RESUMO
Especializados na gestão dos processos da morte e do morrer, os agentes funerários são uma categoria profissional indispensável na sociedade contemporânea. Estudar esses profissionais, marcados por alto grau de invisibilidade social, torna-se extremamente relevante, sobretudo concebendo-os como sujeitos ativos no processo de análise de sua atividade. Nesse sentido, este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a atividade de trabalho de agentes funerários a partir das contribuições teórico-metodológicas da Clínica da Atividade. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa-intervenção foram realizadas 23 observações participantes no local de trabalho, 15 entrevistas individuais e seis entrevistas em grupo, mediadas pelo uso da técnica de Instruções ao Sósia, com agentes funerários que trabalham em um grande grupo funerário no interior do nordeste brasileiro. A análise da atividade de trabalho nos levou à compreensão de que o fazer desses trabalhadores é muito mais do que lidar meramente com o corpo inerte, sem vida, mas demanda deles alto grau de habilidades para lidar com suas emoções e prestar apoio às famílias enlutadas. O gênero profissional da atividade dos agentes funerários fornece importantes maneiras desses trabalhadores se portarem. Diante das imprevisibilidades e impedimentos presentes nas rotinas de trabalho, cada agente funerário age de um jeito, estiliza seu fazer, mas há aqueles modos de agir que são compartilhados, o que permite a construção do modo coletivo do agir profissional, tornando a atividade do agente funerário uma constante mescla do coletivo e do singular.(AU)
Specialized in the management of death processes, funeral agents are an indispensable professional category in contemporary society. It is extremely relevant to study these professionals who endure a high degree of social invisibility, especially by considering them as active subjects in the process of analyzing their own activities. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the work activity of funerary agents using the theoretical-methodological contributions of Clinical Activity. To develop this research-intervention, 23 participant-observations at their workplace, 15 individual interviews, and six group interviews, mediated by the use of the Instructions to the Double technique were carried out with funeral agents who work in a large funeral group in the inner Brazilian northeast. The analysis of work activity led us to understand that these workers' job prescriptions exceeds dealing with inert lifeless bodies. These workers have a high demand of socio-emotional skills, especially to cope and support grieving families. The professional genre in funeral agents' activity provide important ways for these workers to behave. As a result of the unpredictability and impediments in their work routines, funerary agents find their own way to meet the demands of work. However, their shared conducts enable them to construct the collective mode of professional action, making funerary agents' activity a constant mixture of collective and singular contributions.(AU)
Especializados en la gestión de los procesos de la muerte y del morir, los agentes funerarios son una categoría profesional indispensable en la sociedad contemporánea. Estudiar estos profesionales, caracterizados por el alto grado de invisibilidad social, se convierte en algo extremamente relevante, principalmente considerándolos como sujetos activos en el proceso de análisis de su actividad. En este sentido, este artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar la actividad laboral de agentes funerarios a partir de las contribuciones teórico-metodológicas de la Clínica de la Actividad. Para el desarrollo de esta investigación-intervención fueron realizadas 23 observaciones participantes en el local de trabajo, 15 encuestas individuales y seis grupales, mediadas por el uso de la técnica de instrucción al doble, con agentes funerarios que trabajan en un grupo funerario en el interior del Nordeste de Brasil. El análisis de la actividad laboral destaca que estos profesionales desempeñan una labor que va más allá del cuerpo inerte, sin vida, que les requiere un alto grado de habilidades para lidiar con las emociones y fornecer apoyo a las familias en duelo. El tipo profesional de la actividad de los agentes funerarios les proporciona a estos trabajadores importantes modos de portarse. Ante lo imprevisible y las dificultades en sus rutinas de trabajo, cada agente funerario actúa a su manera, pero hay modos de actuar compartidos, lo que permite la construcción del modo colectivo del actuar profesional, transformando la actividad del agente funerario en una constante mezcla entre lo colectivo y lo singular.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Trabalho , Atividades Cotidianas , Técnicas de Pesquisa , Funerárias , Práticas Mortuárias , Dor , Processos Patológicos , Preconceito , Psicologia , Religião , Sepultamento , Cadáver , Luto , Atitude Frente a Morte , Família , Responsabilidade Legal , Saúde Ocupacional , Oração Fúnebre , Embalsamamento , Empatia , Cemitérios , Cremação , Estresse Ocupacional , Tristeza , Rituais Fúnebres , Angústia Psicológica , Identidade de Gênero , Eficácia Coletiva , Visita Domiciliar , Consentimento Livre e EsclarecidoRESUMO
Este estudo aborda o fenômeno do acúmulo de tarefas em contexto da atividade de trabalho humana, a partir de operadores teóricos da clínica da atividade, como instâncias do ofício, estilo, gênero profissional, poder de agir e trabalho bem feito. Tomou-se como base material empírico referente a narrativas de trabalhadores participantes de pesquisa desenvolvida em um Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos (SVO), por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de instrução ao sósia, realizadas com técnicos em necropsia. O referido material discursivo possibilitou o entendimento de que as submissões desses trabalhadores à tarefas alheias a seu ofício fizeram com que eles precisassem recorrer ao gênero profissional inerente a outros cargos, e dele se apropriar, originando o que aqui propõe-se denominar gênero profissional invasivo. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer o diálogo entre o acúmulo de tarefas alheias ao ofício e um possível desenvolvimento do gênero profissional, em termos da produção de um gênero profissional invasivo
This study addresses the accumulation of tasks in the context of human work activity, based on theoretical operators from the clinic of activity, such as instances of professional practice, style, professional genre, power to act and work well-done. Analysis used empirical material related to narratives of workers participating in research developed in a Division of Postmortem Inspection (SVO), by means of semi-structured interviews and instruction to the double conducted with necropsy technicians. Results showed that the need to perform unrelated tasks made these workers appeal to the professional genre inherent to other jobs and appropriate it, giving rise to an invasive professional genre. Thus, the objective was to establish a dialogue between the accumulation of unrelated tasks and the possible development of a professional genre in terms of an invasive professional genre
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Autopsia , Carga de Trabalho , Desempenho Profissional , Categorias de Trabalhadores , Identificação Social , Segurança do Emprego , Descrição de CargoRESUMO
Brazilian mammarenavirus, or Sabiá virus (SABV), is a New World (NW) arenavirus associated with fulminant hemorrhagic disease in humans and the sole biosafety level 4 microorganism ever isolated in Brazil. Since the isolation of SABV in the 1990s, studies on viral biology have been scarce, with no available countermeasures against SABV infection or disease. Here we provide a comprehensive review of SABV biology, including key aspects of SABV replication, and comparisons with related Old World and NW arenaviruses. SABV is most likely a rodent-borne virus, transmitted to humans, through exposure to urine and feces in peri-urban areas. Using protein structure prediction methods and alignments, we analyzed shared and unique features of SABV proteins (GPC, NP, Z, and L) that could be explored in search of therapeutic strategies, including repurposing intended application against arenaviruses. Highly conserved catalytic activities present in L protein could be targeted for broad-acting antiviral activity among arenaviruses, while protein-protein interactions, such as those between L and the matrix protein Z, have evolved in NW arenaviruses and should be specific to SABV. The nucleoprotein (NP) also shares targetable interaction interfaces with L and Z and exhibits exonuclease activity in the C-terminal domain, which may be involved in multiple aspects of SABV replication. Envelope glycoproteins GP1 and GP2 have been explored in the development of promising cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies and vaccines, some of which could be repurposed for SABV. GP1 remains a challenging target in SABV as evolutive pressures render it the most variable viral protein in terms of both sequence and structure, while antiviral strategies targeting the Z protein remain to be validated. In conclusion, the prediction and analysis of protein structures should revolutionize research on viruses such as SABV by facilitating the rational design of countermeasures while reducing dependence on sophisticated laboratory infrastructure for experimental validation.
Assuntos
Infecções por Arenaviridae , Arenavirus do Novo Mundo , Humanos , Proteínas Virais/genética , Infecções por Arenaviridae/prevenção & controle , Antivirais , Biologia MolecularRESUMO
The SfL-1 isoform from the marine red algae Solieria filiformis was produced in recombinant form (rSfL-1) and showed hemagglutinating activity and inhibition similar to native SfL. The analysis of circular dichroism revealed the predominance of ß-strands structures with spectra of ßI-proteins for both lectins, which had Melting Temperature (Tm) between 41 °C and 53 °C. The three-dimensional structure of the rSfL-1 was determined by X-ray crystallography, revealing that it is composed of two ß-barrel domains formed by five antiparallel ß chains linked by a short peptide between the ß-barrels. SfL and rSfL-1 were able to agglutinate strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and did not show antibacterial activity. However, SfL induced a reduction in E. coli biomass at concentrations from 250 to 125 µg mL-1, whereas rSfL-1 induced reduction in all concentrations tested. Additionally, rSfL-1 at concentrations from 250 to 62.5 µg mL-1, showed a statistically significant reduction in the number of colony-forming units, which was not noticed for SfL. Wound healing assay showed that the treatments with SfL and rSfL-1 act in reducing the inflammatory response and in the activation and proliferation of fibroblasts by a larger and fast deposition of collagen.
Assuntos
Lectinas , Rodófitas , Lectinas/farmacologia , Lectinas/química , Escherichia coli , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Rodófitas/química , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
The nucleocapsid (N) protein plays critical roles in coronavirus genome transcription and packaging, representing a key target for the development of novel antivirals, and for which structural information on ligand binding is scarce. We used a novel fluorescence polarization assay to identify small molecules that disrupt the binding of the N protein to a target RNA derived from the SARS-CoV-2 genome packaging signal. Several phenolic compounds, including L-chicoric acid (CA), were identified as high-affinity N-protein ligands. The binding of CA to the N protein was confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry, 1H-STD and 15N-HSQC NMR, and by the crystal structure of CA bound to the N protein C-terminal domain (CTD), further revealing a new modulatory site in the SARS-CoV-2 N protein. Moreover, CA reduced SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell cultures. These data thus open venues for the development of new antivirals targeting the N protein, an essential and yet underexplored coronavirus target.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , Ligantes , Proteínas do Nucleocapsídeo/genética , RNA/metabolismo , Antivirais/farmacologia , Ligação ProteicaRESUMO
When managing a constellation of nanosatellites, one may leverage this structure to improve the mission's quality-of-service (QoS) by optimally distributing the tasks during an orbit. In this sense, this research proposes an offline energy-aware task scheduling problem formulation regarding the specifics of constellations, by considering whether the tasks are individual, collective, or stimulated to be redundant. By providing such an optimization framework, the idea of estimating an offline task schedule can serve as a baseline for the constellation design phase. For example, given a particular orbit, from the simulation of an irradiance model, the engineer can estimate how the mission value is affected by the inclusion or exclusion of individuals objects. The proposed model, given in the form of a multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming model, is illustrated in this work for several illustrative scenarios considering different sets of tasks and constellations. We also perform an analysis of the Pareto-optimal frontier of the problem, identifying the feasible trade-off points between constellation and individual tasks. This information can be useful to the decision-maker (mission operator) when planning the behavior in orbit.
Assuntos
Algoritmos , Simulação por Computador , Humanos , Fenômenos FísicosRESUMO
Inflammation and oxidative stress are processes associated with different human diseases. They are treated using drugs that have several side effects. Seaweed are sources of potentially relevant natural compounds for use as treatment of these disorders. Lectins are able to reversibly interact with complex carbohydrates and modulate cell membrane glycosylated receptors through this interaction. This study aimed to determine the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potential of CiL-1 in adult zebrafish by modulation of TRPA1 through lectin-glycan binding. Possible neuromodulation by TRPA1 channel was also evaluated by camphor pretreatment. CiL-1 was efficacious at all tested doses, revealing anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in adult zebrafish. This galactose-binding lectin was also able to reduce the content of ROS in brain and liver. In silico analyses showed CiL-1 interactions with both ligands tested. LacNac2 presents the most favorable binding energy with the protein. The interaction occurs at 4 subsites as an extended conformation at the site. LacNac2-Sia had a less favorable curved-shape interaction energy. Based on the predictions made for the oligosaccharides, a tetra-antenate putative glycan was schematically constructed, illustrating an interaction between TRPA1 N-glycan and CiL-1. This binding seems to be related to CiL-1 anti-inflammatory activity as result of receptor modulation.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios , Polissacarídeos , Peixe-Zebra , Animais , Analgésicos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Lectinas/química , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/farmacologiaRESUMO
The need to estimate the orientation between frames of reference is crucial in spacecraft navigation. Robust algorithms for this type of problem have been built by following algebraic approaches, but data-driven solutions are becoming more appealing due to their stochastic nature. Hence, an approach based on convolutional neural networks in order to deal with measurement uncertainty in static attitude determination problems is proposed in this paper. PointNet models were trained with different datasets containing different numbers of observation vectors that were used to build attitude profile matrices, which were the inputs of the system. The uncertainty of measurements in the test scenarios was taken into consideration when choosing the best model. The proposed model, which used convolutional neural networks, proved to be less sensitive to higher noise than traditional algorithms, such as singular value decomposition (SVD), the q-method, the quaternion estimator (QUEST), and the second estimator of the optimal quaternion (ESOQ2).
Assuntos
Algoritmos , Redes Neurais de Computação , Atitude , AstronaveRESUMO
The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged from the proliferation of mobile devices and objects connected, resulting in the acquisition of periodic event flows from different devices and sensors. However, such sensors and devices can be faulty or affected by failures, have poor calibration, and produce inaccurate data and uncertain event flows in IoT applications. A prominent technique for analyzing event flows is Complex Event Processing (CEP). Uncertainty in CEP is usually observed in primitive events (i.e., sensor readings) and rules that derive complex events (i.e., high-level situations). In this paper, we investigate the identification and treatment of uncertainty in CEP-based IoT applications. We propose the DST-CEP, an approach that uses the Dempster-Shafer Theory to treat uncertainties. By using this theory, our solution can combine unreliable sensor data in conflicting situations and detect correct results. DST-CEP has an architectural model for treating uncertainty in events and its propagation to processing rules. We describe a case study using the proposed approach in a multi-sensor fire outbreak detection system. We submit our solution to experiments with a real sensor dataset, and evaluate it using well-known performance metrics. The solution achieves promising results regarding Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F-measure, and ROC Curve, even when combining conflicting sensor readings. DST-CEP demonstrated to be suitable and flexible to deal with uncertainty.
RESUMO
Developing star trackers quickly is non-trivial. Achieving reproducible results and comparing different algorithms are also open problems. In this sense, this work proposes the use of synthetic star images (a simulated sky), allied with the standardized structure of the Universal Verification Methodology as the base of a design approach. The aim is to organize the project, speed up the development time by providing a standard verification methodology. Future rework is reduced through two methods: a verification platform that us shared under a free software licence; and the layout of Universal Verification Methodology enforces reusability of code through an object-oriented approach. We propose a black-box structure for the verification platform with standard interfaces, and provide examples showing how this approach can be applied to the development of a star tracker for small satellites, targeting a system-on-a-chip design. The same test benches were applied to both early conceptual software-only implementations, and later optimized software-hardware hybrid systems, in a hardware-in-the-loop configuration. This test bench reuse strategy was interesting also to show the regression test capability of the developed platform. Furthermore, the simulator was used to inject specific noise, in order to evaluate the system under some real-world conditions.
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Peruvianin-I is a cysteine peptidase (EC 3.4.22) purified from Thevetia peruviana. Previous studies have shown that it is the only germin-like protein (GLP) with proteolytic activity described so far. In this work, the X-ray crystal structure of peruvianin-I was determined to a resolution of 2.15 Å (PDB accession number: 6ORM) and its specific location was evaluated by different assays. Its overall structure shows an arrangement composed of a homohexamer (a trimer of dimers) where each monomer exhibits a typical ß-barrel fold and two glycosylation sites (Asn55 and Asn144). Analysis of its active site confirmed the absence of essential amino acids for typical oxalate oxidase activity of GLPs. Details of the active site and molecular docking results, using a specific cysteine peptidase inhibitor (iodoacetamide), were used to discuss a plausible mechanism for proteolytic activity of peruvianin-I. Histological analyses showed that T. peruviana has articulated anastomosing laticifers, i.e., rows of cells which merge to form continuous tubes throughout its green organs. Moreover, peruvianin-I was detected exclusively in the latex. Because latex peptidases have been described as defensive molecules against insects, we hypothesize that peruvianin-I contributes to protect T. peruviana plants against herbivory.
Assuntos
Glicoproteínas/química , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Thevetia/química , Thevetia/metabolismo , Domínio Catalítico , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Estrutura Quaternária de Proteína , ProteóliseRESUMO
In data analysis, the mining of frequent patterns plays an important role in the discovery of associations and correlations between data. During this process, it is common to produce thousands of association rules (ARs), making the study of each one arduous. This problem weakens the process of finding useful information. There is a scientific effort to develop approaches capable of filtering interesting patterns, balancing the number of ARs produced with the goal of not being trivial and known by specialists. However, even when such approaches are adopted, the number of produced ARs can still be high. This work contributes by presenting Divergent Association Rules Approach (DARA), a novel approach for obtaining ARs that presents themselves in divergence with the data distribution. DARA is applied right after traditional approaches to filtering interesting patterns. To validate our approach, we studied the dataset related to the occurrence of malaria in the Brazilian Legal Amazon. The discovered patterns highlight that ARs brought relevant insights from the data. This article contributes both in the medical and computer science fields since this novel computational approach enabled new findings regarding malaria in Brazil.
Assuntos
Malária , Brasil , Humanos , Malária/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Osmotin-Like Proteins (OLPs) have been purified and characterized from different plant tissues, including latex fluids. Besides its defensive role, tobacco osmotin seems to induce adiponectin-like physiological effects, acting as an agonist. However, molecular information about this agonistic effect on adiponectin receptors has been poorly exploited and other osmotins have not been investigated yet. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: The present study involved the characterization of three OLPs from Plumeria rubra latex and molecular docking studies to evaluate the interaction between them and adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). RESULTS: P. rubra Osmotin-Like Proteins (PrOLPs) exhibited molecular masses from 21 to 25 kDa and isoelectric points ranging from 4.4 to 7.7. The proteins have 16 cysteine residues, which are involved in eight disulfide bonds, conserved in the same positions as other plant OLPs. The threedimensional (3D) models exhibited the three typical domains of OLPs, and molecular docking analysis showed that two PrOLP peptides interacted with two adiponectin receptors similarly to tobacco osmotin peptide. CONCLUSION: As observed for tobacco osmotin, the latex osmotins of P. rubra exhibited compatible interactions with adiponectin receptors. Therefore, these plant defense proteins (without known counterparts in humans) are potential tools to study modulation of glucose metabolism in type II diabetes, where adiponectin plays a pivotal role in homeostasis.
Assuntos
Adiponectina/química , Apocynaceae/química , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Peptídeos/química , Peptidomiméticos/química , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Humanos , Receptores de Adiponectina/químicaRESUMO
Reducing component size and increasing the operating frequency of integrated circuits makes the Systems-on-Chip (SoCs) more susceptible to faults. Faults can cause errors, and errors can be propagated and lead to a system failure. SoCs employing many cores rely on a Network-on-Chip (NoC) as the interconnect architecture. In this context, this study explores alternatives to implement the flow regulation, routing, and arbitration controllers of an NoC router aiming at minimizing error propagation. For this purpose, a router with Finite-State Machine (FSM)-based controllers was developed targeting low use of logical resources and design flexibility for implementation in FPGA devices. We elaborated and compared the synthesis and simulation results of architectures that vary their controllers on Moore and Mealy FSMs, as well as the Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) hardening application. Experimental results showed that the routing controller was the most critical one and that migrating a Moore to a Mealy controller offered a lower error propagation rate and higher performance than the application of TMR. We intended to use the proposed router architecture to integrate cores in a fault-tolerant NoC-based system for data processing in harsh environments, such as in space applications.
RESUMO
The germin-like protein (GLP) purified from Thevetia peruviana, Peruvianin-I, is the only one described as having proteolytic activity. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate the structural features responsible for its enzymatic activity. Although the amino acid sequence of Peruvianin-I showed high identity with other GLPs, it exhibited punctual mutations, which were responsible for the absence of oxalate oxidase activity. The phylogenetic analysis showed that Peruvianin-I does not belong to any classification of GLP subfamilies. Moreover, Peruvianin-I contains a catalytic triad found in all plant cysteine peptidases. Molecular docking simulations confirmed the role of the catalytic triad in its proteolytic activity. Synchrotron radiation circular dichroism assays confirmed that Peruvianin-I was stable at pH ranging from 5.0 to 8.0 and that it presented significant structural changes only above 60⯰C. The addition of iodoacetamide caused changes in its native conformation, but only a slight effect was observed after adding a reducing agent. This study reports an unusual protein with germin-like structure, lacking typical oxalate oxidase activity. Instead, the proteolytic activity observed suggests that the protein is a cysteine peptidase. These structural peculiarities make PeruvianinI an interesting model for further understanding of the action of laticifer fluids in plant defense.
Assuntos
Glicoproteínas/química , Glicoproteínas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Proteólise , Thevetia/enzimologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Domínio Catalítico , Dicroísmo Circular , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Oxirredutases/metabolismo , Filogenia , Inibidores de Proteases/farmacologia , Substâncias Redutoras/química , Análise de Sequência de Proteína , Especificidade por Substrato/efeitos dos fármacos , TemperaturaRESUMO
Este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a atividade de profissionais que compõem equipes interdisciplinares em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS). Especificamente, buscou-se evidenciar a dimensão coletiva que se consubstancia a partir do trabalho interdisciplinar realizado nessas instituições. Para tanto, os pressupostos da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho e da Ergologia foram tomados como alicerce teórico dessa investigação. A pesquisa foi realizada com 19 profissionais que compõem equipes de três CAPS de um município de médio porte da Paraíba. Utilizou-se uma metodologia qualitativa com o uso das técnicas de observação e encontros coletivos de discussão sobre o trabalho. Os resultados apontaram que trabalhar em saúde mental na perspectiva psicossocial envolve situações diversas como as variabilidades da demanda, os tipos de usuários atendidos, os procedimentos realizados, o contato com as famílias e exigências como a necessidade de compartilhar atividades. Nesse sentido, a dimensão coletiva do trabalho interdisciplinar potencializa a gestão da atividade, entretanto parece ser fundamental o fortalecimento dos coletivos de trabalho com espaço grupal mais efetivo.(AU)
This study aimed to understand the activity of the professionals of interdisciplinary teams in Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS). Specifically, it was amied to highlight the collective dimension which the interdisciplinary work in these institutions consists. Therefore, the Psychodynamics of Work and Ergology were taken as the theoretical foundation of this research. The study was conducted with 19 professionals of three CAPS teams of a medium-sized municipality of Paraíba. A qualitative methodology was used through observation techniques and collective meetings discussion of the work activity. The results revealed that work in mental health and psychosocial perspective involves several situations such as variability of demand, different types of users, performed procedures, contact with families and requirements such as the need to share activities. In this sense, the collective dimension of interdisciplinary work strengthens the management of the activity, however it seems to be fundamental the empowerment of the work collective with a more effective group space.(AU)
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la actividad de profesionales que componen los equipos ínter-disciplinares en los Centros de Atención Psíquico-social (CAPS). Específicamente, se buscó evidenciar la dimensión colectiva que se consubstancia a partir del trabajo interdisciplinario en esas instituciones. Para tanto, los presupuestos de la psicodinámica del trabajo y de la ergología fueron usados como base teórica de esa investigación. La investigación fue realizada con 19 profesionales que componen los equipos de tres CAPS de un municipio de medio porte de Paraíba. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa con el uso de técnicas de observación y encuentros colectivos de discusión sobre el trabajo. Los resultados señalan que trabajar en salud mental en la perspectiva psícosocial envuelve situaciones diversas como las variabilidades de demanda, los tipos de usuarios atendidos, los procedimientos realizados, el contacto con las familias y las exigencias como necesidad de compartir actividades. En ese sentido, la dimensión colectiva del trabajo ínter-disciplinar enfatiza la gestión de la actividad, sin embargo parece ser fundamental el fortalecimiento de los colectivos de trabajo con un espacio grupal más efectivo.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Saúde Mental , Serviços de Saúde Mental , Sociedades , Práticas InterdisciplinaresRESUMO
Gestantes podem precisar ser submetidas a exames radiológicos para um diagnóstico preciso e conduta correta. Os métodos mais difundidos são aqueles com pouco ou nenhum efeito sobre o feto, como a ultrassonografia e, mais recentemente, a ressonância magnética. Os exames radiológicos são geralmente relegados a um segundo plano e, eventualmente, descartados ou adiados em razão da apreensão gerada pelos potenciais riscos à saúde do feto. No entanto, um diagnóstico postergado ou perdido por causa da não utilização desses exames pode ser mais nocivo à saúde materna e do próprio feto do que os possíveis riscos associados ao uso da radiação ionizante. Conhecer os princípios e efeitos biológicos das radiações ionizantes, bem como os limiares de doses associadas a efeitos deletérios sobre o embrião e o feto, permite medir os riscos e justificar a utilização de determinados métodos radiológicos em benefício da gestante. Com base numa revisão de literatura, tivemos o propósito de orientar médicos, especialistas ou não, para fornecer melhores informações e esclarecimentos a suas pacientes quanto aos riscos e benefícios do uso de métodos de diagnóstico por imagem durante a gestação.
Pregnants may need to undergo radiological examinations for a right diagnosis and an accurate conduct. The most spread methods are those that have less or none effect on the fetus, such as ultrasound and, more recently, magnetic resonance imaging. The radiological examinations are usually relegated to a second plan and, occasionally, discarded or postponed because of the apprehension caused by the potential risks to the fetal health. However, a postponed or missed diagnosis, for not using these tests, can be more harmful to the pregnant?s health and the fetus itself than the possible risks associated with ionizing radiation. Knowing the principles and biological effects of ionizing radiation, as well as the threshold levels associated with deleterious effects on embryo and fetus, allows measuring the risks and justify the use of certain radiological methods for the benefit of the pregnant. Based on the literature review, we purposed to advise doctors, specialists or not, to provide better information and explanations to their patients about risks and benefits of using methods of diagnostic imaging during pregnancy.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Gestantes , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Radiação Ionizante , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Diocleinae lectins are highly homologous in their primary structure which features metal binding sites and a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Differences in the biological activity of legume lectins have been widely investigated using hemagglutination inhibition assays, isothermal titration microcalorimetry and co-crystallization with mono- and oligosaccharides. Here we report a new lectin crystal structure (ConBr) extracted from seeds of Canavalia brasiliensis, predict dimannoside binding by docking, identify the α-aminobutyric acid (Abu) binding pocket and compare the CRD of ConBr to that of homologous lectins. Based on the hypothesis that the carbohydrate affinity of lectins depends on CRD configuration, the relationship between tridimensional structure and endothelial NO synthase activation was used to clarify differences in biological activity. Our study established a correlation between the position of CRD amino acid side chains and the stimulation of NO release from endothelium.
Assuntos
Canavalia/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo III/química , Lectinas de Plantas/química , Carboidratos , Cristalografia por Raios X , Ativação Enzimática , Conformação ProteicaRESUMO
The lectin from seeds of Dioclea virgata (DvirL) was purified in a single step affinity chromatography, sequenced by tandem mass spectrometry and submitted to crystallization and biological experiments. DvirL has a molecular mass of 25,412 ± 2 Da and the chains ß and γ has 12,817 Da ± 2 and 12,612 Da ± 2, respectively. Primary sequence determination was assigned by tandem mass spectrometry and revealed a protein with 237 amino acids and 87% of identify with ConA. The protein crystals were obtained native and complexed with X-Man using vapor-diffusion method at a constant temperature of 293 K. A complete X-ray dataset was collected at 1.8 Å resolution. DvirL crystals were found to be orthorhombic, belonging to the space group I222, with a unit cell parameters a = 647.5 Å, b = 86.6 Å, c = 90.2 Å. Molecular replacement search found a solution with a correlation coefficient of 77.1% and an R(factor) of 44.6%. The present study also demonstrated that D. virgata lectin presents edematogenic and antinociceptive activities in rodents electing this protein as a candidate to structure/function analysis.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/química , Dioclea/química , Lectinas de Plantas/química , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Analgésicos/isolamento & purificação , Analgésicos/farmacologia , Animais , Cristalização , Edema/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Espectrometria de Massas , Camundongos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Mapeamento de Peptídeos , Lectinas de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Lectinas de Plantas/farmacologia , Sementes/química , Alinhamento de Sequência , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
A situational diagnosis of the health services regarding the care of aged victims of accidents and violence (AVAV) was carried out in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The National Policy for Reducing Accident and Violence Related Morbidity and Mortality and the National Policy for the Aged People Health were used as references. The methodology was based on the triangulation method, with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Questionnaires and interviews were answered by managers and health staff of hospital, prehospital and rehabilitation services; and local aged health policy managers. In 2006, only the Family Health Program reported prehospital care for AVAV, 31 cases were due to violence and 18 to accidents. The hospital care for aged people was 7.2% of the total care, 27% from accidents and 10% from violence. In the same year, there was no record of rehabilitation care of AVAV. The directives of the policies studied are only partially followed. The health care is deficient in several aspects, such as: clinical protocols; notification devices; support to the aged, caregivers and aggressors; and also continuous training. This analysis can be such a contribution to the reorganization of the local health system, recognizing the aged person as vulnerable to accidents and violence.