RESUMEN

Frequent occurrence of wound infection caused by multiple-resistant bacteria (MRB) has posed a serious challenge to the current healthcare system relying on antibiotics. The development of novel antimicrobial materials with high safety and efficacy to heal wound infection is of great importance in combating this crisis. Herein, we prepared a promising antibacterial hydrogel by cross-linking ferrous ions (Fe2+) with the deprotonated carboxyl anion in sodium alginate (Na-ALG) to cure wound infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Interestingly, ferrous-modified Na-ALG (Fe-ALG) hydrogel demonstrated better properties compared to the traditional Na-ALG-based hydrogels, including injectability, self-healing, appropriate fluidity, high-water retention, potent MRSA-killing efficacy, and excellent biocompatibility. Importantly, the addition of Fe2+ enhances the antibacterial efficacy of the Na-ALG hydrogel, enabling it to effectively eliminate MRSA and accelerate the healing of antibiotic-resistant bacterial-infected wounds in a remarkably short period (10 days). This modification not only facilitates wound closure and fur generation, but also mitigates systemic inflammation, thereby effectively impeding the spread of MRSA to the lungs. Taken together, Fe-ALG hydrogel is a promising therapeutic material for treating wound infections by Staphylococcus aureus, especially by antibiotic-resistant strains like MRSA.

Asunto(s)

Alginatos , Antibacterianos , Compuestos Ferrosos , Hidrogeles , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Infecciones Estafilocócicas , Cicatrización de Heridas , Infección de Heridas , Alginatos/química , Alginatos/farmacología , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/efectos de los fármacos , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/farmacología , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Animales , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infección de Heridas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infección de Heridas/microbiología , Ratones , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Masculino

RESUMEN

Non-heme iron enzymes play key roles in antibiotic, neurotransmitter, and natural product biosynthesis, DNA repair, hypoxia regulation, and disease states. These enzymes had been refractory to traditional bioinorganic spectroscopic methods. Thus, we developed variable-temperature variable-field magnetic circular dichroism (VTVH MCD) spectroscopy to experimentally define the excited and ground ligand field states of non-heme ferrous enzymes (Solomon et al., 1995). This method provides detailed geometric and electronic structure insight and thus enables a molecular level understanding of catalytic mechanisms. Application of this method across the five classes of non-heme ferrous enzymes has defined that a general mechanistic strategy is utilized where O2 activation is controlled to occur only in the presence of all cosubstrates.

Asunto(s)

Dominio Catalítico , Dicroismo Circular , Dicroismo Circular/métodos , Hierro/química , Hierro/metabolismo , Proteínas de Hierro no Heme/química , Proteínas de Hierro no Heme/metabolismo , Oxígeno/metabolismo , Oxígeno/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/metabolismo

RESUMEN

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor that threatens women's life and health, and metastasis often occurs in the advanced stage of breast cancer, leading to pathological bone destruction and seriously reducing patient quality of life. In this study, we coupled chlorin e6 (Ce6) with mono-(6-amino-6-deoxy)-beta-cyclodextrin (ß-CD) to form Ce6-CD, and combined ferrocene with the FFVLG3C peptide and PEG chains to form the triblock molecule Fc-pep-PEG. In addition, the IDO-1 inhibitor NLG919 was loaded with Ce6-CD and Fc-pep-PEG to construct the supramolecular nanoparticle NLG919@Ce6-CD/Fc-pep-PEG (NLG919@CF). After laser irradiation, Ce6 produced robust reactive oxidative species to induce tumor cell apoptosis. Simultaneously, ferrocene became charged, and Fc-pep-PEG dissociated from the spherical nanoparticles, enabling their transformation into nanofibers, which increased both the retention effect and the induction of ferroptosis. The released NLG919 reduced the number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and restored the function of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by inhibiting the activity of IDO-1. Moreover, combined administration with an anti-PD-1 antibody further relieved immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. This article presents a new strategy for the clinical treatment of breast cancer with bone metastasis and osteolysis.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Óseas , Neoplasias de la Mama , Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Femenino , Neoplasias Óseas/secundario , Neoplasias Óseas/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Animales , Ratones , Línea Celular Tumoral , Porfirinas/química , Porfirinas/uso terapéutico , Porfirinas/farmacología , Receptor de Muerte Celular Programada 1/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptor de Muerte Celular Programada 1/inmunología , Clorofilidas , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Nanoestructuras/química , Nanoestructuras/uso terapéutico , Nanopartículas/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/uso terapéutico , Terapia de Inmunosupresión/métodos

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of iron preparations. METHODS: A total of 374 patients with iron deficiency anaemia admitted to our hospital between 1 January and 31 December 2020 were included in this study. They were divided into 2 groups based on their medication regimens: Group A (n = 187) took oral ferrous succinate tablets, and Group B (n = 187) received intravenous iron sucrose. The remission of major symptoms, laboratory test results, ADRs and other related data were collected after 4 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Compared with the pre-treatment baseline, haemoglobin (Hb), serum iron (SI), serum ferritin (SF) and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) increased in both groups at 4 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, Group A had lower levels of Hb (108.41 ± 8.39 vs. 122.31 ± 6.04 g/L, t = 6.293, P < 0.001), SI (9.72 ± 4.24 vs. 15.62 ± 5.41 µmol/L, t = 5.482, P < 0.001) and SF (27.1 ± 10.82 vs. 39.82 ± 10.44 ug/L, t = 6.793, P < 0.001) compared with Group B. In contrast, there was no significant difference in the post-treatment level of MCV (P > 0.05). The overall response rate significantly differed between the 2 groups (78.61% vs. 90.91%, χ2 = 10.949, P < 0.001). The incidence of ADRs of both groups were similar, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.035, P = 0.851). CONCLUSION: Iron sucrose demonstrates favourable efficacy and safety in treating iron deficiency anaemia.

Asunto(s)

Anemia Ferropénica , Sacarato de Óxido Férrico , Compuestos Ferrosos , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Sacarato de Óxido Férrico/administración & dosificación , Sacarato de Óxido Férrico/efectos adversos , Sacarato de Óxido Férrico/uso terapéutico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anemia Ferropénica/tratamiento farmacológico , Anemia Ferropénica/sangre , Administración Oral , Adulto , Compuestos Ferrosos/administración & dosificación , Compuestos Ferrosos/efectos adversos , Compuestos Ferrosos/uso terapéutico , Comprimidos , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Resultado del Tratamiento , Administración Intravenosa , Hematínicos/administración & dosificación , Hematínicos/efectos adversos , Hematínicos/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Ferritinas/sangre

RESUMEN

The oriented design of reticular materials as emitters can significantly enhance the sensitivity of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing analysis for disease markers. However, due to the structural fragility of hydrogen bonds, relational research on hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) has not been thoroughly conducted. Additionally, the modulation of luminescence behavior through HOFs has been rarely reported. In view of this, hydrogen-bonded biohybrid organic frameworks (HBOFs) were synthesized and recruited for ECL immunoassay applications. HBOFs was easily prepared using 6,6',6″,6‴-(pyrene-1,3,6,8-tetrayl)tetrakis(2-naphthoic acid) as linkers via bovine serum albumin (BSA) activated hydrogen-bonded cross-linking. The material exhibited good fluorescence emission characteristics. And the highly ordered topological structure and molecular motion limitation mediated by BSA overcome aggregation-caused quenching and generate strong aggregation induced emission, expressing hydrogen-bond interaction enhanced ECL (HIE-ECL) activity with the participation of tri-n-propylamine. Furthermore, a sandwich immunosensor was constructed employing cobalt-based metal-phenolic network (CMPN) coated ferrocene nanoparticles (FNPs) as quenchers (CMPN@FNPs). Signal closure can be achieved by annihilating the excited state through electron transfer from both CMPN and FNPs. Using a universal disease marker, carcinoembryonic antigen, as the analysis model, the signal-off sensor obtained a detection limit of 0.47 pg/mL within the detection range of 1 pg/mL - 50 ng/mL. The synthesis and application of highly stable HBOFs triggered by proteins provide a reference for the development of new reticular ECL signal labels, and electron transfer model provides flexible solutions for more sensitive sensing analysis.

Asunto(s)

Técnicas Biosensibles , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Enlace de Hidrógeno , Mediciones Luminiscentes , Albúmina Sérica Bovina , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Inmunoensayo/métodos , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Mediciones Luminiscentes/métodos , Humanos , Albúmina Sérica Bovina/química , Animales , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Límite de Detección , Bovinos , Metalocenos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Anticuerpos Inmovilizados/química , Biomarcadores/análisis , Cobalto/química

RESUMEN

The antimicrobial and pro-healing properties remain critical clinical objectives for skin wound management. However, the escalating problem of antibiotic overuse and the corresponding rise in bacterial resistance necessitates an urgent shift towards an antibiotic-free approach to antibacterial treatment. The quest for antimicrobial efficacy while accelerating wound healing without antibiotic treatment have emerged as innovative strategies in skin wound treatment. Here, a dual-function hydrogel with antimicrobial and enhanced tissue-healing properties was developed by utilizing cyclodextrin, ferrocene, polyethyleneimine (PEI), and Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP), through multiple non-covalent interactions, which can intelligently release BSP by recognizing the wound inflammatory microenvironment through the cyclodextrin-ferrocene unit. Moreover, the porosity (65 % - 85 %), Young's modulus (400 KPa - 140 KPa), and DPPH scavenge rate (18 % - 40 %) of the hydrogel are modulated by varying the BSP content. The hydrogel exhibits outstanding antibacterial properties (98.3 % reduction of Escherichia coli observed after exposure to HTFC@BSP-20 for 24 h) and favorable biocompatibility. Furthermore, in a rat full-thickness skin wound model, the dual-function hydrogel significantly accelerates wound healing, increased CD31 expression promotes vascular regeneration, reduced TNF-α express and inhibited the inflammation. This multifunctional ROS responsive hydrogel provides a new perspective for antibiotics-free treatment of skin injuries.

Asunto(s)

Antibacterianos , Vendajes , Hidrogeles , Polisacáridos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Cicatrización de Heridas , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Animales , Polisacáridos/química , Polisacáridos/farmacología , Ratas , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Orchidaceae/química , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Ciclodextrinas/química , Ciclodextrinas/farmacología , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Masculino , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/farmacología , Metalocenos

RESUMEN

Elemental iron powders are used as food fortificants to reduce the incidence of iron deficiency anemia. However, many commercially available iron powders are relatively untested in vivo. The purpose of this study was to determine the hemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE) and relative iron bioavailability (RBV) of an electrolytic elemental iron powder (EIP), by treating anemic rats with 14 d iron repletion diets fortified with four different concentrations (12, 24, 36, or 48 mg iron/kg diet) of EIP and bakery-grade ferrous sulfate monohydrate (FS; FeSO4•H2O), or no added iron (control); n = 9-12/group. The HRE of FS was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) than EIP at each concentration of dietary iron tested. For EIP, the HREs (ratios) of diets containing 12, 24, 36, and 48 mg iron/kg were 0.356, 0.205, 0.197, and 0.163, respectively. For both EIP and FS, HRE was inversely associated with increasing dietary iron. The RBVs (%) of iron from EIP in diets at 12, 24, 36, and 48 mg iron/kg as compared to FS were 64.5, 59.1, 50.6, and 54.3%, respectively. Overall, findings show that at the concentrations of iron tested, EIP has RBVs greater than 50% and is an effective fortification agent to replenish hemoglobin and correct iron deficiency anemia.

Asunto(s)

Anemia Ferropénica , Disponibilidad Biológica , Compuestos Ferrosos , Hemoglobinas , Hierro , Polvos , Animales , Compuestos Ferrosos/administración & dosificación , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Anemia Ferropénica/tratamiento farmacológico , Anemia Ferropénica/dietoterapia , Ratas , Hierro/sangre , Masculino , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Alimentos Fortificados , Hierro de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Hierro de la Dieta/farmacocinética

RESUMEN

Generally, molecularly imprinted (MIP) electrochemical sensors for amino acids operate in a "label-like" mode. That is, after an amino acid is specifically recognized by an imprinted cavity at the sensing interface, the amino acid itself provides the sensing signal for quantitative detection. However, poorly electroactive amino acids impede electron transfer at the sensing interface and require high potentials to drive the reaction; thus, more interfering reactions tend to be triggered in practical applications, causing enhanced background noise in the detection. To address these issues, a "label-free" mode of the MIP sensor based on the ferrocene (Fc)/PEDOT:PSS-polypyrrole (PPy) composite was designed for the first time. The Fc/PEDOT:PSS-PPy is drop coated on the electrode surface as a substrate, and MIP polymers with specific recognition ability are immobilized on the substrate via electrostatic adsorption. As a proof of concept, l-tyrosine (l-Tyr) was selected as a model analyte and the "label-free" mode MIP/Fc/PEDOT:PSS-PPy sensor was constructed. The limit of detection (LOD) and linearity range of the MIP/Fc/PEDOT:PSS-PPy sensor were 2.31 × 10-11 M and from 100 pM to 5 mM, respectively. Compared with the label-like mode, the LOD was three orders of magnitude lower, the linear range was increased by three orders of magnitude, and the sensitivity was improved by more than four times. This work provides a universal and effective concept for MIP electrochemical sensing of amino acids.

Asunto(s)

Aminoácidos , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Compuestos Ferrosos , Metalocenos , Polímeros , Pirroles , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Metalocenos/química , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Polímeros/química , Pirroles/química , Aminoácidos/análisis , Aminoácidos/química , Impresión Molecular , Límite de Detección , Polímeros Impresos Molecularmente/química , Electrodos

RESUMEN

Simultaneous detection of multiple targets is of great significance for accurate disease diagnosis. Herein, based on duplex-specific nuclease (DSN) assisted signal amplification and the toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction (TSDR), we constructed an electrochemical biosensor with high sensitivity and high specificity for dual-target detection. MiRNA-141 and miRNA-133a were used as the targets, and ferrocene (Fc) and methylene blue (MB) with significant peak potential differentiation were used as the electrochemical signal probes. The elaborately designed hairpin probe H1, which was fixed on the electrode surface, could be hybridized with the target miRNA-141 to perform signal amplification by the DSN-assisted enzyme cleavage cycle; thus, miRNA-141 could be detected by Fc signal changes at 0.41 V. The hairpin H1 can also combine with the MB-labeled signal probe (SP) output from miRNA-133a-induced TSDR, and the detection of miRNA-133a can be realized according to the response signal generated by MB at -0.26 V. The two sensing lines are independent of each other, and there is no mutual interference in the detection process. Therefore, two independent detection lines could be connected in series, and the simultaneous detection of two targets can be achieved on a single electrode. This novel detection strategy provides a new way to simultaneously detect different biomarkers.

Asunto(s)

Técnicas Biosensibles , Técnicas Electroquímicas , MicroARNs , MicroARNs/análisis , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Humanos , Metalocenos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Azul de Metileno/química , Técnicas de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Hibridación de Ácido Nucleico , Límite de Detección , Electrodos

RESUMEN

The extracellular degradation of antibiotics facilitated by bio-nanoparticles is significant in the field of waste valorization. Among different bio-nanoparticles, bio-FeS nanoparticles stand out for their convenient and cost-effective synthesis. Nevertheless, there is a lack of understanding regarding the extracellular degradation of pollutants driven by bio-FeS nanoparticles. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the role of bio-FeS nanoparticles in the extracellular degradation of tetracycline under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The findings demonstrated that bio-FeS nanoparticles generated hydroxyl radical (·OH), which significantly contributes to the degradation of tetracycline in both aerobic and anaerobic environments. The production of ·OH in anaerobic conditions was primarily attributed to the limited formation of FeS2 during the biosynthesis of nanoparticles, which was very different from aerobic conditions. The bio-FeS nanoparticles facilitated extracellular electron transport by promoting electron shuttles and Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycling, resulting in the continuous production of ·OH. The degradation pathways showed differences under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, with intermediates exhibiting higher toxicity and greater cellular damage under aerobic conditions. However, in anaerobic conditions, bio-FeS nanoparticles enabled the successful integration of intracellular and extracellular degradation of tetracycline. This research proposed a new avenue for biocatalysis and environmental remediation.

Asunto(s)

Antibacterianos , Radical Hidroxilo , Tetraciclina , Radical Hidroxilo/metabolismo , Radical Hidroxilo/química , Tetraciclina/metabolismo , Tetraciclina/química , Aerobiosis , Anaerobiosis , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Biodegradación Ambiental , Hierro/química , Hierro/metabolismo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/metabolismo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/química , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Compuestos Ferrosos

RESUMEN

C-Nitroso compounds (RNO, R = alkyl and aryl) are byproducts of drug metabolism and bind to heme proteins, and their heme-RNO adducts are isoelectronic to ferrous nitroxyl (NO-/HNO) complexes. Importantly, heme-HNO compounds are key intermediates in the reduction of NO to N2O and nitrite to ammonium in the nitrogen cycle. Ferrous heme-RNO complexes act as stable analogs of these species, potentially allowing for the investigation of the vibrational and electronic properties of unstable heme-HNO intermediates. In this paper, a series of six-coordinate ferrous heme-RNO complexes (where R = iPr and Ph) were prepared using the TPP2- and 3,5-Me-BAFP2- co-ligands, and tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, and 1-methylimidazole as the axial ligands (bound trans to RNO). These complexes were characterized using different spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystallography. The complex [Fe(TPP)(THF)(iPrNO)] was further utilized for nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS), allowing for the detailed assignment of the Fe-N(R)O vibrations of a heme-RNO complex for the first time. The vibrational properties of these species were then correlated with those of their HNO analogs, using DFT calculations. Our studies support previous findings that RNO ligands in ferrous heme complexes do not elicit a significant trans effect. In addition, the complexes are air-stable, and do not show any reactivity of their RNO ligands towards NO. So although ferrous heme-RNO complexes are suitable structural and electronic models for their HNO analogs, they are unsuitable to model the reactivity of heme-HNO complexes. We further investigated the reaction of our heme-RNO complexes with different Lewis acids. Here, [Fe(TPP)(THF)(iPrNO)] was found to be unreactive towards Lewis acids. In contrast, [Fe(3,5-Me-BAFP)(iPrNO)2] is reactive towards all of the Lewis acids investigated here, but in most cases the iron center is simply oxidized, resulting in the loss of the iPrNO ligand. In the case of the Lewis acid B2(pin)2, the reduced product [Fe(3,5-Me-BAFP)(iPrNH2)(iPrNO)] was identified by X-ray crystallography.

Asunto(s)

Hemo , Ácidos de Lewis , Óxido Nítrico , Compuestos Nitrosos , Óxido Nítrico/química , Hemo/química , Ácidos de Lewis/química , Compuestos Nitrosos/química , Vibración , Complejos de Coordinación/química , Complejos de Coordinación/síntesis química , Modelos Moleculares , Cristalografía por Rayos X , Estructura Molecular , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Ligandos , Conformación Molecular , Óxidos de Nitrógeno

RESUMEN

Understanding of the mechanisms on bacteria-regulated mineral dissolution functions is important for further insight into mineral-microbe interactions. The functions of the two-component system have been studied. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in bacterial two-component system-mediated mineral dissolution are poorly understood. Here, the two-component regulatory system ResS/ResR in the mineral-solubilizing bacterium Pseudomonas pergaminensis F77 was characterized for its involvement in biotite dissolution. Strain F77 and the F77ΔresS, F77ΔresR, and F77ΔresS/R mutants were constructed and compared for the ResS/ResR system-mediated Fe and Al release from biotite in the medium and the mechanisms involved. After 3 days of incubation, the F77ΔresS, F77ΔresR, and F77ΔresS/R mutants significantly decreased the Fe and Al concentrations in the medium compared with F77. The F77ΔresS/R mutant had a greater impact on Fe and Al release from biotite than did the F77ΔresS or F77ΔresR mutant. The F77∆resS/R mutant exhibited significantly reduced Fe and Al concentrations by 21-61 % between 12 h and 48 h of incubation compared with F77. Significantly increased pH values and decreased cell counts on the mineral surfaces were found in the presence of the F77∆resS/R mutant compared with those in the presence of F77 between 12 h and 48 h of incubation. Metabolomic analysis revealed that the extracellular metabolites associated with biotite dissolution were downregulated in the F77ΔresS/R mutant. These downregulated metabolites included GDP-fucose, 20-carboxyleukotriene B4, PGP (16:1(9Z)/16:0), 3',5'-cyclic AMP, and a variety of acidic metabolites involved in carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolisms, glycan biosynthesis, and cellular community function. Furthermore, the expression levels of the genes involved in the production of these metabolites were downregulated in the F77ΔresS/R mutant compared with those in F77. Our findings suggested that the ResS/ResR system in F77 contributed to mineral dissolution by mediating the production of mineral-solubilizing related extracellular metabolites and bacterial adsorption on mineral surface.

Asunto(s)

Proteínas Bacterianas , Regulación Bacteriana de la Expresión Génica , Hierro , Metabolómica , Pseudomonas , Pseudomonas/genética , Pseudomonas/metabolismo , Hierro/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Aluminio/metabolismo , Mutación , Minerales/metabolismo , Silicatos/metabolismo , Silicatos de Aluminio , Compuestos Ferrosos

RESUMEN

Iron deficiency can cause serious diseases in infants and young children such as indigestion, anemia, and nervous system dysplasia. Consumption of high-iron rice flour can prevent iron deficiency. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential application of ferrous gluconate as an iron source in high-iron rice flour used as a type of accessory food for infants and young children. In this study, the differences in iron absorption ability between ferrous gluconate and ferrous fumarate in rice flour with the same ingredients in both high and low phytic acid systems were evaluated. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the bioaccessibility/bioavailability between ferrous gluconate and ferrous fumarate at both low and high phytic acid contents. In low phytic acid and high phytic acid systems, the iron absorption rate of ferrous gluconate is 11.53% and 13.45% higher than that of ferrous fumarate, respectively (p < 0.05). In summary, the iron absorption rate of ferrous gluconate was higher than that of ferrous fumarate in the rice flour system. Additionally, the low phytic acid environment is more conducive to iron uptake and utilization. Therefore, ferrous gluconate can be used as an alternative source of iron in accessory foods for infants and young children.

Asunto(s)

Compuestos Ferrosos , Harina , Alimentos Fortificados , Hierro , Oryza , Humanos , Oryza/química , Oryza/metabolismo , Compuestos Ferrosos/metabolismo , Células CACO-2 , Harina/análisis , Hierro/metabolismo , Alimentos Fortificados/análisis , Digestión , Ácido Fítico/análisis , Ácido Fítico/metabolismo , Disponibilidad Biológica , Absorción Intestinal

RESUMEN

Nano-based drug delivery systems are regarded as a promising tool for efficient epilepsy treatment and seizure medication with the least general side effects and socioeconomic challenges. In the current study, we have designed a smart nanoscale drug delivery platform and applied it in the kindling model of epilepsy that is triggered rapidly by epileptic discharges and releases anticonvulsant drugs in situ, such as carbamazepine (CBZ). The CBZ-loaded electroactive ferrocene nanoliposomes had an average diameter of 100.6 nm, a surface charge of -7.08 mV, and high drug encapsulation efficiency (85.4 %). A significant increase in liposome size was observed in response to direct current (50-500 µA) application. This liposome-based drug delivery system can release CBZ at a fast rate in response to both direct current and pulsatile electrical stimulation in vitro. The CBZ-liposome can release the anticonvulsant drug upon epileptiform activity in the kindled rat model and can decline electrographic and behavioral seizure activity in response to electrical stimulation of the hippocampus with an initially subconvulsive current. With satisfactory biosafety results, this "smart" nanocarrier has promising potential as an effective and safe drug delivery system to improve the therapeutic index of antiepileptic drugs.

Asunto(s)

Anticonvulsivantes , Carbamazepina , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Epilepsia , Liposomas , Animales , Anticonvulsivantes/administración & dosificación , Anticonvulsivantes/química , Carbamazepina/administración & dosificación , Carbamazepina/química , Carbamazepina/farmacocinética , Epilepsia/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Liberación de Fármacos , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Ratas , Hipocampo/efectos de los fármacos , Nanopartículas/administración & dosificación , Nanopartículas/química , Metalocenos/química , Metalocenos/administración & dosificación , Compuestos Ferrosos/administración & dosificación , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Estimulación Eléctrica , Excitación Neurológica/efectos de los fármacos , Tamaño de la Partícula , Convulsiones/tratamiento farmacológico

RESUMEN

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) serves as a crucial biomarker for early breast cancer diagnosis. In this study, we proposed an electrochemical aptasensor with nanomaterial carbon nanohorns/gold nanoparticle composites (1-AP-CNHs/AuNPs) as the substrate, and the primary amine groups on the antibody initiated the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of monomer amino acid-ferrocene (NCA-Fc) on the electrode surface for ultrasensitive detection of ERα. The composite of 1-AP-CNHs/AuNPs not only possessed more active sites, but also increased the specific surface area of the electrode and allowed a large amount of ferrocene polymer long chains to be grafted onto the electrode surface to achieve signal amplification. Under optimal conditions, the detection limit of the method was 11.995 fg mL-1 with a detection range of 100 fg mL-1-100 ng mL-1. In addition, the biotin-streptavidin system was used to further improve the sensitivity of the sensor. Importantly, this approach could be applied for the practical detection of ERα in real samples.

Asunto(s)

Aptámeros de Nucleótidos , Técnicas Biosensibles , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Receptor alfa de Estrógeno , Oro , Límite de Detección , Nanopartículas del Metal , Oro/química , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Humanos , Nanopartículas del Metal/química , Aptámeros de Nucleótidos/química , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Polimerizacion , Metalocenos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Electrodos

RESUMEN

The bioleaching utilizing indigenous microbial inoculation can continuously improve the dewaterability of sludge. In this study, metagenomic analysis was innovative employed to identify the key microorganisms and functional genes that affect the dewatering performance of sludge in the bioleaching conditioning process. The results demonstrated that long-term repeated inoculation of acidified sludge resulted in increased abundance of many functional genes associated with the transport of carbohydrate and amino acid. Additionally, genes encoding key iron transport proteins (such as afuA, fhuC, and fhuD) and genes related to electron transfer carriers in ferrous iron oxidation process (such as rus and cyc2) were significantly enriched, thereby promoting the improvement of sludge dewatering performance through enhanced iron oxidation. Notably, Acidithiobacillus, Betaproteobacteria, and Hyphomicrobium were the major sources of functional genes. This study reveals the microscopic mechanisms underlying the improvement of sludge dewaterability through bioleaching based on mixed culture from a novel perspective of gene metabolism.

Asunto(s)

Metagenómica , Oxidación-Reducción , Aguas del Alcantarillado , Aguas del Alcantarillado/microbiología , Metagenómica/métodos , Transporte de Electrón , Compuestos Ferrosos/metabolismo , Hierro/metabolismo , Agua/química

RESUMEN

Herein, we developed a paclitaxel prodrug (PSFc) through the conjugation of paclitaxel (PTX) and ferrocene via a redox-responsive disulfide bond. PSFc displays acid-enhanced catalytic activity of Fenton reaction and is capable of forming stable nanoparticles (PSFc NPs) through the assembly with distearoyl phosphoethanolamine-PEG2000. After being endocytosed, PSFc NPs could release PTX to promote cell apoptosis in response to overexpressed redox-active species of tumor cells. Meanwhile, the ferrocene-mediated Fenton reaction promotes intracellular accumulation of hydroxyl radicals and depletion of glutathione, thus leading to ferroptosis. Compared with the clinically used Taxol, PSFc NPs exhibited more potent in vivo antitumor outcomes through the combined effect of chemotherapy and ferroptosis. This study may offer insight into a facile design of a prodrug integrating different tumor treatment methods for combating malignant tumors.

Asunto(s)

Ferroptosis , Compuestos Ferrosos , Metalocenos , Paclitaxel , Profármacos , Paclitaxel/química , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Paclitaxel/uso terapéutico , Metalocenos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/farmacología , Profármacos/química , Profármacos/farmacología , Humanos , Animales , Ratones , Ferroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Femenino , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Nanopartículas/química , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones Desnudos , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/patología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología

RESUMEN

The presence of organic phosphorus may influence the characteristics of Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization on Fe(II)-bearing clay minerals under anoxic conditions, as the organic phosphorus tends to bind strongly to clay minerals in soil. Herein, reduced nontronite (rNAu-2) was used to reduction of Cr(VI) in the presence of phytic acid (IHP) at neutral pH. With IHP concentration from 0 to 500 µM, Cr(VI) reduction decreased obviously (17.8%) within first 5 min, and then preferred to stagnate during 4-12 h (≥50 µM). After that, Cr(VI) was reduced continuously at a slightly faster rate. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that IHP primarily absorbed at the edge sites of rNAu-2 to form Fe-IHP complexes. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results demonstrated that IHP hindered the ingress of CrO42- into the interlayer space of rNAu-2 and impeded their reduction by trioctahedral Fe(II) and Al-Fe(II) at basal plane sites in the initial stage. Additionally, Fe(II) extraction results showed that IHP promoted the electron from interior transfer to near-edge, but hindered it further transfer to surface, resulting in the inhibition on Cr(VI) reduction at edge sites during the later stage. Consequently, IHP inhibits the reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI) by rNAu-2. Our study offers novel insights into electron transfer pathways during the Cr(VI) reduction by rNAu-2 with coexisting IHP, thereby improve the understanding of the geochemical processes of chromium within the iron cycle in soil.

Asunto(s)

Cromo , Arcilla , Ácido Fítico , Cromo/química , Arcilla/química , Ácido Fítico/química , Minerales/química , Oxidación-Reducción , Transporte de Electrón , Hierro/química , Contaminantes del Suelo/química , Difracción de Rayos X , Suelo/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/química

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate sex differences in response to iron supplementation in children and adolescents suffering from sleep-related movement disorders such as Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD), and Restless Sleep Disorder (RSD). METHODS: Data were retrieved and reanalyzed from previous studies involving children with RLS, PLMD, or RSD. The analysis included 54 patients treated with intravenous (IV) ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) and 31 patients treated with oral ferrous sulfate (FS). Demographic, biological, and clinical parameters were compared between sexes. Clinical outcomes were measured using the Clinical Global Impression rating scales for severity (CGI-S) and improvement (CGI-I). RESULTS: In the group treated with IV FCM, no significant differences were found between males and females in demographic (age), biological (ferritin, iron, total iron-binding capacity, transferrin), or clinical parameters (CGI-S and CGI-I). However, among adolescents, females showed significantly better clinical improvement (CGI-I) compared to males (t-value 2.428, p < 0.024). In the group treated with oral FS, no significant sex differences were observed in any parameters. Side effects were reported by a small number of patients, with no significant difference between sexes. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate no major significant sex-based differences in response to iron supplementation for treating sleep-related movement disorders in children and adolescents, despite distinct hormonal and physiological differences in iron metabolism. Both boys and girls benefit similarly from iron treatment during this developmental stage, suggesting that a standardized approach to iron supplementation may be effective. However, individual assessment and monitoring remain crucial to ensure optimal outcomes.

Asunto(s)

Compuestos Ferrosos , Síndrome de las Piernas Inquietas , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Síndrome de las Piernas Inquietas/tratamiento farmacológico , Niño , Adolescente , Compuestos Ferrosos/administración & dosificación , Compuestos Ferrosos/uso terapéutico , Compuestos Férricos/administración & dosificación , Compuestos Férricos/uso terapéutico , Factores Sexuales , Maltosa/análogos & derivados , Maltosa/administración & dosificación , Maltosa/uso terapéutico , Síndrome de Mioclonía Nocturna/tratamiento farmacológico , Suplementos Dietéticos , Hierro/administración & dosificación , Hierro/uso terapéutico , Administración Oral

RESUMEN

Deficiency of endogenous hydrogen peroxide and insufficient intracellular acidity are usually two important factors limiting chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Here we report a glutathione-responsive nanomedicine that can provide a suitable environment for CDT by inhibiting dual-enzymes simultaneously. The nanomedicine is constructed by encapsulation of a novel hydrogen sulfide donor in nanomicelle assembled by glutathione-responsive amphiphilic polymer. In response to intracellular glutathione, the nanomedicine can efficiently release the active ingredients hydrogen sulfide, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and ferrocene. The hydrogen sulfide can increase the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid by inhibiting catalase and enhancing glycolysis. The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor can further induce intratumoral acidosis by inhibiting the function of carbonic anhydrase IX. Therefore, the nanomedicine can provide more efficient reaction conditions for the ferrocene-mediated Fenton reaction to generate abundant toxic hydroxyl radicals. In vivo results show that the combination of enhanced CDT and acidosis can effectively inhibit tumor growth. This design of nanomedicine provides a promising dual-enzyme inhibiting strategy to enhance antitumor efficacy of CDT.

Asunto(s)

Acidosis , Compuestos Ferrosos , Glutatión , Sulfuro de Hidrógeno , Nanomedicina , Animales , Humanos , Acidosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Nanomedicina/métodos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Glutatión/metabolismo , Compuestos Ferrosos/química , Compuestos Ferrosos/administración & dosificación , Metalocenos/química , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Anhidrasa Carbónica/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de Anhidrasa Carbónica/farmacología , Inhibidores de Anhidrasa Carbónica/química , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Ratones , Micelas , Femenino , Nanopartículas/química , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Ratones Desnudos , Polímeros/química , Ácido Láctico/química , Anhidrasa Carbónica IX/antagonistas & inhibidores , Anhidrasa Carbónica IX/metabolismo , Catalasa/metabolismo