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Understanding how the environment mediates an organism's ability to meet basic survival requirements is a fundamental goal of ecology. Vessel noise is a global threat to marine ecosystems and is increasing in intensity and spatiotemporal extent due to growth in shipping coupled with physical changes to ocean soundscapes from ocean warming and acidification. Odontocetes rely on biosonar to forage, yet determining the consequences of vessel noise on foraging has been limited by the challenges of observing underwater foraging outcomes and measuring noise levels received by individuals. To address these challenges, we leveraged a unique acoustic and movement dataset from 25 animal-borne biologging tags temporarily attached to individuals from two populations of fish-eating killer whales (Orcinus orca) in highly transited coastal waters to (1) test for the effects of vessel noise on foraging behaviors-searching (slow-click echolocation), pursuit (buzzes), and capture and (2) investigate the mechanism of interference. For every 1 dB increase in maximum noise level, there was a 4% increase in the odds of searching for prey by both sexes, a 58% decrease in the odds of pursuit by females and a 12.5% decrease in the odds of prey capture by both sexes. Moreover, all but one deep (≥75 m) foraging attempt with noise ≥110 dB re 1 µPa (15-45 kHz band; n = 6 dives by n = 4 whales) resulted in failed prey capture. These responses are consistent with an auditory masking mechanism. Our findings demonstrate the effects of vessel noise across multiple phases of odontocete foraging, underscoring the importance of managing anthropogenic inputs into soundscapes to achieve conservation objectives for acoustically sensitive species. While the timescales for recovering depleted prey species may span decades, these findings suggest that complementary actions to reduce ocean noise in the short term offer a critical pathway for recovering odontocete foraging opportunities.
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Orca , Animales , Femenino , Orca/fisiología , Masculino , Navíos , Ruido/efectos adversos , Conducta Alimentaria , Ecolocación/fisiología , Ruido del Transporte/efectos adversos , Conducta PredatoriaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Newborns are exposed to varying degrees of stressful interventions due to procedures such as heel lancing used in routine metabolic screenings. It is an examination of the effects of white noise and kangaroo care on some physiological parameters and stress markers (cortisol and glucose-regulated protein 78-GRP78) in heel lancing in newborns. METHODS: Randomized controlled study was conducted at a gynecology service of a hospital between January and September 2023. 90 babies were divided into three groups: 30 babies in the Kangaroo Care Group (KCG), 30 babies in the White Music Group (WMG), and 30 babies in the Control Group (CG). All babies were randomly divided into groups. Stress parameters were measured by saliva collection method and physiological parameters by saturation device. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was determined between the total crying time, pulse and saturation values ââaccording to the groups (p < 0.001; p = 0.001). A statistically significant difference was determined between the mean values ââof cortisol and GRP78 measurements according to group and time interaction (p < 0.001). KCG was more effective in reducing total crying time and stabilizing pulse, saturation, salivary cortisol, GRP-78 values compared to WNG and CG. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that white noise and kangaroo care help reduce newborns' stress in the case of heel lancing. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The practice of kangaroo care and the use of white noise methods may assist healthcare professionals as supportive methods in stress management during invasive procedures. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT06278441, registered on 19/02/2024.
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Chaperón BiP del Retículo Endoplásmico , Hidrocortisona , Método Madre-Canguro , Ruido , Saliva , Estrés Fisiológico , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Hidrocortisona/análisis , Hidrocortisona/metabolismo , Femenino , Saliva/química , Saliva/metabolismo , Masculino , Ruido/efectos adversos , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/metabolismo , Talón , LlantoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between noise disturbance at home, sleep disturbance, and neurodevelopmental problems in 9-year-old children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Noise exposure (frequency) perceived by 430 9-year-old children from the INMA cohort in Valencia, Spain, were reported by their mothers. The risk of developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as internalizing and externalizing problems, were assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist. RESULTS: The risk of internalizing (18%) and externalizing problems (11.7%) was higher compared to the risk of developing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1.4%) and were more prevalent in boys than in girls. The most common and bothersome noise exposures were generated at home (50.8-55.3%) and by neighbours (24.5%). The risk of neurodevelopmental problems was associated with sleep disturbances, particularly in relation with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (16.1 vs 4%; p<0.001), with no differences observed between sex. Sleep disturbances were significantly more common in children exposed to noise from household or neighbours. High levels of noise exposure from street traffic and neighbours were linked to an increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, while noise from other children at home was associated with a higher risk of internalizing and externalizing problems. These effects remained consistent even after adjusting for sleep disturbances. CONCLUSIONS: High levels of noise annoyance from various sources perceived at home are differently associated with the risks of different neurodevelopmental problems in 9-year-old boys and girls, with sleep disturbances not influencing this relationship.
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Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad , Ruido , Humanos , Niño , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/epidemiología , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/etiología , Masculino , Femenino , Ruido/efectos adversos , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/epidemiología , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/etiología , EmocionesRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Traffic-related air and noise pollution are important public health issues. The aim of this study was to estimate their effects on allergic/respiratory outcomes in adult and elderly subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six hundred and forty-five subjects living in Pisa (Tuscany, Italy) were investigated through a questionnaire on allergic/respiratory symptoms and diseases. Traffic-related air pollution and noise exposures were assessed at residential address by questionnaire, modelled annual mean NO2 concentrations (1 km and 200 m resolution), and noise level over a 24-h period (Lden). Exposure effects were assessed through logistic regression models stratified by age group (18-64 years, ≥65 years), and adjusted for sex, educational level, occupational exposure, and smoking habits. RESULTS: 63.6% of the subjects reported traffic exposure near home. Mean exposure levels were: 28.24 (±3.26 SD) and 27.23 (±3.16 SD) µg/m3 for NO2 at 200 m and 1 km of resolution, respectively; 57.79 dB(A) (±6.12 SD) for Lden. Exposure to vehicular traffic (by questionnaire) and to high noise levels [Lden ≥ 60 dB(A)] were significantly associated with higher odds of allergic rhinitis (OR 2.01, 95%CI 1.09-3.70, and OR 1.99, 95%CI 1.18-3.36, respectively) and borderline with rhino-conjunctivitis (OR 2.20, 95%CI 0.95-5.10, and OR 1.76, 95%CI 0.91-3.42, respectively) only in the elderly. No significant result emerged for NO2. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlighted the need to better assess the effect of traffic-related exposure in the elderly, considering the increasing trend in the future global population's ageing.
Global population is ageing.Allergic diseases are globally widespread even on adult population.The susceptibility due to ageing may increase the impact of air pollution on the elderly.Traffic-related air and noise pollution affects allergic status of the elderly.
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Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Italia/epidemiología , Adulto , Adolescente , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/efectos adversos , Adulto Joven , Contaminación del Aire/efectos adversos , Contaminación por Tráfico Vehicular/efectos adversos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Emisiones de Vehículos , Ruido/efectos adversos , Rinitis Alérgica/epidemiología , Rinitis Alérgica/etiología , Hipersensibilidad/epidemiología , Hipersensibilidad/etiología , Modelos Logísticos , Dióxido de Nitrógeno/efectos adversos , Dióxido de Nitrógeno/análisis , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/efectos adversos , Ruido del Transporte/efectos adversosRESUMEN
In order to develop effective strategies to address noise annoyance, it is essential to develop an explanatory model of the psychological mechanism(s) by which noise becomes annoying. Two online studies were conducted in which a total of 193 participants completed speech perception tasks with varying degrees of background noise. Signal-to-noise ratio levels ranged from -2 to -10 dB. The crucial manipulation in both experiments concerned participants' sense of control over the noise level in the task. Dependent measures were task performance, a self-reported measure of frustration with the task, and self-reported sensitivity (trait) to noise. Results showed small but significant effects of noise sensitivity and sense of control on subjective frustration. In both experiments, more noise-sensitive individuals expressed greater frustration than did those reporting less noise sensitivity. In addition, in experiment 2 there was a significant interaction between sense of control and noise level. Listeners under the higher noise-level conditions expressed relatively similar degrees of frustration irrespective of their sense of control, while those under the lower noise-level condition showed lower frustration with greater sense of control. Results support Stallen's [(1999). Noise Health 1(3), 69-79] theoretical framework of noise annoyance, but also suggest the need for further research under more ecologically plausible conditions.
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Frustación , Ruido , Percepción del Habla , Humanos , Ruido/efectos adversos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Estimulación Acústica , Adolescente , Enmascaramiento Perceptual , Persona de Mediana Edad , Umbral AuditivoRESUMEN
Noise adaptation is the improvement in auditory function as the signal of interest is delayed in the noise. Here, we investigated if noise adaptation occurs in spectral, temporal, and spectrotemporal modulation detection as well as in speech recognition. Eighteen normal-hearing adults participated in the experiments. In the modulation detection tasks, the signal was a 200ms spectrally and/or temporally modulated ripple noise. The spectral modulation rate was two cycles per octave, the temporal modulation rate was 10 Hz, and the spectrotemporal modulations combined these two modulations, which resulted in a downward-moving ripple. A control experiment was performed to determine if the results generalized to upward-moving ripples. In the speech recognition task, the signal consisted of disyllabic words unprocessed or vocoded to maintain only envelope cues. Modulation detection thresholds at 0 dB signal-to-noise ratio and speech reception thresholds were measured in quiet and in white noise (at 60 dB SPL) for noise-signal onset delays of 50 ms (early condition) and 800 ms (late condition). Adaptation was calculated as the threshold difference between the early and late conditions. Adaptation in word recognition was statistically significant for vocoded words (2.1 dB) but not for natural words (0.6 dB). Adaptation was found to be statistically significant in spectral (2.1 dB) and temporal (2.2 dB) modulation detection but not in spectrotemporal modulation detection (downward ripple: 0.0 dB, upward ripple: -0.4 dB). Findings suggest that noise adaptation in speech recognition is unrelated to improvements in the encoding of spectrotemporal modulation cues.
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Estimulación Acústica , Umbral Auditivo , Ruido , Enmascaramiento Perceptual , Reconocimiento en Psicología , Percepción del Habla , Humanos , Percepción del Habla/fisiología , Ruido/efectos adversos , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Adulto Joven , Umbral Auditivo/fisiología , Reconocimiento en Psicología/fisiología , Enmascaramiento Perceptual/fisiología , Factores de Tiempo , Adaptación Fisiológica/fisiología , Señales (Psicología) , Prueba del Umbral de Recepción del Habla , Espectrografía del Sonido , Inteligibilidad del Habla/fisiologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Tinnitus is a prevalent and disabling condition characterized by the perception of sound in the absence of external acoustic stimuli. The hyperactivity of the auditory pathway is a crucial factor in the development of tinnitus. This study aims to examine genetic expression variations in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) and inferior colliculus (IC) following the onset of tinnitus using transcriptomic analysis. The goal is to investigate the relationship between hyperactivity in the DCN and IC. METHODS: To confirm the presence of tinnitus behavior, we utilized the gap pre-pulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS) response paradigm. In addition, we conducted auditory brainstem response (ABR) tests to determine the baseline hearing thresholds, and repeated the test one week after subjecting the rats to noise exposure (8-16 kHz, 126 dBHL, 2 h). Samples of tissue were collected from the DCN and IC in both the tinnitus and non-tinnitus groups of rats. We employed RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR techniques to analyze the changes in gene expression between these two groups. This allowed us to identify any specific genes or gene pathways that may be associated with the development or maintenance of tinnitus in the DCN and IC. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated tinnitus-like behavior in rats exposed to noise, as evidenced by GPIAS measurements. We identified 61 upregulated genes and 189 downregulated genes in the DCN, along with 396 upregulated genes and 195 downregulated genes in the IC. Enrichment analysis of the DCN revealed the involvement of ion transmembrane transport regulation, synaptic transmission, and negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processes in the development of tinnitus. In the IC, the enrichment analysis indicated that glutamatergic synapses and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways may significantly contribute to the process of tinnitus development. Additionally, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed, and 9 hub genes were selected based on their betweenness centrality rank in the DCN and IC, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal enrichment of differential expressed genes (DEGs) associated with pathways linked to alterations in neuronal excitability within the DCN and IC when comparing the tinnitus group to the non-tinnitus group. This indicates an increased trend in neuronal excitability within both the DCN and IC in the tinnitus model rats. Additionally, the enriched signaling pathways within the DCN related to changes in synaptic plasticity suggest that the excitability changes may propagate to IC. NEW AND NOTEWORTHY: Our findings reveal gene expression alterations in neuronal excitability within the DCN and IC when comparing the tinnitus group to the non-tinnitus group at the transcriptome level. Additionally, the enriched signaling pathways related to changes in synaptic plasticity in the differentially expressed genes within the DCN suggest that the excitability changes may propagate to IC.
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Núcleo Coclear , Potenciales Evocados Auditivos del Tronco Encefálico , Colículos Inferiores , Ruido , Acúfeno , Animales , Colículos Inferiores/metabolismo , Colículos Inferiores/fisiopatología , Acúfeno/genética , Acúfeno/fisiopatología , Acúfeno/metabolismo , Núcleo Coclear/metabolismo , Núcleo Coclear/fisiopatología , Ratas , Masculino , Ruido/efectos adversos , Potenciales Evocados Auditivos del Tronco Encefálico/fisiología , Transcriptoma , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Reflejo de Sobresalto , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica/métodosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Environmental factors such as noise and music can significantly impact physiological responses, including inflammation. This study explored how environmental factors like noise and music affect lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, with a focus on systemic and organ-specific responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 24 Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 6 per group): Control group, LPS group, noise-exposed group, and music-exposed group. All rats, except for the Control group, received 10 mg/kg LPS intraperitoneally. The rats in the noise-exposed group were exposed to 95 dB noise, and the music-exposed group listened to Mozart's K. 448 music (65-75 dB) for 1 h daily over 7 days. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized to detect the levels of inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß), in serum and tissues (lung, liver, and kidney). Western blot examined the phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 in organ tissues. RESULTS: Compared with the Control group, LPS-induced sepsis rats displayed a significant increase in the levels of TNF-α and IL-1ß in serum, lung, liver, and kidney tissues, as well as a remarkable elevation in the p-NF-κB p65 protein expression in lung, liver, and kidney tissues. Noise exposure further amplified these inflammatory markers, while music exposure reduced them in LPS-induced sepsis rats. CONCLUSION: Noise exposure exacerbates inflammation by activating the NF-κB pathway, leading to the up-regulation of inflammatory markers during sepsis. On the contrary, music exposure inhibits NF-κB signaling, indicating a potential therapeutic effect in reducing inflammation.
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Lipopolisacáridos , Música , Ruido , Ratas Wistar , Sepsis , Animales , Lipopolisacáridos/toxicidad , Sepsis/inmunología , Sepsis/complicaciones , Ruido/efectos adversos , Masculino , Interleucina-1beta/sangre , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Pulmón/inmunología , Pulmón/metabolismo , Inflamación , Hígado/metabolismo , Ratas , Riñón/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Citocinas/sangre , Citocinas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Macrophages serve as the primary immune cell population and assume a pivotal role in the immune response within the damaged cochleae. Yet, the origin and role of macrophages in response to noise exposure remain controversial. Here, we take advantage of Ccr2RFP/+ Cx3cr1GFP/+ dual-reporter mice to identify the infiltrated and tissue-resident macrophages. After noise exposure, we reveal that activated resident macrophages change in morphology, increase in abundance, and migrate to the region of hair cells, leading to the loss of outer hair cells and the damage of ribbon synapses. Meanwhile, peripheral monocytes are not implicated in the noise-induced hair cell insults. These noise-induced activities of macrophages are abolished by inhibiting TLR4 signaling, resulting in alleviated insults of hair cells and partial recovery of hearing. Our findings indicate cochlear resident macrophages are pro-inflammatory and detrimental players in acoustic trauma and introduce a potential therapeutic target in noise-induced hearing loss.
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Pérdida Auditiva Provocada por Ruido , Macrófagos , Animales , Pérdida Auditiva Provocada por Ruido/patología , Pérdida Auditiva Provocada por Ruido/inmunología , Macrófagos/inmunología , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Receptor Toll-Like 4/metabolismo , Receptor Toll-Like 4/genética , Células Ciliadas Auditivas/patología , Células Ciliadas Auditivas/metabolismo , Ruido/efectos adversos , Activación de Macrófagos , Cóclea/patología , Cóclea/inmunología , Cóclea/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones TransgénicosRESUMEN
In everyday acoustic environments, reverberation alters the speech signal received at the ears. Normal-hearing listeners are robust to these distortions, quickly recalibrating to achieve accurate speech perception. Over the past two decades, multiple studies have investigated the various adaptation mechanisms that listeners use to mitigate the negative impacts of reverberation and improve speech intelligibility. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review of these studies, with the aim to summarize existing research, identify open questions, and propose future directions. Two researchers independently assessed a total of 661 studies, ultimately including 23 in the review. Our results showed that adaptation to reverberant speech is robust across diverse environments, experimental setups, speech units, and tasks, in noise-masked or unmasked conditions. The time course of adaptation is rapid, sometimes occurring in less than 1â s, but this can vary depending on the reverberation and noise levels of the acoustic environment. Adaptation is stronger in moderately reverberant rooms and minimal in rooms with very intense reverberation. While the mechanisms underlying the recalibration are largely unknown, adaptation to the direct-to-reverberant ratio-related changes in amplitude modulation appears to be the predominant candidate. However, additional factors need to be explored to provide a unified theory for the effect and its applications.
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Adaptación Fisiológica , Ruido , Inteligibilidad del Habla , Percepción del Habla , Humanos , Percepción del Habla/fisiología , Ruido/efectos adversos , Estimulación Acústica , Enmascaramiento Perceptual , Acústica del Lenguaje , AcústicaRESUMEN
A speech intelligibility (SI) prediction model is proposed that includes an auditory preprocessing component based on the physiological anatomy and activity of the human ear, a hierarchical spiking neural network, and a decision back-end processing based on correlation analysis. The auditory preprocessing component effectively captures advanced physiological details of the auditory system, such as retrograde traveling waves, longitudinal coupling, and cochlear nonlinearity. The ability of the model to predict data from normal-hearing listeners under various additive noise conditions was considered. The predictions closely matched the experimental test data under all conditions. Furthermore, we developed a lumped mass model of a McGee stainless-steel piston with the middle-ear to study the recovery of individuals with otosclerosis. We show that the proposed SI model accurately simulates the effect of middle-ear intervention on SI. Consequently, the model establishes a model-based relationship between objective measures of human ear damage, like distortion product otoacoustic emissions, and speech perception. Moreover, the SI model can serve as a robust tool for optimizing parameters and for preoperative assessment of artificial stimuli, providing a valuable reference for clinical treatments of conductive hearing loss.
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Redes Neurales de la Computación , Inteligibilidad del Habla , Percepción del Habla , Humanos , Percepción del Habla/fisiología , Estimulación Acústica , Oído Medio/fisiología , Ruido/efectos adversos , Emisiones Otoacústicas Espontáneas , Otosclerosis/fisiopatología , Otosclerosis/cirugía , Simulación por Computador , Vías Auditivas/fisiología , Cóclea/fisiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an architectural redesign and a multicomponent intervention bundle on noise reduction to enhance workplace safety. METHODS/DESIGN: Quasi-experimental study with a time-series and intensified intervention design conducted in an intermediate care unit. Two interventions were sequential introduced: the installation of a partition wall in the medication preparation room (architectural redesign) and the implementation of an a bundle. Effects on outcomes were evaluated comparing baseline, after architectural redesign (period-1) and after implementation of the bundle (period-2). SETTING: Intermediate care unit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A-weighted sound levels (LAeq), alarms/day/bed, annoyance ratings (numeric rating scale 0-10) and number of distractions of nurses during the medication preparation process. RESULTS: LAeq baseline vs period-1, decreased in the medication preparation area from 56.8 (±5.0) to 53.7 (±7.2) dBA (p < 0.001) and in the nursing station from 56.8 (±5.0) to 54.3 (±4.0) dBA (p < 0.001). During period-2, further noise reduction was minimal to absent. Distractions decreased from 58 % during baseline to 45 % (p < 0.001) during period-1, with no further reduction during period-2. The median [IQR] number of alarms/day/bed increased from 263 [IQR 193-320] during baseline to 394 [IQR 258-474] during period-1 (p < 0.001), then decreased to 303 [IQR 264-370] (p < 0.05) during period-2. Median annoyance ratings decreased from baseline 3.0 [IQR 2.0-6.0] to 2.0 [IQR 1.0-3.0] (p < 0.001) during period-2. CONCLUSION: An architectural redesign resulted in a significant, clinically relevant decrease in sound levels along with a notable reduction in distractions. The multicomponent bundle lowered alarms and annoyance ratings; however, its effectiveness on other outcomes seems less persuasive. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: Architectural redesign seems to be effective in controlling environmental noise. Architectural redesign results in a decrease in nurses' distractions during the medication preparation process. The effect of an intervention bundle is, despite a positive effect on alarms and perceived annoyance, still insufficiently clear.
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Ruido , Humanos , Ruido/prevención & control , Ruido/efectos adversos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Ruido en el Ambiente de Trabajo/estadística & datos numéricos , Ruido en el Ambiente de Trabajo/efectos adversos , Ruido en el Ambiente de Trabajo/prevención & controlRESUMEN
Participation in complex listening situations such as group conversations in noisy environments sets high demands on the auditory system and on cognitive processing. Reports of hearing-impaired people indicate that strenuous listening situations occurring throughout the day lead to feelings of fatigue at the end of the day. The aim of the present study was to develop a suitable test sequence to evoke and measure listening effort (LE) and listening-related fatigue (LRF), and, to evaluate the influence of hearing aid use on both dimensions in mild to moderately hearing-impaired participants. The chosen approach aims to reconstruct a representative acoustic day (Time Compressed Acoustic Day [TCAD]) by means of an eight-part hearing-test sequence with a total duration of approximately 2½ h. For this purpose, the hearing test sequence combined four different listening tasks with five different acoustic scenarios and was presented to the 20 test subjects using virtual acoustics in an open field measurement in aided and unaided conditions. Besides subjective ratings of LE and LRF, behavioral measures (response accuracy, reaction times), and an attention test (d2-R) were performed prior to and after the TCAD. Furthermore, stress hormones were evaluated by taking salivary samples. Subjective ratings of LRF increased throughout the test sequence. This effect was observed to be higher when testing unaided. In three of the eight listening tests, the aided condition led to significantly faster reaction times/response accuracies than in the unaided condition. In the d2-R test, an interaction in processing speed between time (pre- vs. post-TCAD) and provision (unaided vs. aided) was found suggesting an influence of hearing aid provision on LRF. A comparison of the averaged subjective ratings at the beginning and end of the TCAD shows a significant increase in LRF for both conditions. At the end of the TCAD, subjective fatigue was significantly lower when wearing hearing aids. The analysis of stress hormones did not reveal significant effects.
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Estimulación Acústica , Audífonos , Ruido , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Ruido/efectos adversos , Corrección de Deficiencia Auditiva/instrumentación , Corrección de Deficiencia Auditiva/métodos , Atención , Personas con Deficiencia Auditiva/psicología , Personas con Deficiencia Auditiva/rehabilitación , Adulto , Fatiga Auditiva , Factores de Tiempo , Tiempo de Reacción , Realidad Virtual , Percepción Auditiva/fisiología , Fatiga , Pérdida Auditiva/psicología , Pérdida Auditiva/rehabilitación , Pérdida Auditiva/fisiopatología , Pérdida Auditiva/diagnóstico , Percepción del Habla/fisiología , Saliva/metabolismo , Saliva/química , Audición , Umbral AuditivoRESUMEN
Auditory training can lead to notable enhancements in specific tasks, but whether these improvements generalize to untrained tasks like speech-in-noise (SIN) recognition remains uncertain. This study examined how training conditions affect generalization. Fifty-five young adults were divided into "Trained-in-Quiet" (n = 15), "Trained-in-Noise" (n = 20), and "Control" (n = 20) groups. Participants completed two sessions. The first session involved an assessment of SIN recognition and voice discrimination (VD) with word or sentence stimuli, employing combined fundamental frequency (F0) + formant frequencies voice cues. Subsequently, only the trained groups proceeded to an interleaved training phase, encompassing six VD blocks with sentence stimuli, utilizing either F0-only or formant-only cues. The second session replicated the interleaved training for the trained groups, followed by a second assessment conducted by all three groups, identical to the first session. Results showed significant improvements in the trained task regardless of training conditions. However, VD training with a single cue did not enhance VD with both cues beyond control group improvements, suggesting limited generalization. Notably, the Trained-in-Noise group exhibited the most significant SIN recognition improvements posttraining, implying generalization across tasks that share similar acoustic conditions. Overall, findings suggest training conditions impact generalization by influencing processing levels associated with the trained task. Training in noisy conditions may prompt higher auditory and/or cognitive processing than training in quiet, potentially extending skills to tasks involving challenging listening conditions, such as SIN recognition. These insights hold significant theoretical and clinical implications, potentially advancing the development of effective auditory training protocols.
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Estimulación Acústica , Señales (Psicología) , Generalización Psicológica , Ruido , Percepción del Habla , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Percepción del Habla/fisiología , Ruido/efectos adversos , Adulto , Reconocimiento en Psicología , Enmascaramiento Perceptual , Adolescente , Acústica del Lenguaje , Calidad de la Voz , Aprendizaje Discriminativo/fisiología , Voz/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Recent research has become increasingly interested in the on-linear associations between noise levels and people's short-term noise annoyance. However, there has been limited investigation into measuring short-term noise annoyance and how different activity contexts may affect these non-linear associations. To address this research gap, this study measured people's short-term noise annoyance using real-time Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data and the Day Reconstruction Method's (DRM) recalled data. Corresponding noise levels were captured using Global Positioning Systems and portable noise sensors. Employing the Shapley additive explanations method, we examined the non-linear associations between noise level and people's real-time and recalled noise annoyance across different activity contexts. The results indicated that 1) People had greater sensitivity to noise levels in real-time annoyance (non-linear association threshold: 60 dB) compared to recalled annoyance, which had a higher non-linear association threshold of 70 dB. 2) The non-linear associations between noise level and people's real-time/recalled noise annoyance varied between different activity contexts. People tended to be more sensitive to noise in real-time annoyance than recalled annoyance on travel routes and at workplaces. 3) Among the factors examined, the contribution of noise level varied across activity contexts. Noise level contributed more significantly to people's real-time noise annoyance in outdoor recreational sites and on travel routes. These findings enhance our understanding of the non-linear association between noise level and people's short-term noise annoyance, moving beyond the linear paradigm. Policymakers should consider the non-linear relationships and different activity contexts when implementing noise control measures.
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Ruido , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Ruido/efectos adversos , Adulto Joven , Evaluación Ecológica Momentánea , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ruido del Transporte/efectos adversos , Sistemas de Información Geográfica , Dinámicas no LinealesRESUMEN
Older adults with normal hearing or with age-related hearing loss face challenges when listening to speech in noisy environments. To better serve individuals with communication difficulties, precision diagnostics are needed to characterize individuals' auditory perceptual and cognitive abilities beyond pure tone thresholds. These abilities can be heterogenous across individuals within the same population. The goal of the present study is to consider the suprathreshold variability and develop characteristic profiles for older adults with normal hearing (ONH) and with hearing loss (OHL). Auditory perceptual and cognitive abilities were tested on ONH (n = 20) and OHL (n = 20) on an abbreviated test battery using portable automated rapid testing. Using cluster analyses, three main profiles were revealed for each group, showing differences in auditory perceptual and cognitive abilities despite similar audiometric thresholds. Analysis of variance showed that ONH profiles differed in spatial release from masking, speech-in-babble testing, cognition, tone-in-noise, and binaural temporal processing abilities. The OHL profiles differed in spatial release from masking, speech-in-babble testing, cognition, and tolerance to background noise performance. Correlation analyses showed significant relationships between auditory and cognitive abilities in both groups. This study showed that auditory perceptual and cognitive deficits can be present to varying degrees in the presence of audiometrically normal hearing and among listeners with similar degrees of hearing loss. The results of this study inform the need for taking individual differences into consideration and developing targeted intervention options beyond pure tone thresholds and speech testing.
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Audiometría de Tonos Puros , Umbral Auditivo , Cognición , Ruido , Enmascaramiento Perceptual , Percepción del Habla , Humanos , Masculino , Cognición/fisiología , Femenino , Anciano , Umbral Auditivo/fisiología , Percepción del Habla/fisiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ruido/efectos adversos , Estimulación Acústica , Percepción Auditiva/fisiología , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Audición/fisiología , Factores de Edad , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Presbiacusia/diagnóstico , Presbiacusia/fisiopatología , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Audiología/métodos , Individualidad , Personas con Deficiencia Auditiva/psicología , Análisis por Conglomerados , Audiometría del Habla/métodosRESUMEN
Noisy tinnitus is a common auditory system disease characterized by persistent tinnitus symptoms. The TLR4/NF - κ B/NLRP3 signaling pathway plays an important role in neuroinflammatory response. Select 6 control and 6 noise exposed mice for transcriptome sequencing analysis in the hippocampus, conduct high-throughput data analysis, identify differentially expressed genes, and screen for pathways. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) detection was performed to understand the hearing changes, and the modeling effect was evaluated using the GPIAS% inhibition experiment of auditory startle reflex. Morphological observation of the basement membrane was performed to determine whether the inner hair cells were damaged. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to determine the activation of microglia in the hippocampus of noise induced tinnitus mice. Finally, qPCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression of TLR4, NF kB, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1 ß in the hippocampus of each group of mice. Through high-throughput data analysis, it was found that there was no significant difference in the auditory threshold of the three groups of mice; After 2 h of exposure to 100 dB SPL noise, the GPIAS% of mice decreased significantly compared to before exposure, and membrane construction was successful. After 7 days, the GPIAS% of the drug intervention group increased. After noise exposure, mice developed tinnitus, and hippocampus neuroinflammation. Roflupram can inhibit neuroinflammation and improve tinnitus through the TLR4/NF kB/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1 ß signaling pathway.
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Caspasa 1 , Interleucina-1beta , FN-kappa B , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR , Ruido , Transducción de Señal , Acúfeno , Receptor Toll-Like 4 , Animales , Proteína con Dominio Pirina 3 de la Familia NLR/metabolismo , Receptor Toll-Like 4/metabolismo , Ratones , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Caspasa 1/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Acúfeno/tratamiento farmacológico , Acúfeno/metabolismo , Acúfeno/patología , Ruido/efectos adversos , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Hipocampo/efectos de los fármacos , Hipocampo/patología , Enfermedades Neuroinflamatorias/metabolismo , Enfermedades Neuroinflamatorias/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , SulfonamidasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Noise and air pollution are significant environmental threats with proven adverse health effects. However, the causality between these ambient exposures and disease is still largely unknown. This study aims to provide genetic evidence for this gap and investigates the dual role of inflammatory factors, emphasizing the need for integrated public health strategies. METHODS: We included noise and air pollution as exposures, 91 inflammatory factors as mediators, and 26 diseases as outcomes. We explored causal relationships using Mendelian randomization. To ensure the reliability, we screened single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) closely associated with exposure as instrumental variables (IVs), and assessed the pleiotropy and heterogeneity of these IVs. RESULTS: Our results suggest that "Hearing difficulty/problems with background noise" increases the risk of hypertension, bronchitis, and menopause; loud music exposure frequency increases the risk of bronchitis; noisy workplace raises the risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease, narcolepsy, and irritable bowel syndrome; NO2 increases the risk of myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure; NOx increases the risk of pneumonia and inflammatory diseases of female pelvic organs; and PM10 increases the risk of myocardial infarction, narcolepsy, and type 2 diabetes; PM2.5-10 increases the risk of developing pneumonia and type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, we found that nine inflammatory factors play a mediating role, of which four play a mediating role in increasing the risk of morbidity and eight play a mediating role in protection against ambient exposures. Finally, we selected SNPs significantly associated with exposure and outcome for enrichment analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first genetic evidence linking noise and air pollution to various diseases, highlighting the dual mediating role of inflammatory factors. Our findings align with the "One Health" framework, emphasizing the interconnectedness of environmental and human health. Integrated public health strategies considering these complex biological responses are essential for promoting overall well-being.
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Contaminación del Aire , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Inflamación , Ruido , Humanos , Contaminación del Aire/estadística & datos numéricos , Contaminación del Aire/efectos adversos , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales/estadística & datos numéricos , Ruido/efectos adversos , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Análisis de la Aleatorización MendelianaRESUMEN
Context: As part of preventive health services, infants are exposed to painful procedures, such as venous interventions, injections, and heel blood collection. Infants, in particular, are sensitive and vulnerable to untreated pain. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of Yakson touch and white noise on pain in newborn heel blood collection. Yakson touch include the interaction between the caregiver and the care recipient. Design: The study was conducted using a parallel randomized controlled experimental design. The research was conducted during the Guthrie screening test routinely performed on newborns. Setting: The study was carried out at the Family Health Center, which has the highest number of patients in a province in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey between May 1st and August 30th, 2022. Participants: A total of 66 babies with a gestational age of 37-40 weeks were included in the study. Intervention: In the study, infant participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the Yakson Touch Group (n=22), the White Noise Group (n=22), and the Control Group (n=22). Infants in the Yakson Touch Group received the Yakson touch from the same researcher. Infants in the White Noise Group listened to a song "Don't Let Your Baby Cry 2" from the album "Colic". Infants in the Control Group received routine intervention procedures. Outcome Measures: The study data were collected using the Introductory Information Form and the Newborn Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). Results: After the procedure, the mean Yakson Touch Group of the NIPS score was 2.04±1.17, the mean White Noise Group of the NIPS score was 2.80±1.47, and the mean Control Group of the NIPS score was 3.72±1.07. There was a significant difference between the groups after the procedure (P < .001; ηp2=0.248 ). The Yakson touch procedure was found to be the most effective at decreasing the pain score, and white noise was the second most effective. Conclusions: Yakson touch is more effective than white noise in controlling pain due to invasive procedures in babies.
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Recolección de Muestras de Sangre , Talón , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Femenino , Masculino , Recolección de Muestras de Sangre/efectos adversos , Recolección de Muestras de Sangre/métodos , Manejo del Dolor/métodos , Ruido/efectos adversos , Dimensión del Dolor/métodos , Dolor , Turquía , Tacto , Tacto Terapéutico/métodosRESUMEN
Introduction: Hearing health is a public health concern that affects the quality of life and can be disturbed by noise exposure, generating auditory and extra-auditory symptoms. Objective. To identify the hearing health status in adults living in Bogotá and its association with environmental noise exposure and individual and otological factors. Objective: To identify the hearing health status in adults living in Bogotá and its association with environmental noise exposure and individual and otological factors. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a database with 10,311 records from 2014 to 2018, consigned in a structured survey of noise perception and hearing screening. We performed a descriptive, bivariate, and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the included participants, 35.4% presented hearing impairment. In the perception component, 13.0 % reported not hearing well; 28.8 % had extra-auditory symptoms, 53.3 % informed otological antecedents and 69.0 % presented discomfort due to extramural noise. In the logistic regression, the variables with the highest association for hearing impairment were living in noisy areas (OR = 1.50) (95% CI: 1.34-1.69), being male (OR = 1.85) (95% CI: 1.64-2.09), increasing age (for each year of life, the risk of hearing impairment increased 6%), and having history of extra-auditory symptoms (OR = 1.86) (95% CI: 1.66-2.08). Conclusions: Hearing impairment is multi-causal in the studied population. The factors that promote its prevalence are increasing age, being male, smoking, ototoxic medications, living in areas with high noise exposure, and extra-auditory symptoms.
Introducción. La salud auditiva es un tema de interés en salud pública que afecta la calidad de vida y que puede afectarse por la exposición continua al ruido, un factor de riesgo que genera síntomas auditivos y extraauditivos. Objetivo. Identificar el estado de salud auditiva de adultos que viven en Bogotá, y su asociación con factores de exposición a ruido ambiental, individuales y otológicos. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio transversal mediante el análisis de una base de datos con 10.311 registros, obtenidos entre los años 2014 y 2018, producto de una encuesta estructurada de percepción de ruido y tamizaje auditivo. Se hizo un análisis descriptivo bivariado y una regresión logística binaria. Resultados. El 35,4 % de los participantes presentó disminución auditiva. En el componente de percepción: 13,0 % refirió no escuchar bien, 28,8 % informó síntomas extraauditivos, 53,3 % tenía antecedentes otológicos, y 69,0 % manifestó molestia por ruido extramural. En la regresión logística, las variables más asociadas con disminución auditiva fueron: de las ambientales, vivir en zonas de mayor ruido (OR = 1,50) (IC95%: 1,34-1,69); de las individuales, ser hombre (OR = 1,85) (IC95%: 1,64-2,09) y la edad (por cada año de vida, el riesgo de disminución auditiva aumentó 6 %); y de las otológicas, tener antecedente de síntomas otológicos (OR = 1,86) (IC95%: 1,66-2,08). Conclusiones. La disminución auditiva es multicausal en la población evaluada. Los factores que aumentan su prevalencia son incremento de la edad, ser hombre, tabaquismo, medicamentos ototóxicos, vivir en zonas de mayor exposición a ruido y presentar síntomas extraauditivos.