RESUMO
Real-world walking requires shifting attention from different cognitive demands to adapt gait. This study aims to evaluate the effect of dual tasking on spatiotemporal gait parameters of older adults. Participants were asked to perform a primary complex single-walking task, consisting of a fast-paced linear and a curved gait. Primary task was performed separately and simultaneously with different motor and cognitive secondary tasks. Spatiotemporal gait parameters, walk ratio, and walk stability ratio were measured. Apart from stride length, which stood relatively unchanged, gait speed and cadence were strongly affected by cognitive dual tasking. Cadence seems to be the most impacted by dual tasking during curved gait as it combines challenges of both primary and secondary tasks. Also, during curved phase, walking ratio was significantly lower and stability ratio was greater demonstrating that participants adopted a cautious gait where maintenance of stability took preference over efficiency.
Assuntos
Disfunção Cognitiva , Marcha , Idoso , Cognição , Feminino , Humanos , Caminhada , Velocidade de CaminhadaRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Operacionalizar um protocolo para a correção de imagens obtidas por videofluoroscopia a partir de um modelo matemático descrito por Baltzopoulos (1995) e avaliar a magnitude do erro pelos métodos de calibração linear e não linear. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: As imagens foram obtidas por meio de um videofluoroscópio da marca Axion Siemens Iconos R100 de um indivíduo realizando exercício de extensão de joelho. Para a correção das imagens foi utilizado padrão de calibração não-linear. O processamento dos dados foi realizado em placa de captura da marca Silicon Graphics 320 e posteriormente analisado em um "software" Matlab. RESULTADOS: Para demonstrar a aplicabilidade do método foi avaliada a deformação do ligamento patelar. A utilização do padrão de calibração linear produziu um erro máximo de 0,086 mm, enquanto o padrão de calibração não linear atingiu um valor máximo de 0,019 mm. Já com relação ao erro médio, a calibração linear atingiu o valor de 0,024 mm, e a não linear apresentou um valor de 0,007 mm. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados evidenciam a necessidade de utilização de um procedimento de calibração não linear.
OBJECTIVE: To implement a protocol for correction of images acquired by videofluoroscopy based on the mathematical model described by Baltzopoulos (1995) and to evaluate the magnitude of error in the linear and non-linear calibration methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The images were acquired using a Axion Siemens Iconos R100 videofluoroscope from one individual during knee extension exercise. A non-linear calibration pattern was used for the correction of the images. Data was processed using a Silicon Graphics 320 capture plate and subsequently analyzed using the Matlab software. RESULTS: In order to demonstrate the method's applicability, the deformation of the patellar ligament was evaluated. The use of a linear calibration pattern produced a maximum error of 0.086 mm, while the non-linear calibration pattern reached a maximum value of 0.019 mm. According to the mean error, the linear calibration was 0.024 mm, and the non-linear presented a value of 0.007 mm. CONCLUSION: The results show the need to use a non-linear calibration procedure.