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In this work, both undoped and Thulium (Tm3+) doped (0.3-10 mol%) magnesium pyrophosphate (Mg2P2O7) powders were synthesized by the solvent evaporation method to study their photo-and thermoluminescent properties. Two crystalline phases were observed in the powders by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), the main phase being Mg2P2O7 and the second one thulium phosphate (TmPO4). The superficial morphology was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed that the powders are agglomerates with an undefined form and grains with non-uniform size distribution. The photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra of Tm3+ doped powders show the 1D2 â 3F4 transition, associated with Tm3+ ions, at 452 and 458 nm. The thermoluminescence (TL) properties were analyzed in the undoped and Tm3+ doped powders exposed to 90Sr beta source. The TL glow curve of Tm3+ doped powders exhibits three maxima at about â64-66 °C, â198-202 °C, and â301 °C. The TL dose-response is sub-linear from 0.11 to 0.54 Gy, linear between 0.79 and 24.95 Gy, and supra-linear from 34.99 to 599.95 Gy. Acceptable repeatability with a coefficient of variation of â¼1% was obtained after ten cycles of irradiation and readout. At 63 d of storage, the powders show fading of 30%, and at 1.6 years (585 d), the integrated TL intensity decays by 47%. The kinetic parameters of activation energy and frequency factor were evaluated using the Initial Rise, Booth, Bohun, and Porfianovitch (BBP) and Hoogenstraaten methods and Glow Curve Deconvolution with a general order kinetic model.
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This study focuses on the radiolysis (up to 36 kGy) of guanine and adenine (nitrogenous bases) adsorbed in hectorite and attapulgite to highlight the potential role of clays as protective agents against ionizing radiation in prebiotic processes. In this framework, the study investigated the nitrogenous bases' behavior in two types of systems: a) aqueous suspension of adenine-clay systems and b) guanine-clay systems in the solid state. This research utilized spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques for its analytical purposes. Regardless of the reaction medium conditions, the results reveal that nitrogenous bases are stable under ionizing irradiation when adsorbed on both clays.
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INTRODUCTION: The questionnaire Hospital for Special Surgery Shoulder Surgery Expectations Survey (HSS-ES) is a tool used to assess the preoperative expectations of patients with shoulder pathologies. The purpose of this study is to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Spanish version of the HSS-ES questionnaire to assess preoperative expectations in Spanish-speaking patients. METHODOLOGY: Questionnaire validation study, using a structured method where a survey-type tool was processed, evaluated and validated. The study involved 70 patients from the shoulder surgery outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital, with shoulder pathologies requiring surgery. RESULTS: The version of the questionnaire translated into Spanish presented a very good internal consistency with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.94 and a very good reproducibility with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.99. CONCLUSION: The HSS-ES questionnaire presents an adequate intragroup validation and a strong intergroup correlation according to the internal consistency analysis of the questionnaire and the ICC. Therefore, it is considered an adequate questionnaire to use in the Spanish-speaking population.
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INTRODUCTION: The questionnaire Hospital for Special Surgery Shoulder Surgery Expectations Survey (HSS-ES) is a tool used to assess the preoperative expectations of patients with shoulder pathologies. The purpose of this study is to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Spanish version of the HSS-ES questionnaire to assess preoperative expectations in Spanish-speaking patients. METHODOLOGY: Questionnaire validation study, using a structured method where a survey-type tool was processed, evaluated and validated. The study involved 70 patients from the shoulder surgery outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital, with shoulder pathologies requiring surgery. RESULTS: The version of the questionnaire translated into Spanish presented a very good internal consistency with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.94 and a very good reproducibility with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.99. CONCLUSION: The HSS-ES questionnaire presents an adequate intragroup validation and a strong intergroup correlation according to the internal consistency analysis of the questionnaire and the ICC. Therefore, it is considered an adequate questionnaire to use in the Spanish-speaking population.
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This work reports on the thermoluminescence (TL) properties and detection of contaminating minerals isolated from Mexican cocoa beans irradiated with gamma radiation and stored for 4 years. Contaminating minerals isolated from cocoa beans consisting of quartz, diopside, plagioclase, albite, and iron oxide with irregular and rectangular grains and average length of 135 µm. Cocoa beans are detected as irradiated even after 4 years of storage using the shape and maximum temperature of the TL glow curve of contaminating minerals. The TL properties of dose-response, and fading of minerals were also analysed. The TL dose-response is linear from 5 to 100 Gy, supra-linear between 250 and 1000 Gy, and sub-linear above 1500 Gy. Based on the TL1/TL2 ratio the minerals are identified as irradiated from 250 Gy to 4500 Gy in the dose-response test and after different storage times in the darkness at room temperature. A continuum trap distribution can be associated with the TL glow curve of minerals using the Tm-Tstop method. First order kinetic peaks were used in the Glow Curve Deconvolution of natural and irradiated (1 and 10 kGy) TL curves.
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Quartzo , Raios gama , TemperaturaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: In the last decades sports practice in children has increased, thus increasing the number of musculoskeletal injuries. There are no validated scales in Spanish for the functional evaluation of knee aspects in children. The validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Pedi-IKDC scale to Spanish, used for this purpose, was carried out. METHODOLOGY: The scale was applied to 50 patients that suffered traumatic knee injuries between 2016 and 2021 and underwent surgical interventions. The validation process of the scale was carried out after a pilot test, cross-cultural adaptation of words into Spanish, translation-retranslation, statistical, determination of internal consistency of the instrument, intraclass correlation, test-retest and evaluation of data dispersion. RESULTS: The internal consistency of the evaluated instrument is good according to the Gregory scale with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.82 The intraclass correlation was considered substantial (0.624) and the test-retest correlation, showed a coefficient of 0.91. The Bland-Altman graph showed a low dispersion among the data. CONCLUSION: The Pedi-IKDC scale can be a useful tool to assess functionality in children who have undergone knee surgery, it is considered valid, with adequate reliability and with the advantage of easy application.
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INTRODUCTION: In the last decades sports practice in children has increased, thus increasing the number of musculoskeletal injuries. There are no validated scales in Spanish for the functional evaluation of knee aspects in children. The validation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Pedi-IKDC scale to Spanish, used for this purpose, was carried out. METHODOLOGY: The scale was applied to 50 patients that suffered traumatic knee injuries between 2016 and 2021 and underwent surgical interventions. The validation process of the scale was carried out after a pilot test, cross-cultural adaptation of words into Spanish, translation-retranslation, statistical, determination of internal consistency of the instrument, intraclass correlation, test-retest and evaluation of data dispersion. RESULTS: The internal consistency of the evaluated instrument is good according to the Gregory scale with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.82 The intraclass correlation was considered substantial (0.624) and the test-retest correlation, showed a coefficient of 0.91. The Bland-Altman graph showed a low dispersion among the data. CONCLUSION: The Pedi-IKDC scale can be a useful tool to assess functionality in children who have undergone knee surgery, it is considered valid, with adequate reliability and with the advantage of easy application.
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Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, and it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Latin America. There are no vaccines, and the chemotherapy available to treat this infection has serious side effects. In a search for alternative treatments, we determined the in vitro susceptibility of epimastigote and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi and the cytotoxic effects on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of ethanolic extracts obtained from six different plant species. The ethanolic extracts of Ageratina vacciniaefolia, Clethra fimbriata and Siparuna sessiliflora showed antiprotozoal activity against epimastigotes and low cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. However, only the ethanolic extract of C. fimbriata showed activity against T. cruzi trypomastigotes, and it had low cytotoxicity in PBMCs. An analysis on the phytochemical composition of C. fimbriata extract showed that its metabolites were primarily represented by two families of compounds: flavonoids and terpenoids. Lastly, we analyzed whether the A. vacciniaefolia, C. fimbriata, or S. sessiliflora ethanolic extracts induced IFN-γ or TNF-α production. Significantly, ethanolic extracts of C. fimbriata induced TNF-α production and S. sessiliflora induced both cytokines. In addition, C. fimbriata and S. sessiliflora induced the simultaneous secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α in CD8+ T cells. The antiprotozoal and immunomodulatory activity of C. fimbriata may be related to the presence of flavonoid and triterpene compounds in the extract. Thus, these findings suggest that C. fimbriata may represent a valuable source of new bioactive compounds for the therapeutic treatment of Chagas disease that combines trypanocidal activity with the capacity to boost the immune response.
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Doença de Chagas/tratamento farmacológico , Leucócitos Mononucleares/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Ageratina/química , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/metabolismo , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Clethraceae/química , Colômbia , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Interferon gama/metabolismo , Laurales/química , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The variability in the host immune response directed against dengue virus (DENV) has demonstrated the need to understand the immune response associated with protection in incident infection. The objective was to estimate the association between serostatus and the risk of incident DENV infection. We used a prospective study from 2014 to 2016 in the localities of Axochiapan and Tepalcingo, Morelos, Mexico. We recruited 966 participants, of which, according to their infection history registered were categorized in four groups. To accomplish the objectives of this study, we selected to 400 participants older than 5 years of age were followed for 2.5 years. Blood samples were taken every 6 months to measure serological status and infection by ELISA. In individuals with at least two previous infections the risk of new infection was lower compared to a seronegative group (hazard ratio adjusted 0.49, 95% CI 0.24-0.98), adjusted for age and locality. Therefore, individuals who have been exposed two times or more to a DENV infection have a lower risk of re-infection, thus showing the role of cross-immunity and its association with protection.
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Dengue/epidemiologia , Doenças Endêmicas , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Dengue/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
RESUMEN Objetivo: comparar el perfil lipídico en equinos y analizar la correlación entre las cantidades lipídicas del suero de cuatro grupos. Materiales y Métodos: se obtuvieron muestras de sangre de 160 equinos en estado de ayuno, los cuales se diferenciaron por sexo y edad sin discriminar la raza así: machos jóvenes (40) y adultos (40), y hembras jóvenes (40) y adultas (40), las hembras no estaban preñadas; se determinaron los niveles de triglicéridos (TG), colesterol total (CT) y el colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad (C-HDL) mediante el método enzimático colorimétrico. El colesterol de las lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (C-VLDL) y de baja densidad (C-LDL) se determinó usando las fórmulas de Friedewald. Los resultados se compararon mediante un análisis estadístico de Anova simple con el programa estadístico IBM SPSS Statistics 23®, donde se aceptaba diferencia estadísticamente significativa cuando p < 0,05. Resultados: las variables de CT, TG, C-HDL, C-LDL y C-VLDL del total de la población de acuerdo a la media y desviación estándar mostraron valores expresados en mg/dl de 100,3 ± 12,89; 45,59 ± 11,95; 62,03 ± 10,88; 27,91 ± 6,48; 9,11 ± 2. Al comparar los 4 grupos se encontró diferencia significativa en el C-HDL en los adultos (p-valor: 0,031), siendo mayor en las hembras adultas. Conclusiones: se presenta una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre género para C-HDL siendo más alto en hembras adultas, mientras que para el resto de los elementos analizados (TG, CT, C-LDL, C-VLDL) no se encontró diferencia significativa entre género y edad.
ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the lipid profile in equines and to analyze the correlation bet-ween serum lipid amounts of four groups. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 160 horses in the fasting state, they were differentiated by sex and age without discriminating race as follows: young (40) and adult males (40) and young (40) and adult females (40), the females were not pregnant; the levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined by the enzymatic colorimetric method. Very low density (C-VLDL) and low density (LDL-C) lipoprotein cholesterol was determined using the Friedewald formula. The results were compared using a statistical analysis of SIMPLE ANOVA with the statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics 23®, where a statistically significant difference was accepted when P < 0.05. Results: The variables of CT, TG, C-HDL, C-LDL and C-VLDL of the total population according to mean and standard deviation showed values expressed in mg/dl of100.3 ± 12.89; 45.59 ± 11.95; 62.03 ± 10.88; 27.91 ± 6.48; 9.11 ± 2. When comparing the 4 groups we found a significant difference in HDL-C in adults (p-value: 0.031), being higher in adult females. Conclusions: a statistically significant difference between genotype for HDL-C was found to be higher in adult females, whereas for the rest of the analyzed elements (TG, CT, C-LDL, C-VLDL) no significant difference between gender and age was found.
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Animais , Triglicerídeos , Colesterol , Colorimetria , Soro , Distribuição por Idade e Sexo , Cavalos , Lipídeos , Metabolismo , Sangue , JejumRESUMO
Within livestock production, enteric diseases play an important role, since they cause severe economic losses due to mortality, growth depression, and reduction in the conversion rate. Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria spp. is a parasitic disease of high morbidity that affects various animal species, including sheep. In sheep, eleven species of Eimeria have been identified mainly through microscopical identification of the oocysts; however, this technique has certain limitations that make it difficult to identify the different Eimeria species. The objective of the present study was to morphologically identify the eleven species of Eimeria that infect sheep in the southeastern region of the State of Mexico, as well as obtain the partial sequence of the ITS-1 rRNA region of each species and analyze it phylogenetically. A total of 412 samples were collected from the 13 municipalities that comprise the region I of the State of Mexico, out of which, 40 had approximately 80% of a single Eimeria species. Among these, the eleven Eimeria species reported in sheep were identified. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the species reported in this study are associated with those reported in rabbits, bovines, and birds. It is suggested that the phylogenetic division of sheep in two clades may be associated with the presence or absence of the residual body. It is proposed that the present methodology can be used effectively for diagnosis and to obtain information about the epidemiology of ovine coccidial infection. The results obtained in this study constitute the first report of the ITS-1 region of the eleven Eimeria species that infect sheep worldwide.
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Coccidiose/veterinária , Eimeria/classificação , Eimeria/genética , Doenças dos Ovinos/parasitologia , Animais , Bovinos , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Eimeria/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/parasitologia , Gado/parasitologia , México , Oocistos , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico/genética , Coelhos , Ovinos/parasitologiaRESUMO
Neuroprotective effects of short prolactin (PRL) pre-treatment against kainic acid (KA)-induced damage include neuron loss avoidance in all hippocampal regions and attenuation of seizures. Recent evidence points PRL receptor (PRL-R) as mediator of such neuroprotective effects and seizures as regulators of neuronal marker transcript expression in the hippocampus. Here, we investigated if a daily PRL dose of 100 µg or vehicle for 14 days in ovariectomized rats (OVX) prevents neuron loss induced by KA administered on the third day of PRL treatment in a systemic single dose of 7.5 mg/kg or vehicle, and promotes PRL-R, vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) expression changes in the hippocampus of sacrificed rats 27 days after the KA administration. Immunostaining for Neu-N and PRL-R revealed significant neuron number and PRL-R expression reduction induced by KA that was prevented and turned into overexpression respectively in all hippocampal regions when PRL was added; while VGLUT1,and GAD65 immunostaining displayed expression decrease in the CA1 of injured rats, prevented in the last case and turned into VGLUT1, overexpression when administered PRL. These data indicate that chronic PRL administration before damage induces hippocampal neuroprotection associated with PRL-R and VGLUT1 overexpression, the latter in a regiondependent way.
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Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Caínico/toxicidade , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/administração & dosagem , Prolactina/administração & dosagem , Receptores da Prolactina/metabolismo , Proteína Vesicular 1 de Transporte de Glutamato/metabolismo , Animais , Agonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/toxicidade , Feminino , Glutamato Descarboxilase/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Hipocampo/patologia , Neurônios/metabolismo , RatosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Cephalomedullary nails are used for the treatment of hip fractures; however, there are few studies that allow identifying data on the complications of the use of these devices and the results in terms of restoration of the functionality of the patient. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of patients with femur fracture was conducted during the period from January 2008 to December 2012. Data on demographic and clinical variables were collected. Telephone follow-up was performed up to six postoperative months. A descriptive analysis was done using absolute and relative frequency measurements. Quantitative variables are presented with averages and standard deviation or median and interquartile range, according to the normality of the data. RESULTS: 82.9% of the patients managed to walk with or without help within six months after surgery; anemia (16.2%), urinary tract infection (9.7%), pneumonia (9.5%) and myocardial infarction (0.7%) were the main complications. Of the patients included, 57.1% had an ASA level 3; a mortality rate of 16% was identified. DISCUSSION: Cephalomedullary nails show positive results regarding recovery of functional mobility and a low prevalence of complications, with similar mortality to that reported in the literature at 6 months of follow up.
INTRODUCCIÓN: El clavo cefalomedular es utilizado para el tratamiento de la fractura de cadera; sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que permitan identificar datos sobre las complicaciones del uso de estos dispositivos y los resultados en términos de restauración de la funcionalidad del paciente. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en pacientes con fractura de fémur durante el período de Enero de 2008 a Diciembre de 2012. Se recopiló información de variables demográficas y clínicas. Se llevó a cabo un seguimiento telefónico hasta seis meses postoperatorios. Se efectuó un análisis descriptivo utilizando medidas de frecuencia absolutas y relativas. Las variables cuantitativas se presentan con promedios y desviación estándar o mediana y rango intercuartil, según la normalidad de los datos. RESULTADOS: De los pacientes, 82.9% logró caminar con o sin ayuda dentro de los seis meses posteriores a la cirugía. El tiempo de hospitalización fue de cuatro días en promedio; las principales complicaciones fueron anemia (16.2%), infección urinaria (9.7%), neumonía (9.5%) e infarto del miocardio (0.7%). De quienes fueron incluidos, 57.1% tenían un nivel ASA 3; se identificó una mortalidad de 16% en ellos. DISCUSIÓN: El clavo cefalomedular muestra resultados positivos en cuanto a recuperación funcional de la movilidad y una baja prevalencia de complicaciones, con una mortalidad similar a la reportada en la literatura dentro de los primeros 6 meses de nuestro seguimiento.
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Pinos Ortopédicos , Fraturas do Fêmur , Fixação Intramedular de Fraturas , Fraturas do Quadril , Estudos Transversais , Fraturas do Fêmur/cirurgia , Fraturas do Quadril/cirurgia , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Resumen: Introducción: El clavo cefalomedular es utilizado para el tratamiento de la fractura de cadera; sin embargo, existen pocos estudios que permitan identificar datos sobre las complicaciones del uso de estos dispositivos y los resultados en términos de restauración de la funcionalidad del paciente. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en pacientes con fractura de fémur durante el período de Enero de 2008 a Diciembre de 2012. Se recopiló información de variables demográficas y clínicas. Se llevó a cabo un seguimiento telefónico hasta seis meses postoperatorios. Se efectuó un análisis descriptivo utilizando medidas de frecuencia absolutas y relativas. Las variables cuantitativas se presentan con promedios y desviación estándar o mediana y rango intercuartil, según la normalidad de los datos. Resultados: De los pacientes, 82.9% logró caminar con o sin ayuda dentro de los seis meses posteriores a la cirugía. El tiempo de hospitalización fue de cuatro días en promedio; las principales complicaciones fueron anemia (16.2%), infección urinaria (9.7%), neumonía (9.5%) e infarto del miocardio (0.7%). De quienes fueron incluidos, 57.1% tenían un nivel ASA ≥ 3; se identificó una mortalidad de 16% en ellos. Discusión: El clavo cefalomedular muestra resultados positivos en cuanto a recuperación funcional de la movilidad y una baja prevalencia de complicaciones, con una mortalidad similar a la reportada en la literatura dentro de los primeros 6 meses de nuestro seguimiento.
Abstract: Introduction: Cephalomedullary nails are used for the treatment of hip fractures; however, there are few studies that allow identifying data on the complications of the use of these devices and the results in terms of restoration of the functionality of the patient. Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients with femur fracture was conducted during the period from January 2008 to December 2012. Data on demographic and clinical variables were collected. Telephone follow-up was performed up to six postoperative months. A descriptive analysis was done using absolute and relative frequency measurements. Quantitative variables are presented with averages and standard deviation or median and interquartile range, according to the normality of the data. Results: 82.9% of the patients managed to walk with or without help within six months after surgery; anemia (16.2%), urinary tract infection (9.7%), pneumonia (9.5%) and myocardial infarction (0.7%) were the main complications. Of the patients included, 57.1% had an ASA level ≥ 3; a mortality rate of 16% was identified. Discussion: Cephalomedullary nails show positive results regarding recovery of functional mobility and a low prevalence of complications, with similar mortality to that reported in the literature at 6 months of follow up.
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Humanos , Pinos Ortopédicos , Fraturas do Fêmur/cirurgia , Fixação Intramedular de Fraturas , Fraturas do Quadril/cirurgia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Transversais , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Cryptorchidism is a frequent genitourinary malformation considered as an important risk factor for infertility and testicular malignancy. The aetiology of cryptorchidism is multifactorial in which certain SNPs, capable of inhibiting the development of the gubernaculum, are implicated. We analysed 16 SNPs by allelic discrimination and automated sequencing in 85 patients and 99 healthy people, with the objective to identify the association between these variants and isolated cryptorchidism. In two different patients with unilateral cryptorchidism, we found the variants rs121912556 and p.R105R of INSL3 gene in a heterozygous form associated with cryptorchidism, so we could considered them as risk factors for cryptorchidism. On the other hand, SNPs rs10421916 of INSL3 gene, as well as the variants rs1555633 and rs7325513 in the RXFP2 gene, and rs3779456 variant of the HOXA10 gene were statistically significant, when the patients and controls were compared and could be considered as protective factors since are predominantly present in controls. The genotype-phenotype correlation did not show statistical significance. With these results, we could conclude that these polymorphisms can be considered as important variants in our population and would contribute in the future knowledge of the aetiology and physiopathology of cryptorchidism.
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Criptorquidismo/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Adolescente , Alelos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos de Associação Genética , Haplótipos , Proteínas Homeobox A10 , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Humanos , Lactente , Insulina/sangue , Insulina/genética , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Masculino , México , Proteínas/genética , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/genéticaRESUMO
In BALB/c adult mice, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection enhances the degree of lung inflammation before and/or after ovalbumin (OVA) respiratory sensitization. However, it is unclear whether RSV infection in newborn mice has an effect on the immune response to OVA respiratory sensitization in adult mice. The aim of this study was to determine if RSV neonatal infection alters T CD4(+) population and lung inflammation during OVA respiratory sensitization in adult mice. BALB/c mice were infected with RSV on the fourth day of life and challenged by OVA 4 weeks later. We found that in adult mice, RSV neonatal infection prior to OVA sensitization reduces the CD4(+) CD25(+) and CD4(+) CD25(+) forkhead protein 3 (FoxP3)(+) cell populations in the lungs and bronchoalveolar lavage. Furthermore, it also attenuates the inflammatory infiltrate and cytokine/chemokine expression levels in the mouse airways. In conclusion, the magnitude of the immune response to a non-viral respiratory perturbation in adult mice is not enhanced by a neonatal RSV infection.
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Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Subunidade alfa de Receptor de Interleucina-2/imunologia , Ovalbumina/imunologia , Pneumonia/imunologia , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/imunologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/citologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/imunologia , Citocinas/genética , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/imunologia , Imunização , Pulmão/imunologia , Pulmão/virologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Pneumonia/virologia , Vírus Sinciciais Respiratórios/imunologiaRESUMO
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been shown to provide beneficial effects on health; however, the amount consumed in food is far from that required for the desired effects. Thus, increasing the CLA content in dairy foods through milk fermentation with specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) offers an interesting alternative. Moreover, some LAB may be able to adhere to the intestinal mucosa and produce CLA through endogenous synthesis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to screen LAB isolates for their ability to produce CLA in skim milk and in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Additionally, the ability of selected CLA-producing LAB to adhere to the intestinal mucosa in a murine model was assessed. Results showed that of 13 strains of Lactobacillus tested, only 4 were able to produce CLA in skim milk supplemented with linoleic acid (13.44 ± 0.78 to 50.9 ± 0.26 µg/mL). Furthermore, these 4 Lactobacillus strains were able to survive and produce CLA in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and to adhere to the intestinal mucosa of Wistar rats after 7 d of oral inoculation with fluorescently labeled bacteria. Accordingly, these 4 Lactobacillus strains may be used to manufacture fermented dairy foods to increase CLA content, and consumption of these fermented milks may result in CLA produced endogenously by these LAB.
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Intestino Delgado/microbiologia , Lactobacillus/fisiologia , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/metabolismo , Leite/química , Animais , Aderência Bacteriana , Produtos Fermentados do Leite/química , Fermentação , Lactobacillus/genética , Masculino , Leite/microbiologia , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar/metabolismo , Ratos Wistar/microbiologiaRESUMO
Determinar la prevalencia de ameloblastoma en el Servicio de Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, durante el periodo enero 1998 û julio 2012. Materiales y métodos. El diseño de investigación fue observacional, descriptivo, de tipo retrospectivo y transversal. La información fue recolectada de historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de ameloblastoma que se realizaron todo el tratamiento dentro del Hospital (preoperatorio, cirugía, posoperatorio y evolución). Resultados. Se determinó que el mayor número de casos se presentó durante la tercera década de vida, el sexo masculino predominó con un 90%, el sector más afectado fue el posterior mandibular con un 70 %, la resección tumoral en bloque fue el tipo de procedimiento más utilizado con un 40%, ningún caso reportó recidivas. Se determinó que el signo principal fue el incremento de volumen y dolor con un 80 y 50% respectivamente, el tamaño promedio del tumor estuvo comprendido entre 6 û 10 cm de longitud,solo el 10% de los casos fueron de evolución desfavorable. Conclusiones. Se encontró que el ameloblastoma es un tumor poco frecuente, se presenta, en promedio, un caso por año y está presente con mayor frecuencia en pacientes varones de raza mestiza entre 21 û 30 años procedentes de la costa peruana, este tumor mide en promedio 6-10 cm de largo por 1-5 cm de alto, estando ubicado con mayor frecuencia en la zona posterior mandíbular, siendo su cuadro clínico es el aumento de volumen seguido de dolor y movilidad dentaria...
To determine the prevalence of ameloblastoma at the Surgery Service of Head and Neck of the Dos de Mayo National Hospital during the period of January 1988-july 2012. Materials and methods. The research design of this study was retrospective. The information was collected from medical records with a diagnosis of ameloblastoma that were made throughout the treatment in the Hospital (Pre- surgery, surgery, post- surgery and evolution). Results. We found that the largest number of cases occurred during the third decade of life ,the male sex had a predominance of 90%, the sector most affected was the mandibular posterior area with 70%, tumor resection still block the most common type of procedure corresponding to 40%, no case reported recurrence . It was determined that the main sign was the increase in volume and pain occurring in 80% and 50% of cases respectively, the averagetumor size could be determined between 6 to 10 cm long, only 10% of cases were still unfavorable. Conclusions. We found that the ameloblastoma is a rare pathology, occurring in an average of 1 case per year, being present more frequently in male patients of mixed race between 21 to 30 years old from the Peruvian coast, we found this pathology average length 6-10 cm long and 1-5 cm high, being more frequently located in the posterior mandible, and its predominant clinical volume increase followed by pain and tooth mobility...
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Ameloblastoma , Boca , Arcada Osseodentária , Prevalência , Tumor Odontogênico Escamoso , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Observacionais como AssuntoRESUMO
Pyrimethamine (PYR) is a drug used in the treatment of newborn with congenital Toxoplasmosis. Even when PYR is highly specific against parasites, it may provoke neutropenia in the patients apart from other affectations, conditions that usually justify its suspension. Moreover, medication against congenital toxoplasmosis coincides with the proliferation stage of Sertoli and germ cells. Although, there are several reports on the effect of this drug on mature testes, records of its effects on the testes of young individuals yet in the process of growth are still lacking. This work was aimed to study the effects of in vivo administration of PYR in the first 21 days of life of male rat pups by evaluating their testicular alterations and its long-term sequels on fertility. Through the determination of the levels of seminiferous epithelium maturity, apoptotic index and cell proliferation index at 7, 14, 35 and 90 days post-natal using immunocytochemical studies. The fertility of the treated rats was evaluated at 90 days. PYR-treated animals were found to undergo some kind of delays in seminiferous epithelium maturity, decreased cell proliferation index and an increase in apoptosis when compared with the control (p < 0.05). Epididymal sperm counts were also affected (p < 0.05). The application of folic acid (FA) in newborns treated with PYR decreased the severity of the problem (p < 0.05). This study provides strong evidence that the effect of PYR on testicular development is specific. It reinforces the importance of FA application in neonates treated with PYR to prevent the effect of the later on spermatogenesis.
Assuntos
Fertilidade/efeitos dos fármacos , Antagonistas do Ácido Fólico/efeitos adversos , Pirimetamina/efeitos adversos , Epitélio Seminífero/efeitos dos fármacos , Testículo/patologia , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Ácido Fólico/farmacologia , Antagonistas do Ácido Fólico/farmacologia , Masculino , Pirimetamina/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Células de Sertoli/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Testículo/citologia , Toxoplasmose/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
The epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women in rural Mexico is largely unknown. The seroepidemiology of T. gondii infection in 439 pregnant women from 9 communities in rural Durango State, Mexico was investigated. Using commercial enzyme-linked immunoassays, sera were tested for T. gondii IgG, IgM, and avidity antibodies. Prevalences of T. gondii IgG antibodies in the communities varied from 0% to 20%. Overall, 36 (8.2%) of the 439 women had IgG T. gondii antibodies. Ten (2.3%) women had also T. gondii IgM antibodies; IgG avidity was high in all IgM-positive women, suggesting chronic infection. None of the women, however, had delivered a known T. gondii-infected child. The seroprevalence was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in women from low socio-economic conditions (14%) than in those with higher socio-economic status (6.6%). Multivariate analysis showed that T. gondii infection was associated with soil floors at home (adjusted OR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.12-7.49). This is the first epidemiological study of T. gondii infection in pregnant women in rural Mexico.