-Q3) of 29 (8; 48) months. The trigger PSA showed a median of 3.14 (0.73-8.69) ng/dl. 18F-PSMA PET/CT showed a positivity of 80%. The ROC curves showed an AUC of 0.93 for PSAV (95%CI0.83-1; p = 0.0001). A cut-off points of 0.85 ng/ml/year showed a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 87%. 97% of the 18F-PSMA PET/CT were positive with a PSAV > 0.85 ng/ml/year (p = 0.0001). While the ROC curves showed an AUC of 0.38 for PSADT (95%CI 0.21- 0.57; p = 0.321) without showing diagnostic value. Conclusion: PSAV was a predictor of positivity in 18F-PSMA PET/CT in patients with RPC, but PSADT was not.

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OBJECTIVES: to understand the perceptions of senior students in an undergraduate nursing course at a nursing college in Lisbon regarding skills related to clinical decision-making learned during their initial training. METHODS: qualitative study, of an exploratory and descriptive nature. Data collection occurred by carrying out a focus group with eight senior students in an undergraduate nursing course. Data treatment applied content analysis, performed with twebQDA® software. RESULTS: data were analyzed according to the four dimensions of Tanner's model of clinical judgment, and noticing and interpreting stood out as the most influential in clinical decision-making. Theoretical and clinical knowledge, validation of care planning, prioritization, and capacity to discuss and debate about situations emerged as the most representative skills. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: students make decisions by means of a complex process by using the knowledge and skills learned during their training.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the perceptions of senior students in an undergraduate nursing course at a nursing college in Lisbon regarding skills related to clinical decision-making learned during their initial training. Methods: qualitative study, of an exploratory and descriptive nature. Data collection occurred by carrying out a focus group with eight senior students in an undergraduate nursing course. Data treatment applied content analysis, performed with twebQDA® software. Results: data were analyzed according to the four dimensions of Tanner's model of clinical judgment, and noticing and interpreting stood out as the most influential in clinical decision-making. Theoretical and clinical knowledge, validation of care planning, prioritization, and capacity to discuss and debate about situations emerged as the most representative skills. Final considerations: students make decisions by means of a complex process by using the knowledge and skills learned during their training.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender las percepciones de estudiantes avanzados de una escuela superior de enfermería de Lisboa sobre las competencias de toma de decisiones clínicas adquiridas en la formación inicial. Métodos: estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo. Datos recolectados mediante focus group con 8 estudiantes avanzados de la carrera de licenciatura en enfermería. Datos analizados por análisis de contenido, utilizándose software webQDA® . Resultados: los datos fueron analizados según las cuatro dimensiones del modelo de toma de decisiones de Tanner, destacándose la Percepción y la Interpretación como las más influyentes en la toma de decisiones clínicas. Surgieron como competencias más representativas: el conocimiento teórico y clínico, la validación de la planificación de cuidados, la priorización y la capacidad de discusión y argumentación sobre las situaciones. Consideraciones Finales: los estudiantes toman decisiones aplicando un proceso complejo, utilizando el conocimiento y las competencias adquiridas durante su formación.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender as percepções dos estudantes finalistas de uma escola superior de enfermagem de Lisboa sobre as competências de tomada de decisão clínica adquiridas na formação inicial. Métodos: estudo qualitativo de caráter exploratório e descritivo. A colheita de dados foi realizada por meio de um focus group, com 8 estudantes finalistas do curso de licenciatura em enfermagem. Na aná lise dos dados, recorreu-se à análise de conteúdo pelo software webQDA®. Resultados: os dados foram analisados segundo as quatro dimensões do modelo de tomada de decisão de Tanner, destacando-se a Percepção e a Interpretação como as mais influentes na tomada de decisão clínica. Emergiram como competências mais representativas: o conhecimento teórico e clínico, a validação do planejamento dos cuidados, a priorização e a capacidade de discussão e argumentação sobre as situações. Considerações Finais: os estudantes tomam decisões por meio de um processo complexo usando o conhecimento e as competências adquiridas na formação.

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INTRODUCTION: Spontaneous bladder rupture is a rare condition, especially after a nontraumatic vaginal delivery. CASE PRESENTATION: A 32-year-old patient who had had a nontraumatic vaginal delivery presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain and anuria. Computed tomography showed free fluid in the peritoneal cavity. An exploratory laparoscopy revealed a perforation on the bladder dome that was laparoscopically sutured. CONCLUSION: In the presence of an acute abdominal pain with free fluid in the peritoneal cavity after a nontraumatic vaginal delivery, a differential diagnosis should be a spontaneous rupture of the bladder.

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Resumen Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la relación de las cinéticas del antígeno prostático específico (PSA por su sigla en inglés) con la positividad de la tomografía por emisión de positrones/tomografía computada [PET/TC colina (PETC)]en pacientes con una recaída de cáncer de próstata (RCP). Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un trabajo retrospectivo de 48 pacientes con RCP post prostatectomía radical (PR) evaluados con PETC. Resultados: La PETC negativa tuvo una mediana de 16,3 meses y la PETC positiva de 5,5 meses (p = < 0,001) para el tiempo de doblaje de PSA (PSADT por su sigla en inglés); la PETC fue positiva en el 96% de los pacientes con un PSADT< 12 meses. La PETC negativa tuvo una mediana de 0,03 ng/ml/año y la PETC positiva de 4,1 ng/ml/año (p = < 0,001) para la velocidad del PSA (PSAVpor su sigla en inglés); la PETC fue positiva en el 92% de los pacientes con un PSAV > 0,75 ng/ml/año. Las áreas bajo la curva ROC para PSAV fue de 0,984 con un punto de corte de mayor discriminación de 0.785 ng/ml/año, mostrando razones de verosimilitud (LR por su sigla en inglés) LR + = 25 y LR- = 0,1. Para PSADT el ROC fue de 0,992 con un punto de corte de mayor discriminación de 11 meses, mostrando LR + = 11 y LR- = 0. Discusión: El PSA es un indicador inespecífico de PETC positiva. Un estudio inicial demostró que los pacientes con una RCP con una PETC positiva tenían un menor PSADT y una mayor PSAV que los pacientes con una PETC negativa. Conclusión: La positividad de la PETC se vio influenciada por las cinéticas del PSA, observándose que a menor PSADT y que a mayor PSAV mayor fue la probabilidad de la positividad de la PETC.

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) kinetics and the detection of Prostate Cancer Relapse (PCR) with Positron-Emission Tomography (PETC). Material and methods: A retrospective study of 48 patients with a PCR after a radical prostatectomy evaluated with PETC was performed. Results: PSA Doubling Time (PSADT), with negative PETC, had a median of 16.3 months and the positive PETC a median of 5.5 months (p = < 0.001); 96% of patients with a PSADT <12 months had positive PETC. PSA Velocity (PSAV), negative PETC, had a median of 0.03 ng/ml/year and positive PETC a median of 4.1 ng/ml/year (p = < 0.001); 92% of patients who had a PSAV > 0.75 ng/ml/year had positive PETC. The ROC for PSAV was 0.984 with a cut-off value of 0.785 ng/ml/year, Showing Likelihood Ratios (LR) LR + = 25 and LR- = 0.1. The ROC for PSADT was 0.992 with a cut off value of 11 months, showing LR + = 11 and LR- = 0. Discussion: PSA is a nonspecific indicator of positive PETC. An initial study demon-strated that patients with a PCR and positive PETC had lower PSADT and higher PSAV than patients with a negative PETC. Conclusion: The rate of detection of PCR with PETC was influenced by the kinetics of PSA, and it was observed that the lower the PSADT and the higher the PSAV, the greater the probability of the positivity of the PETC.

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ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the accuracy of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) adjusted for the transition zone volume (PSATZ) in predicting prostate cancer by comparing the ability of several PSA parameters in predicting prostate cancer in men with intermediate PSA levels of 2.6 - 10.0 ng/mL and its ability to reduce unnecessary biopsies. Materials and Methods: This study included 656 patients referred for prostate biopsy who had a serum PSA of 2.6 - 10.0 ng/mL. Total prostate and transition zone volumes were measured by transrectal ultrasound using the prolate ellipsoid method. The clinical values of PSA, free-to-total (F/T) ratio, PSA density (PSAD) and PSATZ for the detection of prostate cancer were calculated and statistical comparisons between biopsy-positive (cancer) and biopsy-negative (benign) were conducted. Results: Cancer was detected in 172 patients (26.2%). Mean PSA, PSATZ, PSAD and F/T ratio were 7.5 ng/mL, 0.68 ng/mL/cc. 0.25 ng/mL/cc and 0.14 in patients with prostate cancer and 6.29 ng/mL, 0.30 ng/mL/cc, 0.16 ng/mL/cc and 0.22 in patients with benign biopsies, respectively. ROC curves analysis demonstrated that PSATZ had a higher area under curve (0,838) than F/T ratio (0.806) (P<0.001) and PSAD (0.806) (P<0.001). With a cut-off value of 0.22 ng/mL/cc, PSATZ had 100% of sensitivity and could have prevented 24% of unnecessary biopsies. Conclusions: PSATZ may be useful in enhancing the specificity of serum PSA. Compared to other PSA related parameters, it was better in differentiating between prostate cancer and benign prostatic enlargement. Also, PSATZ could reduce a significant number of unnecessary biopsies.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the carotid intima-media complex (CIMC) thickness and lipid metabolism biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk (CR) in parents of patients with ataxia-telangiectasia and verify an association with gender. METHOD: A cross-sectional and controlled study with 29 ATM heterozygotes and 14 healthy controls. Biochemical tests and CIMC thickness measurement were performed. RESULTS: The mean CIMC measurement in heterozygous ATM was 0.72 ± 0.1 mm (minimum: 0.5 mm and maximum: 1.0 mm). Noticed high percentage of amounts above 75 percentile compared to the population referential (16 [76.2%]), without any significant statistical differences between the female and the male gender (11/15 [73.3%] vs. 5/6 [83.3%]; p=0.550). The comparison between heterozygous and controls, stratified by gender, showed that in heterozygous ATMs, women had higher concentrations of HDL-c compared to men, as well as higher values of hs-CRP in relation to the control women. In heterozygous ATMs, stratified by gender, the correlation between HDL-c and hs-CRP was inversely proportional and stronger among women, with a tendency to statistical significance. CONCLUSION: Heterozygous ATMs did not differ from controls in relation to the biomarkers studied related to CR. However, most of them presented increased CIMC, independent predictor of death, risk for myocardial infarction and stroke, compared to the referential for the same age group. This finding suggests CR in the heterozygous ATM and shows to the need to monitor CIMC thickness and nutritional orientations.

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PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) adjusted for the transition zone volume (PSATZ) in predicting prostate cancer by comparing the ability of several PSA parameters in predicting prostate cancer in men with intermediate PSA levels of 2.6 - 10.0 ng/mL and its ability to reduce unnecessary biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 656 patients referred for prostate biopsy who had a serum PSA of 2.6 - 10.0 ng/mL. Total prostate and transition zone volumes were measured by transrectal ultrasound using the prolate ellipsoid method. The clinical values of PSA, free-to-total (F/T) ratio, PSA density (PSAD) and PSATZ for the detection of prostate cancer were calculated and statistical comparisons between biopsy-positive (cancer) and biopsy-negative (benign) were conducted. RESULTS: Cancer was detected in 172 patients (26.2%). Mean PSA, PSATZ, PSAD and F/T ratio were 7.5 ng/mL, 0.68 ng/mL/cc. 0.25 ng/mL/cc and 0.14 in patients with prostate cancer and 6.29 ng/mL, 0.30 ng/mL/cc, 0.16 ng/mL/cc and 0.22 in patients with benign biopsies, respectively. ROC curves analysis demonstrated that PSATZ had a higher area under curve (0,838) than F/T ratio (0,806) (P<0.001) and PSAD (0,806) (P<0.001). With a cut-off value of 0.22 ng/mL/cc, PSATZ had 100% of sensitivity and could have prevented 24% of unnecessary biopsies. CONCLUSIONS: PSATZ may be useful in enhancing the specificity of serum PSA. Compared to other PSA related parameters, it was better in differentiating between prostate cancer and benign prostatic enlargement. Also, PSATZ could reduce a significant number of unnecessary biopsies.

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Summary Objective: To evaluate the carotid intima-media complex (CIMC) thickness and lipid metabolism biomarkers associated with cardiovascular risk (CR) in parents of patients with ataxia-telangiectasia and verify an association with gender. Method: A cross-sectional and controlled study with 29 ATM heterozygotes and 14 healthy controls. Biochemical tests and CIMC thickness measurement were performed. Results: The mean CIMC measurement in heterozygous ATM was 0.72 ± 0.1 mm (minimum: 0.5 mm and maximum: 1.0 mm). Noticed high percentage of amounts above 75 percentile compared to the population referential (16 [76.2%]), without any significant statistical differences between the female and the male gender (11/15 [73.3%] vs. 5/6 [83.3%]; p=0.550). The comparison between heterozygous and controls, stratified by gender, showed that in heterozygous ATMs, women had higher concentrations of HDL-c compared to men, as well as higher values of hs-CRP in relation to the control women. In heterozygous ATMs, stratified by gender, the correlation between HDL-c and hs-CRP was inversely proportional and stronger among women, with a tendency to statistical significance. Conclusion: Heterozygous ATMs did not differ from controls in relation to the biomarkers studied related to CR. However, most of them presented increased CIMC, independent predictor of death, risk for myocardial infarction and stroke, compared to the referential for the same age group. This finding suggests CR in the heterozygous ATM and shows to the need to monitor CIMC thickness and nutritional orientations.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a espessura do complexo médio-intimal da carótida (CMIC) e os biomarcadores do metabolismo lipídico associados ao risco cardiovascular (RC) em pais de pacientes com ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) e verificar associação com gênero. Método: Estudo transversal prospectivo e controlado com 29 ATM heterozigotos e 14 controles saudáveis. Foram realizados exames bioquímicos e a espessura do CMIC por ultrassonografia. Resultados: A média da medida do CMIC nos ATM heterozigotos foi de 0,72± 0,1 mm (mínimo: 0,5 mm e máximo: 1,0 mm). Observou-se elevado percentual de valores acima do percentil 75 em relação ao referencial populacional (16 [76,2%]), sem diferença estatisticamente significante entre o gênero feminino e o masculino (11/15 [73,3%] vs. 5/6 [83,3%]; p=0.550). A comparação entre os ATM heterozigotos e os controles, estratificados por gênero, mostrou que, nos ATM heterozigotos, as mulheres tinham maiores concentrações de HDL-c em comparação aos homens, e valores mais elevados de PCR-us em relação às mulheres controle. Nos ATM heterozigotos, estratificando segundo gênero, a correlação entre HDL-c e PCR-us foi inversamente proporcional e mais forte entre as mulheres, com tendência à significância estatística. Conclusão: Os ATM heterozigotos não diferiram dos controles em relação aos biomarcadores estudados relacionados ao RC. Entretanto, a maioria deles apresentou aumento na espessura do CMIC, preditor independente de morte, risco para infarto do miocárdio e AVC, quando comparado ao referencial para a mesma faixa etária. Esse achado sugere RC nos ATM heterozigotos e aponta para a necessidade de monitoramento da espessura do CMIC e de orientações nutricionais.

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BACKGROUND: Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes and the risk for development of cardiovascular disease was recently associated as an extended phenotype of the disease. We aimed to assess IR; liver involvement; carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and metabolic alterations associated to cardiovascular risk in A-T patients, and relate them with age. RESULTS: Glucose metabolism alterations were found in 54.6% of the patients. Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed in 11/17 (64.7%) A-T patients. AST/ALT ratio > 1 was observed in 10/17 (58.8%). A strong positive correlation was observed between insulin sum concentrations with ALT (r = 0.782, p < 0.004) and age (r = 0.818, p = 0.002). Dyslipidemia was observed in 55.5% of the patients. The apolipoprotein (Apo-B)/ApoA-I ratio (r = 0.619; p < 0.01), LDL/HDL-c (r = 0.490; p < 0.05) and the Apo-B levels (r = 0.545; p < 0.05) were positively correlated to cIMT. CONCLUSIONS: Metabolic disorders implicated in cardiovascular and liver diseases are frequently observed in adolescent A-T patients and those tend to get worse as they become older. Therefore, nutritional intervention and the use of drugs may be necessary.

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Positron emission tomography with [18]F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET/CT) has been advocated as the method of choice for lymphoma staging, since it enables whole-body analysis with high sensitivity for detection of affected areas and because it combines capacities for anatomical and functional assessment. With technological advances, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as an alternative to FDG-PET/CT. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to compare whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI (WB-MRI) with FDG-PET/CT for lymphoma staging. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review on diagnostic test accuracy studies conducted at a public university. METHODS: The Medline, Scopus, Embase and Lilacs databases were searched for studies published up to September 2013 that compared WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT for lymphoma staging. The reference lists of included studies were checked for any relevant additional citations. RESULTS: Six studies that evaluated the initial lymphoma staging in 116 patients were included. WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT agreed in 90.5% of the cases (κ = 0.871; P < 0.0001). In most of the studies, when there was disagreement between the methods, WB-MRI overstaged in relation to FDG-PET/CT. The sensitivity of WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT, in comparison with the clinical-radiological standard, ranged from 59 to 100% and from 63 to 100% respectively. CONCLUSION: WB-MRI is a highly sensitive method for initial lymphoma staging. It has excellent agreement with FDG-PET/CT and is a great alternative for managing lymphoma patients, without using ionizing radiation or an intravenous contrast agent. .

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A tomografia por emissão de pósitrons com 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxi-D-glicose (FDG-PET/CT) tem sido defendida como método de escolha para o estadiamento do linfoma por realizar o estudo do corpo inteiro com boa sensibilidade para detecção das áreas acometidas e por combinar as capacidades de avaliação anatômica e funcional. Com os avanços tecnológicos, a ressonância magnética tem se apresentando como alternativa à FDG-PET/CT. Esta revisão sistemática com metanálise visa comparar a ressonância magnética de corpo inteiro (WB-MRI) com difusão com a FDG-PET/CT no estadiamento do linfoma. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Revisão sistemática de estudos de acurácia diagnóstica conduzida em universidade pública. MÉTODOS: Foi conduzida uma busca nos bancos de dados Medline, Embase, Scopus e Lilacs por estudos publicados até setembro de 2013 comparando a WB-MRI com a FDG-PET/CT no estadiamento do linfoma. As referências bibliográficas dos estudos incluídos foram checadas com a finalidade de encontrar citações adicionais relevantes. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos seis estudos que avaliaram o estadiamento inicial do linfoma de 116 pacientes. A WB-MRI e a FDG-PET/CT concordaram em 90,5% dos casos (κ = 0,871; P < 0,0001). Na maioria dos estudos, quando houve discordância, a WB-MRI estabeleceu estadiamento superior à FDG-PET/CT. A sensibilidade da WB-MRI e da FDG-PET/CT, em relação ao padrão clínico-radiológico, variou de 59% a 100% e de 63% a 100%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A WB-MRI apresenta alta sensibilidade no estadiamento inicial do linfoma, excelente concordância com a FDG-PET/CT e representa uma ótima alternativa no manejo de pacientes com linfoma, sem utilizar radiação ionizante ou meio de contraste intravenoso. .

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Positron emission tomography with [18]F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET/CT) has been advocated as the method of choice for lymphoma staging, since it enables whole-body analysis with high sensitivity for detection of affected areas and because it combines capacities for anatomical and functional assessment. With technological advances, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as an alternative to FDG-PET/CT. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to compare whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI (WB-MRI) with FDG-PET/CT for lymphoma staging. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review on diagnostic test accuracy studies conducted at a public university. METHODS: The Medline, Scopus, Embase and Lilacs databases were searched for studies published up to September 2013 that compared WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT for lymphoma staging. The reference lists of included studies were checked for any relevant additional citations. RESULTS: Six studies that evaluated the initial lymphoma staging in 116 patients were included. WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT agreed in 90.5% of the cases (κ = 0.871; P < 0.0001). In most of the studies, when there was disagreement between the methods, WB-MRI overstaged in relation to FDG-PET/CT. The sensitivity of WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT, in comparison with the clinical-radiological standard, ranged from 59 to 100% and from 63 to 100% respectively. CONCLUSION: WB-MRI is a highly sensitive method for initial lymphoma staging. It has excellent agreement with FDG-PET/CT and is a great alternative for managing lymphoma patients, without using ionizing radiation or an intravenous contrast agent.

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