RESUMO

Time of flight mass spectrometry, electron-ion coincidence, and ion yield spectroscopy were employed to investigate for the first time the thiazole (C3 H3 NS) molecule in the gas phase excited by synchrotron radiation in the soft X-ray domain. Total ion yield (TIY) and photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PEPICO) spectra were recorded as a function of the photon energy in the vicinity of the carbon K edge (C1s). The C1s resonant transitions as well as the core ionization thresholds have been determined from the profile of TIY spectrum, and the features were discussed. The corresponding partial ion yields were determined from the PEPICO spectra for the cation species produced upon the molecular photodissociation. Additional ab initio calculations have also been performed from where relevant structural and electronic configuration parameters were obtained for this molecule.

RESUMO

Photoelectron photoion coincidence measurements have been performed for the thiazole (C3H3NS) molecule in gas phase, using time-of-flight mass spectrometry in the electron-ion coincidence mode and vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation. photoelectron photoion coincidence spectra have been recorded as a function of the photon energy covering the valence range from 10 to 21 eV. The resulting photoionization products as well as the dissociation pathways leading to the ionic species were proposed and discussed. We have also performed density functional theory and ab initio calculations for the neutral molecule, its cation and the ion fragments produced in order to determine their electronic and structural parameters.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The main adipogenic transcription factor PPARγ possesses high affinity to 2,4-TZD, a member of the Thiazolidinedione family of insulin-sensitizing compounds used as adipogenic agents. We evaluated 2,4-TZD's effect on bovine growth and PPAR tissue expression. Seventeen Limousin bulls (18 month-old; 350 kg body weight (BW)) were assigned into 2 treatments: control and 2,4-TZD (8 mg/70 kg BW) and were fed until bulls reached 500 kg BW. They were weighed and their blood was sampled. DNA, RNA, and protein were determined in liver; skeletal muscle; subcutaneous (SC), omental, perirenal adipose tissues (AT) to determine protein synthesis rate and cellular size. Expression of PPAR mRNA was measured in liver and muscle (PPARα, -δ, and -γ) and SC adipose tissue (γ) by real-time PCR. No significant differences were found (P > 0.1) in weight gain, days on feed, and carcass quality. Muscle synthesis was greater in controls (P < 0.05); cell size was larger with 2,4-TZD (P < 0.05). PPARα, -δ, and -γ expressions with 2,4-TZD in liver were lower (P < 0.01) than in muscle. No differences were found for PPARγ mRNA expression in SCAT. The results suggest the potential use of 2,4-TZD in beef cattle diets, because it improves AT differentiation, liver, and muscle fatty acid oxidation that, therefore, might improve energy efficiency.

RESUMO

We have investigated the thermochemistry and ion energetics of the oxybenzone (2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone, C14H12O3, 1H) molecule. The following parameters have been determined for this species: gas-phase enthalpy for the of neutral molecule at 298.15K, (Delta(f)H0(m)(g) = -303.5 +/- 5.1 kJ x mol-1), the intrinsic (gas-phase) acidity (GA(1H) = 1402.1 +/- 8.4 kJ x mol-1), enthalpy of formation for the oxybenzone anion (Delta(f)H0(m)(1-,g) = -402.3 +/- 9.8 kJ x mol-1). We also have obtained the enthalpy of formation of, 4-hydroxy-4'-methoxybenzophenone (Delta(f)H0(m)(g) = -275.4 +/- 10 kJ x mol-1) and 3-methoxyphenol anion (Delta(f)H0(m)(C7H7O2-,g) = -317.7 +/- 8.7 kJ x mol-1). A reliable experimental estimation of enthalpy related to intramolecular hydrogen bonding in oxybenzone has also been obtained (30.1 +/- 6.3 kJ x mol-1) and compared with our theoretical calculations at the B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory, by means of an isodesmic reaction scheme. In addition, heat capacities, temperature, and enthalpy of fusion have been determined for this molecule by differential scanning calorimetry.

RESUMO

We report on linkage analysis and haplotype characterization in 12 Cuban families with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPK) using PKD1-linked markers. They included both standard restriction fragment length polymorphisms (26.6., BLu24, and pGGG1) as well as microsatellite polymorphisms (CW2, 16AC2.5, and SM6). All of the examined families were fully informative for genetic diagnosis and no evidence of unlinked families was found. Analysis of two recombination events places PKD1 distal to the marker BLu24 and reduces the size of the region likely to contain the disease gene by approximately 300 kb. The allele frequencies of each marker were similar in the ADPKD and normal populations.

Assuntos

RESUMO

It is possible that the mucosal damage in congestive gastropathy of portal hypertensive patients may have an ischemic basis, since rewarming time in other sites correlates with local blood flow, a method was designed to assess the capacity of the gastric mucosa to rewarm the stomach after a cold challenge, as an index of ischemia. Eleven control subjects and 15 patients with portal hypertension (10 treated with sclerotherapy) were studied with an integrated circuit temperature transducer connected to a digital display. A balloon containing the temperature transducer inside was reversibly fixed 10 cm. proximally to the distal end of a panendoscope. Once upper endoscopy was completed, the balloon placed in the antrum was infused with cooled water (2 degrees C) through a polyethylene tube. The time elapsed for the water to be rewarmed from 20 degrees C to 25 degrees C to 30 degrees C and 20 degrees C to 30 degrees C was measured. Reproducibility of repeated measurements, gave a coefficient of variation of 6%. Total rewarming time was (-mean +/- SD) 178 +/- 51.3 seconds, significantly higher in Portal hypertensive patients as compared to 114 +/- 34.7 seconds in Controls (P < 0.001). (95% Confidence Interval: -X = 63.4 seconds Cl 45.02 to 81.78). 60% of Sensitivity and 100% of Specificity The slower rewarming time in patients with portal hypertension may be the result of mucosal ischaemia, but oedema and cellular infiltration could also affect the heat flow.

Assuntos

RESUMO

It is possible that the mucosal damage in congestive gastropathy of portal hypertensive patients may have an ischemic basis, since rewarming time in other sites correlates with local blood flow, a method was designed to assess the capacity of the gastric mucosa to rewarm the stomach after a cold challenge, as an index of ischemia. Eleven control subjects and 15 patients with portal hypertension (10 treated with sclerotherapy) were studied with an integrated circuit temperature transducer connected to a digital display. A balloon containing the temperature transducer inside was reversibly fixed 10 cm. proximally to the distal end of a panendoscope. Once upper endoscopy was completed, the balloon placed in the antrum was infused with cooled water (2 degrees C) through a polyethylene tube. The time elapsed for the water to be rewarmed from 20 degrees C to 25 degrees C to 30 degrees C and 20 degrees C to 30 degrees C was measured. Reproducibility of repeated measurements, gave a coefficient of variation of 6

. Total rewarming time was (-mean +/- SD) 178 +/- 51.3 seconds, significantly higher in Portal hypertensive patients as compared to 114 +/- 34.7 seconds in Controls (P < 0.001). (95

Confidence Interval: -X = 63.4 seconds Cl 45.02 to 81.78). 60

of Sensitivity and 100

of Specificity The slower rewarming time in patients with portal hypertension may be the result of mucosal ischaemia, but oedema and cellular infiltration could also affect the heat flow.

Assuntos

RESUMO

By means of fiberendoscopic injection sclerotherapy, it was possible to achieve eradication of esophageal varices in 18 patients. At the onset of treatment 9 patients had small varices (grade II) and other 9 had big varices (grade III). It was found in the big varices group there was needed more courses (p less than 0.01) and a greater amount of sclerosing agent (p less than 0.001) than in the group with small varices. Since those patients with big varices required more courses and more volume of sclerosing agent, and in fact they have more risk to rebleed during the pre-eradication period. It is proposed as a solution during this period, the use of a B receptor blocking agent (Propranolol) simultaneously with sclerotherapy.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Mediante tratamiento esclerosante fibroendoscopico, se logro en 18 pacientes la erradicacion de sus varices esofagicas.Nueve pacientes presentaban al inicio de la terapeutica varices pequenas (grado III) y otros nueve varices grandes (grado III). Se comprueba que el grupo con varices grandes, requieren en forma estadisticamente significativa (p <0,01) mayor cantidad de sesiones y (p < 0.001) mayor volumen de esclerosante que el grupo con varices pequenas. Al requerir estos pacientes con varios esofagicas grandes mas sesiones y volumen de agente esclerosante, y ser al mismo tiempo los que tienen mayor riesgo de presentar recidivas hemorragicas durante el periodo preerradicatorio, se propone como solucion durante este lapso el empleo de los bloqueantes de los receptores B adrenergicos (propanolol) en forma simultanea a la escleroterapia

Assuntos

RESUMO

By means of fiberendoscopic injection sclerotherapy, it was possible to achieve eradication of esophageal varices in 18 patients. At the onset of treatment 9 patients had small varices (grade II) and other 9 had big varices (grade III). It was found in the big varices group there was needed more courses (p less than 0.01) and a greater amount of sclerosing agent (p less than 0.001) than in the group with small varices. Since those patients with big varices required more courses and more volume of sclerosing agent, and in fact they have more risk to rebleed during the pre-eradication period. It is proposed as a solution during this period, the use of a B receptor blocking agent (Propranolol) simultaneously with sclerotherapy.

RESUMO

Mediante tratamiento esclerosante fibroendoscopico, se logro en 18 pacientes la erradicacion de sus varices esofagicas.Nueve pacientes presentaban al inicio de la terapeutica varices pequenas (grado III) y otros nueve varices grandes (grado III). Se comprueba que el grupo con varices grandes, requieren en forma estadisticamente significativa (p <0,01) mayor cantidad de sesiones y (p < 0.001) mayor volumen de esclerosante que el grupo con varices pequenas. Al requerir estos pacientes con varios esofagicas grandes mas sesiones y volumen de agente esclerosante, y ser al mismo tiempo los que tienen mayor riesgo de presentar recidivas hemorragicas durante el periodo preerradicatorio, se propone como solucion durante este lapso el empleo de los bloqueantes de los receptores B adrenergicos (propanolol) en forma simultanea a la escleroterapia

Assuntos