RESUMO
Anaphylactic shock can be defined as an acute syndrome, and it is the most severe clinical manifestation of allergic diseases. Anaphylactoid reactions are similar to anaphylactic events but differ in the pathophysiological mechanism. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibitors during anaphylaxis suggest that NO might decrease the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis but exacerbate associated vasodilation. Therefore, blocking the effects of NO on vascular smooth muscle by inhibiting the guanylate cyclase (GC) would be a reasonable strategy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of NO/cGMP pathway inhibitors methylene blue (MB), Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), and indigo carmine (IC) in shock induced by compound 48/80 (C48/80) in rats. The effect was assessed by invasive blood pressure measurement. Shock was initiated by C48/80 intravenous bolus injection 5 min before (prophylactic) or after (treatment) the administration of the inhibitors MB (3 mg/kg), L-NAME (1 mg/kg), and IC (3 mg/kg). Of the groups that received drugs as prophylaxis for shock, only the IC group did not present the final systolic blood pressure (SBP) better than the C48/80 group. Regarding shock treatment with the drugs tested, all groups had the final SBP similar to the C48/80group. Altogether, our results suggested that inhibition of GC and NO synthase in NO production pathway was not sufficient to revert hypotension or significantly improve survival.
Assuntos
Anafilaxia/tratamento farmacológico , GMP Cíclico/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores Enzimáticos/administração & dosagem , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxido Nítrico/antagonistas & inibidores , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Índigo Carmim/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Azul de Metileno/administração & dosagem , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Anaphylactic shock can be defined as an acute syndrome, and it is the most severe clinical manifestation of allergic diseases. Anaphylactoid reactions are similar to anaphylactic events but differ in the pathophysiological mechanism. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibitors during anaphylaxis suggest that NO might decrease the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis but exacerbate associated vasodilation. Therefore, blocking the effects of NO on vascular smooth muscle by inhibiting the guanylate cyclase (GC) would be a reasonable strategy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of NO/cGMP pathway inhibitors methylene blue (MB), Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), and indigo carmine (IC) in shock induced by compound 48/80 (C48/80) in rats. The effect was assessed by invasive blood pressure measurement. Shock was initiated by C48/80 intravenous bolus injection 5 min before (prophylactic) or after (treatment) the administration of the inhibitors MB (3 mg/kg), L-NAME (1 mg/kg), and IC (3 mg/kg). Of the groups that received drugs as prophylaxis for shock, only the IC group did not present the final systolic blood pressure (SBP) better than the C48/80 group. Regarding shock treatment with the drugs tested, all groups had the final SBP similar to the C48/80group. Altogether, our results suggested that inhibition of GC and NO synthase in NO production pathway was not sufficient to revert hypotension or significantly improve survival.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , GMP Cíclico/antagonistas & inibidores , Inibidores Enzimáticos/administração & dosagem , Anafilaxia/tratamento farmacológico , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxido Nítrico/antagonistas & inibidores , Ratos Wistar , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/administração & dosagem , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Índigo Carmim/administração & dosagem , Azul de Metileno/administração & dosagemRESUMO
This study evaluated the photodynamic inactivation (PDI) mediated by Photodithazine(®) (PDZ) against 15 clinical isolates of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis. Each isolate, in planktonic and biofilm form, was exposed to PDI by assessing a range of PDZ concentrations and light emitting diode fluences. Cell survival of the planktonic suspensions was determined by colony forming units (CFU ml(-1)). The antifungal effects of PDI against biofilms were evaluated by CFU ml(-1) and metabolic assay. Data were analyzed by non-parametric tests (α = 0.05). Regardless of the species, PDI promoted a significant viability reduction of planktonic yeasts. The highest reduction in cell viability of the biofilms was equivalent to 0.9 log10 (CFU ml(-1)) for C. albicans, while 1.4 and 1.5 log10 reductions were obtained for C. tropicalis and C. glabrata, respectively. PDI reduced the metabolic activity of biofilms by 62.1, 76.0, and 76.9% for C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata, respectively. PDZ-mediated PDI promoted significant reduction in the viability of Candida isolates.
Assuntos
Biofilmes/efeitos dos fármacos , Biofilmes/efeitos da radiação , Candida/fisiologia , Fungicidas Industriais/farmacologia , Glucosamina/análogos & derivados , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/efeitos da radiação , Candida albicans , Candida glabrata , Candida tropicalis , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Glucosamina/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Plâncton/efeitos dos fármacos , Plâncton/microbiologia , Plâncton/efeitos da radiação , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Evaluation of molar dental restorations on enamel is performed using optical coherence tomography (OCT) with 10 microm resolution. Images of approximately 50 microm failure gaps in the restorations are demonstrated and the OCT images are compared with x-ray and optical microscopy pictures. The results demonstrate the potential of the technique for clinical evaluation of dental restorations.
Assuntos
Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Esmalte Dentário/cirurgia , Desgaste de Restauração Dentária , Análise de Falha de Equipamento/métodos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Dente Molar/patologia , Dente Molar/cirurgia , Algoritmos , Diagnóstico Bucal/métodos , Estudos de Viabilidade , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Prognóstico , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The distributed gain of single- and dual-wavelength-pumped thulium-doped fiber amplifiers is modeled. The excellent agreement between the model and coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry measurements enables us to estimate intrinsic loss, branching ratios of fluorescence originating from the 3H4 level, and cross sections of upconversion pumping at 1050 and 1410 nm for the Tm3+ ions in the fiber. With the branching ratios obtained it is possible to describe induced signal absorption when pumping at 800 nm.
RESUMO
Using optical frequency-domain reflectometry to reveal the gain distribution and allow us to optimize a thulium-doped fiber amplifier, we have demonstrated 18-dB gain by employing only 5 m of a 2000-parts-in-10(6)-Tm-doped fiber pumped with 145 mW of power at dual wavelengths of 800 and 1050 nm. The role of the 800-nm pump, which by itself does not permit population inversion, was clearly observed experimentally.
RESUMO
The purposes of this descriptive study are to transmit a philosophy of preserving the Nursing memory, to present the criteria observed in the organization and preservation of documentary collection and last but not least to share the experience of organizing a Documentary Center. Besides presenting the techniques to be used while dealing with documentary collection, attention is also drawn to environmental issues as well as the user's behavior in the aforementioned Center, whose importance as a source of information and research to several areas of human knowledge is emphasized.
Assuntos
Documentação/métodos , Escolas de Enfermagem , BrasilRESUMO
Os autores fazem uma revisäo atualizada sobre a neurocisticercose. Foram revisados os aspectos epidemiológicos, patológicos, as manifestaçöes clínicas, diagnóstico, tratamento, prognóstico e a profilaxia desta importante doença neurológica
Assuntos
Humanos , Cisticercose , Cisticercose/diagnóstico , Cisticercose/etiologia , Cisticercose/terapia , Albendazol/uso terapêutico , Cisticercose , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , Prognóstico , TomografiaRESUMO
The composition of the alcohol soluble proteins (prolamins) obtained from buckwheat meal and common wheat flour by two procedures were analysed by electrophoresis at pH 3.1 and, after dissociation, in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate at pH 8. The profiles obtained from the prolamin fraction of buckwheat were very different, qualitatively and quantitatively, from those of the prolamin of common wheat. It is probable therefore that the adverse effects associated with the presence of wheat gliadin in diets of patients with celiac disease would be reduced and possibly avoided if wheat flour were replaced by flour from buckwheat.
Assuntos
Grão Comestível/química , Farinha/análise , Proteínas de Plantas/análise , Triticum/química , Doença Celíaca/dietoterapia , Doença Celíaca/prevenção & controle , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Gliadina/efeitos adversos , Concentração de Íons de HidrogênioRESUMO
Investigation about the perception and knowledge of the nursing graduation students with respect to scientific research and its use. The method is qualitative-analysis of the contents. The environment is a public nursing school in Rio de Janeiro, the sample consists of 36 students and the tool is a list of 6 questions. The students have a relative scientific research knowledge absorbed along the graduation, mainly from 6th period. They think that the scientific method is important to their development. They choose Research Introduction course as a manner of learning, to develop monographs, to increase their professional skill and to get credits.
Assuntos
Bacharelado em Enfermagem , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/educação , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Brasil , Avaliação Educacional/métodos , Humanos , Pesquisa em Enfermagem/métodos , Estudantes de Enfermagem/psicologiaRESUMO
Se informa de 2 casos de micosis superficiales causados por Trichosporon beigelii, observados en personal militar y uno en un homosexual, en Sao Paulo, Brasil
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças dos Genitais Masculinos/parasitologia , Micoses/diagnóstico , Brasil , Cabelo/parasitologia , Trichosporon/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Os autores analisam a prevalencia de dermatofitos em Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, atraves dos resultados de 3.513 exames micologicos. Chamam a atencao para o predominio de Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes e Epidermophyton floccosum como os principais causadores de tinhas em nossa regiao, apesar da sua frequencia no solo desta cidade