RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Premature infants contribute to infant morbidity and mortality especially in low resource settings. Information on tocolytic and/or anti-inflammatory effects of several plant extracts, such as citral, could help prevent preterm birth cases and reduce the number of preterm infants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro tocolytic and anti-inflammatory effect of citral on myometrial tissues of the human uterus. METHODS: Myometrial samples from uteri obtained after hysterectomy were used in functional tests to evaluate the inhibitory effect of citral on PGF-2α induced contractions. The intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels generated in response to citral in human myometrial homogenates were measured by ELISAs. Forskolin was used as a positive control. The anti-inflammatory effect of citral was determined through the measurement of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-1ß, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, in human myometrial explants stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). RESULTS: Citral was able to induce a significant inhibition of PGF-2α induced contractions at the highest concentration level (p < .05). Citral caused a concentration-dependent increase in myometrial cAMP levels (p < .05) and a concentration-dependent decrease in LPS-induced TNFα and IL-1ß production, while IL-10 production increased significantly (p < .05). The anti-inflammatory and tocolytic effects induced by citral could be associated with an increase in cAMP levels in human myometrial samples. CONCLUSION: These properties place citral as a potentially safe and effective adjuvant agent in preterm birth cases, an obstetric and gynecological problem that requires urgent attention.
Assuntos
Miométrio , Nascimento Prematuro , Monoterpenos Acíclicos , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Gravidez , Nascimento Prematuro/tratamento farmacológico , Nascimento Prematuro/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The items papyraceus fetus and fetus compressus are used like synonymous. The low incidence and the lack of reporting of these cases leads to confusion. Clinical evidence shows significant differences between them and sustain a proper diagnosis. We report 3 cases of patients with multiple pregnancy (2 twins and 1 triplets) observed in the death of one of the products of each patient, obtaining 2 fetus compressus and 1 fetus papyraceous, respectively.
Assuntos
Doenças em Gêmeos/patologia , Morte Fetal/patologia , Feto/patologia , Adulto , Cesárea , Dessecação , Doenças em Gêmeos/diagnóstico por imagem , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Morte Fetal/diagnóstico por imagem , Feto/anormalidades , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Trabalho de Parto Prematuro , Gravidez , Gravidez Múltipla , Pressão , Trigêmeos , Gêmeos , Ultrassonografia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the interaction type of the human uterine relaxant effect of the paracetamol-pyrilamine combination (PPC) in vitro. STUDY DESIGN: Uterine strips were contracted with KCl (60 mM) and treated with vehicle or increasing concentrations of paracetamol (100-3200 µM), pyrilamine (3.2-100 µM) or the PPC. The relaxing effects of the drugs alone and in combination were measured. Isobolographic analysis was used to determine the pharmacologic interaction type. RESULTS: Paracetamol, pyrilamine and the PPC produced a significant relaxing effect on non-pregnant human uterine strips pre-contracted with KCl (60 mM). The EC30 values for paracetamol and pyrilamine on the uterine contraction were 2391.3±595.3 µM and 14.7±1.7 µM, respectively. The derived experimental EC30 for the PPC was 401.8±129.8 µM. This value was significantly lower (p<0.05) than the theoretical EC30 expected for a purely additive interaction, which was 1203.0±297.7 µM for the PPC. The interaction index (γ) was 0.33±0.14 for PPC, being statistically different from unity. CONCLUSION: Data suggest that low doses of the PPC can interact synergistically and therefore this drug association may represent a therapeutic advantage for the clinical treatment of dysmenorreic pain.