RESUMEN
The goal is to provide foundational data that could spearhead more extensive, prospective research into understanding the influences of micronutrient levels on the nocturnal patterns of hypertension, possibly aiding in identifying potential therapeutic strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk in this demographic. The research employed a retrospective design to analyze the micronutrient levels, including ferritin, folic acid, vitamin B12, and vitamin D, in a limited sample size from a single hospital. However, it is worth noting that the study did not scrutinize other potentially relevant micronutrients and biomarkers and lacked information on potential confounding factors such as lifestyle and dietary habits, physical activity levels, and specific details on antihypertensive medications used. The preliminary findings highlight a significant difference in ferritin levels between dipper and non-dipper groups, indicating a potential role in the development of non-dipper hypertension. Surprisingly, no notable difference was observed in vitamin D levels between the groups. The study underscores the increasing prevalence of hypertension and micronutrient deficiencies as age progresses. Despite its limitations, including limited sample size and potential influences from unaccounted variables, the study hints at a potential relationship between micronutrient levels and non-dipper hypertension. It emphasizes the necessity for larger scale, prospective research to delve deeper into the nature of this relationship, potentially fostering new therapeutic approaches in cardiovascular risk management within the elderly population.
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Hipertensión , Micronutrientes , Vitamina D , Humanos , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anciano , Micronutrientes/sangre , Masculino , Femenino , Vitamina D/sangre , Ácido Fólico/sangre , Ferritinas/sangre , Vitamina B 12/sangre , Presión Sanguínea/fisiología , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Deficiency in vitamins B9 and B12 are common in general practice, due to their high prevalence in the population, especially among elderly patients. This article will present the clinical manifestations of vitamin B9 and B12 deficiencies, which can sometimes be insidious. We will discuss screening strategies, which are based on the presence of compatible symptoms as well as risk factors for deficiency. The choice of administration route for substitution depends both on severity and etiology; but the oral route has demonstrated similar effectiveness compared to intramuscular administration.
Il est courant de rencontrer des déficits en vitamines B9 et B12 en consultation de médecine de premier recours, en raison de leurs prévalences élevées dans la population générale, surtout chez les patients âgés. Cet article présente les manifestations cliniques de carences en vitamines B9 et B12, qui peuvent parfois être insidieuses et discute des stratégies de dépistage, qui se basent sur la présence de symptômes compatibles ainsi que de facteurs de risque de carence. Concernant la substitution, le choix de la voie d'administration se fait selon la sévérité et l'étiologie ; mais la forme orale a démontré une efficacité similaire à l'administration intramusculaire.
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Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12/diagnóstico , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12/epidemiología , Vitamina B 12/administración & dosificación , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Factores de Riesgo , Deficiencia de Ácido Fólico/diagnóstico , Inyecciones IntramuscularesRESUMEN
Background: DATATOP was a study of early Parkinson's disease (PD) conducted in the 1980âs, before mandatory folic acid fortification in the United States. Our analysis of its baseline serum samples revealed a geometric mean vitamin B12 of 369âpg/mL and homocysteine (tHcy) of 9.5µmol/l. We also found that low B12 predicted greater worsening of ambulatory capacity (AC) and elevated tHcy (>15µmol/L) predicted greater declines in cognitive function. Objective: We sought to measure B12 and tHcy in contemporary trial participants with early PD who had not started dopaminergic treatment and to determine whether these analytes were associated with clinical progression. Methods: We measured B12 and tHcy from baseline and end-of-study blood samples from three recent clinical trials. Results: Baseline geometric mean B12 levels for these studies ranged from 484- 618âpg/ml and for tHcy ranged from 7.4- 10µmol/L. Use of B12-containing supplements ranged from 41- 61%, and those taking supplements had higher B12 and lower tHcy. Those who began levodopa, but were not taking B12-supplements, had greater end-of-study tHcy. There was no association of baseline tHcyâ>â15µmol/L with annualized change in Montreal Cognitive Assessment and no association of baseline B12 tertiles with change in AC. Conclusions: In these longitudinal trials, B12 levels were higher than for DATATOP, due in large part to increased B12-supplement intake, while tHcy levels were similar. Initiation of levodopa was associated with increases of tHcy in those not taking a B12-containing supplement. These smaller studies did not replicate prior findings of low B12 and elevated tHcy with features of progression, possibly due to higher baseline B12.
Asunto(s)
Homocisteína , Enfermedad de Parkinson , Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Vitamina B 12/sangre , Homocisteína/sangre , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Enfermedad de Parkinson/sangre , Enfermedad de Parkinson/tratamiento farmacológico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Antiparkinsonianos/uso terapéutico , Levodopa/administración & dosificación , Levodopa/farmacología , Suplementos Dietéticos , Disfunción Cognitiva/sangre , Disfunción Cognitiva/etiología , Disfunción Cognitiva/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are immune chronic diseases characterized by recurrent episodes, resulting in continuous intestinal barrier damage and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Safe strategies aimed at stabilizing and reducing IBDs recurrence have been vigorously pursued. Here, we constructed a recurrent intestinal injury Drosophila model and found that vitamin B12 (VB12), an essential co-factor for organism physiological functions, could effectively protect the intestine and reduce dextran sulfate sodium-induced intestinal barrier disruption. VB12 also alleviated microbial dysbiosis in the Drosophila model and inhibited the growth of gram-negative bacteria. We demonstrated that VB12 could mitigate intestinal damage by activating the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathway in injured conditions, which was achieved by regulating the intestinal oxidation. In addition, we also validated the protective effect of VB12 in a murine acute colitis model. In summary, we offer new insights and implications for the potential supportive role of VB12 in the management of recurrent IBDs flare-ups.
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Sulfato de Dextran , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Factor 1 Inducible por Hipoxia , Mucosa Intestinal , Transducción de Señal , Vitamina B 12 , Animales , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Vitamina B 12/farmacología , Vitamina B 12/metabolismo , Ratones , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiología , Mucosa Intestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Sulfato de Dextran/toxicidad , Factor 1 Inducible por Hipoxia/metabolismo , Colitis/metabolismo , Colitis/inducido químicamente , Colitis/microbiología , Colitis/patología , Colitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Disbiosis/microbiología , Disbiosis/metabolismo , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/metabolismo , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/microbiología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/patología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Drosophila/metabolismoRESUMEN
Recently, we have described the first supermolecular nanoentities of vitamin B12 derivative, viz. monocyano form of heptabutyl cobyrinate, unique nanoparticles with strong noncovalent intermolecular interactions, emerging optical and catalytic properties. Their nearest analogue, heptamethyl cobyrinate (ACCby), exhibits bioactivity. Here, we demonstrate the first example of the formation of nanoparticles of this nucleotide-free analogue of vitamin B12 in protein nanocarriers and neuroprotective activity in vivo of the own nanoform of the drug. The preparation and characterization of nanocarriers based on bovine serum albumin (BSA) loaded with vitamin B12 (viz. cyano- and aquacobalamins) and ACCby were performed. Nucleotide-free analogue of vitamin B12 is tightly retained by the protein structure and exists in an incorporated state in the form of nanoparticles. The effect of encapsulated drugs on the character and severity of primary generalized seizures in rats induced by the pharmacotoxicant thiosemicarbazide was studied. Cyanocobalamin and ACCby exhibited a neuroprotective effect. The best influence of the encapsulation on the effectiveness of the drugs was achieved in the case of AСCby, whose bioavailability as a neuroprotector did not change upon introduction in BSA particles, i.e., 33â¯% of surviving animals were observed upon ACCby administration in free form and in encapsulated state. No surviving rats were observed without the administration of drugs. Thus, BSA nanocarriers loaded by nanoparticles of nucleotide-free analogues of vitamin B12, including hydrophobic ones, can be recommended for neuroprotection and targeted delivery.
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Portadores de Fármacos , Nanopartículas , Fármacos Neuroprotectores , Albúmina Sérica Bovina , Vitamina B 12 , Animales , Vitamina B 12/análogos & derivados , Vitamina B 12/química , Vitamina B 12/farmacología , Albúmina Sérica Bovina/química , Nanopartículas/química , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/química , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Ratas , Masculino , Ratas Wistar , Bovinos , Convulsiones/tratamiento farmacológico , Convulsiones/prevención & controlRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Pernicious anemia (PA) is believed to be highly prevalent in Western countries but has rarely been reported in China. The study explores whether PA, an autoimmune disease, is an uncommon cause of cobalamin (vitamin B12) deficiency anemia in China. METHODS: Clinical and hematological data were collected from 90 cobalamin deficiency-caused megaloblastic anemia (MA) patients between July 2014 and December 2021. Through anti-intrinsic factor antibody (IFA) and anti-parietal cell antibody (PCA) testing, PA was distinguished from other causes of cobalamin deficiency leading to MA. Meanwhile, 30 healthy controls (HCs) were included to estimate the positive rates of IFA and PCA. RESULTS: Of the 30 HCs, only one tested positive for IFA, and all 30 tested negative for PCA. Among the 90 patients with cobalamin deficiency-caused MA, 76.7% were positive for IFA, and 47.8% were positive for PCA; a total of 76 patients (84.4%) were diagnosed with PA. The mean follow-up time was 41.0 ± 16.3 months. During the follow-up period, no case relapsed among the continuous cobalamin-supply treatment patients, while 24.4% of patients relapsed due to the interruption of maintenance cobalamin-supplement therapy (the median recurrence time was 54.0 ± 17.7 months). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of PA in cobalamin deficiency-caused MA patients in Hainan province was higher than 80%, which was more common than expected. Therefore, screening for IFA, PCA, endoscopic biopsy, and thyroid-related parameters are recommended for all cobalamin deficiency-caused MA patients. Furthermore, maintenance cobalamin-supplement therapy is important for PA patients.
This research examines pernicious anemia (PA), a type of anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, which has been widely reported in Western countries but is less known in China. The study focuses on determining if PA is also a significant cause of this deficiency in Hainan, China. Researchers gathered data from patients with megaloblastic anemia (a blood disorder) due to lack of vitamin B12, comparing them with healthy individuals to see how common PA is. The findings reveal that a very high percentage of the patients studied have PA, much higher than expected. This suggests that PA is not as rare in this region of China as previously thought. The study also highlights the importance of continuous treatment with vitamin B12 to prevent the recurrence of the anemia. Based on these results, the researchers recommend that all patients with vitamin B12 deficiency should be tested for PA and continuously receive vitamin B12 supplements to maintain their health once diagnosed with PA. This strategic insight is of paramount importance to medical practitioners in China, potentially paving the way for enhanced clinical management protocols for individuals afflicted by this ailment.
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Anemia Megaloblástica , Anemia Perniciosa , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Anemia Perniciosa/epidemiología , Anemia Perniciosa/sangre , Anemia Perniciosa/complicaciones , Anemia Megaloblástica/etiología , Anemia Megaloblástica/epidemiología , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12/complicaciones , Femenino , China/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Vitamina B 12/sangre , Anciano , Adulto Joven , AdolescenteRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Pediatric palliative care (PPC) patients are at an elevated risk of malnutrition. Nutritional inadequacy can also cause micronutrient deficiencies. These factors can lead to weight loss, stunted growth, and poor quality of life. Despite the prevalence of these issues, limited research exists in the micronutrient status of PPC patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the vitamin B12 and D, iron, ferritin, folate, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels of PPC patients to contribute to a better understanding of their micronutrient needs as well as the appropriate management of diet and treatment approaches. METHODS: This was a single-center observational cross-sectional retrospective study. This study evaluated the levels of vitamin B12, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, iron, ferritin, folate, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium in PPC patients. The patients were classified according to the Chronic Complex Conditions (CCC) v2 and then compared. RESULTS: A total of 3,144 micronutrient data points were collected from 822 hospitalizations of 364 patients. At least one micronutrient deficiency was identified in 96.9% of the patients. The most prevalent deficiencies were observed for iron, calcium, and phosphate. In addition, 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency was observed in one-third of patients. Calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, folate, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were negatively correlated with age. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that micronutrient deficiencies are highly prevalent in PPC patients. These findings have the potential to contribute to improvements in the nutritional and therapeutic management of patients.
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Calcio , Ferritinas , Hierro , Magnesio , Cuidados Paliativos , Fósforo , Vitamina D , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Masculino , Magnesio/sangre , Fósforo/sangre , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Cuidados Paliativos/normas , Preescolar , Estudios Retrospectivos , Niño , Ferritinas/sangre , Vitamina D/sangre , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Calcio/sangre , Hierro/sangre , Ácido Fólico/sangre , Lactante , Vitamina B 12/sangre , AdolescenteRESUMEN
The present study aimed to assess the potential effect of vitamin B12 (Vit B12) on cognition impairment caused by nicotine (Nic) cessation in adolescent male rats. Adolescent male rats were categorized into two main groups as vehicle (normal saline, intraperitoneally), and Nic group in which received Nic (2â¯mg/kg) from 21 to 42 days of ages and then the Nic group were divided into three groups as withdrawal (the animals returned to regular diet without treatment), second and third groups received bupropion (20â¯mg/kg), and Vit B12 at three different doses including 0.5,1, and 1.5â¯mg/kg by oral gavage as treatments to attenuate Nic withdrawal symptoms. The last group including normal animals received the highest doses of Vit B12 just in the Nic abstinence period to compare the effect of that with vehicle. In MWM, Vit B12and bupropion increased the time spent in the target quadrant that is strongly associated with spatial memory as well as the more time spent with the NORT. Vit B12 and bupropion modulated both oxidant/antioxidant and inflammatory/anti-inflammatory balance, alongside inhibitory effect on AChE, and GFAP. However, BDNF and amyloid-B showed insignificant difference as compared to Vit B12 and bupropion. Considering the present results and similar related studies, Vit B12 can be introduced as a strong anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory agent by which probably improved memory impairment caused by Nic addiction accompanied by withdrawal. Further, other mechanisms including activity reduction of AChE, and GFAP should be considered; however, it needs further investigation and larger-scale evidences.
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Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo , Proteína Ácida Fibrilar de la Glía , Trastornos de la Memoria , Nicotina , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias , Vitamina B 12 , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Acetilcolinesterasa/metabolismo , Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/metabolismo , Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Bupropión/farmacología , Bupropión/administración & dosificación , Suplementos Dietéticos , Proteína Ácida Fibrilar de la Glía/metabolismo , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos de la Memoria/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos de la Memoria/etiología , Trastornos de la Memoria/inducido químicamente , Nicotina/farmacología , Nicotina/administración & dosificación , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas Wistar , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias/tratamiento farmacológico , Vitamina B 12/farmacología , Vitamina B 12/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Conflicting evidence still exists regarding Vitamin B12's involvement in coronary heart disease (CHD). There is no precedent for previous studies to include both Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6, as well as Vitamin E in the consideration of CHD associating factors. Our data derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which covers the period 2003-2020. 33,640 samples were included in this cross-sectional study. We used an unadjusted covariates and three adjusted covariates. The intake percentage of Vitamins E, B6, and B12 was categorized into continuous and categorical variables using multivariate logistic regression analysis and subgroup logistic regression. To estimate these trends, we applied the percentage categories of Vitamin E, B6, and B12 intake as continuous variables. We recorded Vitamin E, B6, B12, age, race, BMI, gender, household annual income, education level, hypertension status, diabetes status, smoking status, and drinking status for included samples. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that Vitamin E and B6 were negatively associated with CHD and exerted protective effects, while Vitamin B12 had little correlation with CHD. Based on the quartiles of Vitamin E and Vitamin B6 percentage, the strongest protective effect was observed in the third quartile (Q3). Analyses of subgroups showed the effects of Vitamin B6 and Vitamin E on CHD were more noticeable in women, the participant's BMI was in the 25-30 range, and participants who smoked. We identified the possible protective effect of Vitamin E and Vitamin B6 against CHD, especially in female, obese, and smoking populations, whereas income and education were also viewed as influencing factors that could be taken into account.
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Enfermedad Coronaria , Encuestas Nutricionales , Vitamina B 12 , Vitamina B 6 , Vitamina E , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Vitamina B 12/sangre , Enfermedad Coronaria/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Transversales , Adulto , Anciano , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have inconsistently linked cognitive performance and change over time to an elevated level of homocysteine (Hcy), with few conducted among urban adults. METHODS: Longitudinal data [Visit 1 (2004-2009) and Visit 2 (2009-2013)] were analyzed from up to 1430 selected Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) participants. Baseline and follow-up blood Hcy was measured, while 11 cognitive function test scores were assessed at either of these two visits. Overall, sex- and race-stratified associations were evaluated using mixed-effects linear regression models, adjusting for key potential confounders. Interaction effects between Hcy and serum levels of folate and vitamin B-12 were also tested. RESULTS: We found that greater LnHcyv1 was significantly associated with poorer baseline attention based on higher Loge (TRAILS A, in seconds) [ß (SE): 0.101 (0.031), P = 0.001]. Heterogeneity was also found by sex and by race. Most notably, among men only, LnHcyv1 was associated with faster decline on the BVRT (# of errors), a measure of visuo-spatial memory (ß (SE): 0.297(0.115), P = 0.010, reduced model); while among African American adults only, an elevated and increasing LnHcy over time was associated with faster rate of decline on Loge (TRAILS B, in seconds) [ß (SE): +0.012 (0.005), p = 0.008], a measure of executive function. Interactions between Hcy, folate and vitamin B-12 blood exposures were also detected. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, sex- and race-specific adverse association between elevated Hcy and cognitive performance over time were detected among middle-aged urban adults, in domains of attention, visuo-spatial memory and executive functioning.
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Cognición , Ácido Fólico , Homocisteína , Población Urbana , Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Homocisteína/sangre , Estudios Longitudinales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cognición/fisiología , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Vitamina B 12/sangre , Ácido Fólico/sangre , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Atención/fisiología , Función Ejecutiva/fisiología , Factores Sexuales , Estudios TransversalesRESUMEN
Background: Malnourished pregnant women are at increased risk of micronutrient deficiency. We assessed the vitamin B12 status in both malnourished and normally nourished pregnant women and their neonates. Additionally, we studied the association between maternal B12 levels, cord B12 levels and neonatal anthropometry. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 63 malnourished and 63 normally nourished mothers and neonates. Maternal and cord blood samples were collected at the time of delivery for estimation of vitamin B12 levels. Maternal and cord vitamin B12 levels were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Neonatal anthropometry was correlated with maternal and cord B12 levels using Spearman's correlation. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: Mean maternal age was 26.58 yrs. The median cord B12 levels were lower than the maternal B12 levels. Maternal B12 levels showed a strong positive correlation with cord B12 levels (rho = 0.879; p < 0.001). Maternal (p < 0.001) and cord (p < 0.001) vitamin B12 levels were significantly lower in the malnourished group than in the normally nourished group. In malnourished group, 66.8% mothers and 95.2% neonates were Vitamin B12 deficient, whereas 1.5% mothers and 4.7% neonates were vitamin B12 deficient in normally nourished group. In the malnourished group, maternal B12 levels were positively correlated with birth weight (rho 0.363, p = 0.003) and length (rho 0.330, p =0.008), whereas cord B12 levels were positively correlated with birth weight in the normally nourished group. (rho 0.277 p= 0.028). Conclusion: High rates of vitamin B12 deficiency were observed in malnourished mothers and neonates. There was a positive correlation between birth weight, length, and maternal vitamin B12 levels in malnourished mothers. These findings emphasize the need to address maternal malnutrition and vitamin B12 deficiency to improve neonatal health.
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Antropometría , Sangre Fetal , Desnutrición , Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Femenino , Vitamina B 12/sangre , Recién Nacido , Adulto , India , Sangre Fetal/metabolismo , Sangre Fetal/química , Embarazo , Desnutrición/sangre , Desnutrición/complicaciones , Estudios Transversales , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12/sangre , Adulto Joven , Masculino , MadresRESUMEN
The water-soluble vitamin, vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism, particularly in DNA synthesis, methylation, and mitochondrial functionality. Its deficiency can lead to hematological and neurological disorders; however, the manifestation of these clinical outcomes is relatively late. It leads to difficulties in the early diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency. A prolonged lack of vitamin B12 may have severe consequences including increased morbidity to neurological and cardiovascular diseases. Beyond inadequate dietary intake, vitamin B12 deficiency might be caused by insufficient bioavailability, blood transport disruptions, or impaired cellular uptake and metabolism. Despite nearly 70 years of knowledge since the isolation and characterization of this vitamin, there are still gaps in understanding its metabolic pathways. Thus, this review aims to compile current knowledge about the crucial proteins necessary to efficiently accumulate and process vitamin B12 in humans, presenting these systems as a multi-protein network. The epidemiological consequences, diagnosis, and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency are also highlighted. We also discuss clinical warnings of vitamin B12 deficiency based on the ongoing test of specific moonlighting proteins engaged in vitamin B12 metabolic pathways.
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Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12 , Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Vitamina B 12/metabolismo , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12/metabolismo , Redes y Vías Metabólicas , AnimalesRESUMEN
A disturbance in the metabolism of homocysteine in both the mother and the fetus has been implicated in several placental vasculopathy-related disorders, including pregnancy loss. This study aimed to provide insights into the potential role of homocysteine, Vitamin B12, and folic acid in early pregnancy losses, with a specific focus on the Turkish population. The results of 93 pregnant women who experienced miscarriage between 5 and 14 gestational weeks and 93 healthy pregnant women at the same gestational weeks were compared. The demographic and pregnancy characteristics of all pregnant women were recorded. Vitamin B12, folic acid, and homocysteine levels were measured in serum samples obtained from the groups at similar gestational weeks. In addition, any associations between these biomarkers and different types of pregnancy loss, such as spontaneous abortion and missed abortion, were evaluated. Vitamin B12 and folic acid serum levels were significantly lower in women with miscarriages (Pâ =â .019, Pâ <â .001, respectively). Homocysteine levels were higher in the patient group (Pâ <â .001). Logistic regression analysis showed that a higher homocysteine level was the only predictive factor of miscarriage (Pâ =â .001, odds ratioâ =â 0.596); however, folic acid and Vitamin B12 were not predictive factors. There was no significant difference in homocysteine and micronutrient levels between women with missed abortions and women with spontaneous abortions (Pâ >â .05). Our results support the continuing evidence of a link between maternal homocysteine levels and fetal loss. However, in exploring the shared pathways in the underlying mechanisms causing the 2 forms of pregnancy loss, maternal blood analysis showed no relationship.
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Aborto Espontáneo , Ácido Fólico , Homocisteína , Hiperhomocisteinemia , Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Femenino , Hiperhomocisteinemia/sangre , Hiperhomocisteinemia/epidemiología , Embarazo , Adulto , Ácido Fólico/sangre , Vitamina B 12/sangre , Estudios Retrospectivos , Aborto Espontáneo/epidemiología , Aborto Espontáneo/sangre , Homocisteína/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Turquía/epidemiología , Biomarcadores/sangre , Centros de Atención TerciariaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Data have shown that vitamin B12 has immunomodulatory effects via different pathways, which could influence the pathophysiology of sepsis. The objective of this study was to investigate whether vitamin B12 levels, assessed by the measurement of holotranscobalamin (HTC), total vitamin B12 (B12), and methylmalonic acid (MMA, which accumulates in case of B12 deficiency), are associated with the development of sepsis in patients with onset of bacterial infection. METHODS: This was a single-center, prospective observational pilot study. Adult patients who presented to the emergency department with bacterial infection confirmed by a positive microbiological culture result were included in the study and followed up for 6 days to assess whether they developed sepsis or not. The primary objective was to compare HTC concentration in patients who developed sepsis to those who did not develop sepsis. Secondary objectives were the evaluation of B12 and MMA concentrations in those two groups. Multiple logistic regression models were used, with presence of sepsis as the outcome variable, and HTC, B12, and MMA concentrations as predictor variables, separately, and adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: From 2019 to 2022, 2131 patients were assessed for eligibility, of whom 100 met the inclusion criteria. One patient was excluded from the analysis due to missing data. Of the 99 patients, 29 developed sepsis. There was no evidence for an association between HTC or B12 concentration and the development of sepsis (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.31-1.29, p = 0.232, OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.44-1.54, p = 0.584, respectively). There was an association between MMA concentration and the development of sepsis, with a positive effect, i.e. with increasing MMA, the odds for sepsis increased (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.21-4.87, p = 0.014). This association remained significant when adjusted for confounders (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.23-6.60, p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Our study found an association between elevated MMA concentration and the development of sepsis. We did not find an association between HTC and B12 concentrations and the development of sepsis. Further, larger studies are warranted, as it could lead to interventional trials investigating whether B12 supplementation provides a clinical benefit to patients with infection or sepsis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT04008446 on June 17, 2019.
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Infecciones Bacterianas , Sepsis , Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Estudios Prospectivos , Masculino , Femenino , Vitamina B 12/sangre , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Proyectos Piloto , Ácido Metilmalónico/sangre , Adulto , Transcobalaminas/análisis , Anciano de 80 o más AñosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies in pregnant women are associated with increased risk for adverse maternal and infant health outcomes, including neural tube defects (NTDs). METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in two rural areas in Ambala District, Haryana, India in 2017 to assess baseline folate and vitamin B12 status among women of reproductive age (WRA) and predict the prevalence of NTDs. We calculated the prevalence of folate and vitamin B12 deficiency and insufficiency by demographic characteristics among 775 non-pregnant, non-lactating WRA (18-49 years). Using red blood cell (RBC) folate distributions and an established Bayesian model, we predicted NTD prevalence. All analyses were conducted using SAS-callable SUDAAN Version 11.0.4 to account for complex survey design. RESULTS: Among WRA, 10.1% (95% CI: 7.9, 12.7) and 9.3% (95% CI: 7.4, 11.6) had serum (<7 nmol/L) and RBC folate (<305 nmol/L) deficiency, respectively. The prevalence of RBC folate insufficiency (<748 nmol/L) was 78.3% (95% CI: 75.0, 81.3) and the predicted NTD prevalence was 21.0 (95% uncertainly interval: 16.9, 25.9) per 10,000 live births. Prevalences of vitamin B12 deficiency (<200 pg/mL) and marginal deficiency (≥200 pg/mL and ≤300 pg/mL) were 57.7% (95% CI: 53.9, 61.4) and 23.5% (95% CI: 20.4, 26.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of folate insufficiency and vitamin B12 deficiency in this Northern Indian population is a substantial public health concern. The findings from the survey help establish the baseline against which results from future post-fortification surveys can be compared.
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Deficiencia de Ácido Fólico , Ácido Fólico , Defectos del Tubo Neural , Población Rural , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12 , Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Femenino , Defectos del Tubo Neural/epidemiología , Defectos del Tubo Neural/etiología , India/epidemiología , Adulto , Ácido Fólico/sangre , Vitamina B 12/sangre , Prevalencia , Estudios Transversales , Embarazo , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12/epidemiología , Deficiencia de Ácido Fólico/epidemiología , Deficiencia de Ácido Fólico/sangre , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Persona de Mediana Edad , Teorema de BayesRESUMEN
Vitamin B12 deficiency poses significant health risks, especially among populations with limited access to animal-based foods. This study explores the utilisation of cereal bran by-products, wheat (WB) and oat bran (OB), as substrates for in situ vitamin B12 fortification through solid-state fermentation (SSF) using Propionibacterium freudenreichii. The impact of various precursors addition, including riboflavin, cobalt, nicotinamide and DMBI on vitamin B12 production, along with changes in microbial growth, chemical profiles, and vitamin B12 yields during fermentation was evaluated. Results showed that WB and OB possess favourable constituents for microbial growth and vitamin B12 synthesis. The substrates supplemented with riboflavin, cobalt, and DMBI demonstrated enhanced B12 production. In addition, pH levels are essential in microbial viability and cobalamin biosynthesis. Monosaccharides and organic acids play a crucial role, with maltose showing a strong positive association with B12 production in OB, while in WB, citric acid exhibits significant correlations with various factors.
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Avena , Fermentación , Alimentos Fortificados , Triticum , Vitamina B 12 , Vitamina B 12/análisis , Vitamina B 12/metabolismo , Avena/química , Avena/metabolismo , Avena/microbiología , Triticum/química , Triticum/metabolismo , Triticum/microbiología , Triticum/crecimiento & desarrollo , Alimentos Fortificados/análisis , Grano Comestible/química , Grano Comestible/microbiología , Grano Comestible/metabolismoRESUMEN
Metabolic exchange plays a crucial role in shaping microbial community interactions and functions, including the exchange of small molecules such as cofactors. Cofactors are fundamental to enzyme catalytic activities; however, the role of cofactors in microbial stress tolerance is unclear. Here, we constructed a synergistic consortium containing two strains that could efficiently mineralize di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate under hyperosmotic stress. Integration of transcriptomic analysis, metabolic profiling, and a genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) facilitated the discovery of the potential mechanism of microbial interactions. Multi-omics analysis revealed that the vitamin B12-dependent methionine-folate cycle could be a key pathway for enhancing the hyperosmotic stress tolerance of synergistic consortium. Further GEM simulations revealed interspecies exchange of S-adenosyl-L-methionine and riboflavin, cofactors needed for vitamin B12 biosynthesis, which was confirmed by in vitro experiments. Overall, we proposed a new mechanism of bacterial hyperosmotic stress tolerance: bacteria might promote the production of vitamin B12 to enhance biofilm formation, and the species collaborate with each other by exchanging cofactors to improve consortium hyperosmotic stress tolerance. These findings offer new insights into the role of cofactors in microbial interactions and stress tolerance and are potentially exploitable for environmental remediation. IMPORTANCE: Metabolic interactions (also known as cross-feeding) are thought to be ubiquitous in microbial communities. Cross-feeding is the basis for many positive interactions (e.g., mutualism) and is a primary driver of microbial community assembly. In this study, a combination of multi-omics analysis and metabolic modeling simulation was used to reveal the metabolic interactions of a synthetic consortium under hyperosmotic stress. Interspecies cofactor exchange was found to promote biofilm formation under hyperosmotic stress. This provides a new perspective for understanding the role of metabolic interactions in microbial communities to enhance environmental adaptation, which is significant for improving the efficiency of production activities and environmental bioremediation.
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Biopelículas , Biopelículas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Vitamina B 12/metabolismo , Interacciones Microbianas , Estrés Fisiológico/fisiología , Presión Osmótica/fisiología , Bacterias/metabolismo , Bacterias/genética , S-Adenosilmetionina/metabolismoRESUMEN
AIM: To evaluate the effects of methylprednisolone and vitamin B12 injection on the regeneration of the nerves after a mental nerve crush injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 40 albino Wistar rats have been randomly divided into four groups: group 1 (n=10): crushlike nerve damage was created by pinching the left mental nerve for 60 s with an aneurysm clip and intraperitoneally administered 1 ml of saline for 14 days; group 2 (n=10): the left mental nerve was pinched for 60 s with an aneurysm clip and intraperitoneally administered 2 mg/kg of methylprednisolone for 14 days; group 3, experimental group (n=10): the left mental nerve was pinched for 60 s with an aneurysm clip and intraperitoneally administered 2 mg/kg of vitamin B12 for 14 days; and group 4, experimental group (n=10): the left mental nerve was pinched for 60 s and intraperitoneally administered 2 mg/kg of methylprednisolone and 2 mg/kg of vitamin B12 for 14 days. All rats were sacrificed on the 28th postoperative day, and histopathological evaluation was performed. RESULTS: Nerve damage was higher in the control group than in other groups (p < 0.05). When Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) expression levels were compared, no major differences were observed between the methylprednisolone and control groups (p > 0.05). The B12 and B12+methylprednisolone groups reached significantly higher NCAM expression levels compared to the control and methylprednisolone groups. When the myelin basic protein (MBP) expression levels were compared (p < 0.05), the MBP expression was significantly higher in all experimental groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Systemic vitamin B12 and methylprednisolone administration effectively supported remyelination in the crushed mental nerve by increasing Schwann cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Metilprednisolona , Regeneración Nerviosa , Ratas Wistar , Vitamina B 12 , Animales , Metilprednisolona/administración & dosificación , Metilprednisolona/farmacología , Vitamina B 12/administración & dosificación , Vitamina B 12/farmacología , Regeneración Nerviosa/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Masculino , Moléculas de Adhesión de Célula Nerviosa/metabolismo , Compresión Nerviosa , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/administración & dosificación , Modelos Animales de EnfermedadRESUMEN
AIM: Postprandial glycemic fluctuations after gastrectomy are seen in patients with gastric cancer but, no studies have investigated the association between gastrectomy and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in gastric cancer survivors. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between gastrectomy (total or subtotal) and incident T2DM. In addition, we explored whether vitamin B12 supplementation modulates this risk among patients who have undergone total gastrectomy. METHODS: In this large nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study using the National Health Insurance Service database of South Korea, we identified patients aged >20 years who underwent gastrectomy from 2008 to 2015 (n = 150,074) and age- and sex-matched controls without gastrectomy (n = 301,508). A Cox proportional hazards model was used. RESULTS: During the median follow-up duration of 4.4 years after the 2-year time lag after gastrectomy, of the 78,006 subjects, 4,597 (5.9 %) developed T2DM. Compared with matched controls, the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR[95 % confidence interval]) for T2DM of patients with total gastrectomy was 1.34[1.23;1.47]. The corresponding AHR after subtotal gastrectomy was 0.81[0.76;0.86]. Among the patients with total gastrectomy, the risk of T2DM was significantly increased in those who did not receive any vitamin B12 supplementation (AHR=1.60[1.33;1.92]), whereas the risk of T2DM was lower (close to being statistically significant) in those who received continuous vitamin B12 supplementation after gastrectomy (AHR=0.70[0.49;1.01]). CONCLUSION: These results show a significantly reduced risk of T2DM in gastric cancer patients undergoing subtotal gastrectomy and a significantly increased risk of T2DM in gastric cancer patients undergoing total gastrectomy, which is mitigated by continuous vitamin B12 supplementation.