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Background: Tumor-like lesions at the craniovertebral junction mimic tumors in clinical presentation and imaging. Our study focuses on three common developmental pathologies-epidermoids, dermoids and neurenteric cysts. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a case series and a meta-analysis of 170 patients from 119 reports. Results: Neurenteric cysts predominated (81.2%). Anterior cysts were linked to neurenteric cysts, while posterior ones correlated with dermoid/epidermoid cysts (p < 0.001). Complications occurred in 27.2% of cases, with cranial nerve paresis being the most common. Most patients had excellent outcomes (75.2%) with low recurrence rates (12%). Dermoid cysts were more associated with anomalies (p < 0.001). Among 138 neurenteric cyst cases, 15 experienced recurrence, with predictors including ages 51-60 and over 70, subtotal resection, complications, and poor outcomes (p < 0.001). Cysts with total resection were significantly less likely to adhere to surrounding brain tissue (p < 0.001). CSF diversion was correlated with older age (p = 0.010) and various complications (p < 0.001). Age affected outcomes, and the hydrocephalus was linked to poor outcomes (p = 0.002). Conclusions: This meta-analysis underscores the importance of total resection in minimizing recurrence rates and emphasizes meticulous preoperative planning and imaging. Our results indicate that rim enhancement (p = 0.047) and poor outcome (p = 0.007) are significant factors associated with recurrence. Additionally, associated anomalies, as well as the patient's age and overall health, significantly influence the surgical outcomes and the likelihood of recurrence.

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Background: Secondary malignant tumors of the pancreas are rare, representing 2-5% of all pancreatic malignancies. Nevertheless, the pancreas is one of the target organs in cases of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Additionally, recurrent metastasis may occur. Surgical resection remains the best and prognostically most favorable therapeutic option in cases of solitary pancreatic metastasis. Aim: To review retrospectively the clinical tumor registry of the University Hospital of Magdeburg, Germany, for this rare entity, performing a clinical systematic single-center observational study (design). Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of consecutive patients who had undergone pancreatic resection for metastatic CCRC was performed in a single high-volume certified center for pancreatic surgery in Germany from 2010 to 2022. Results: All patients (n = 17) included in this study had a metachronous metastasis from a CCRCC. Surgery was performed at a median time interval of 12 (range, 9-16) years after primary resection for CCRCC. All 17 patients were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Three of those patients (17.6%) presented with recurrent metastasis in a different part of the pancreas during follow-up. In a total of 17 patients, including those with recurrent disease, a surgical resection was performed; Pancreatoduodenectomy was performed in 6 patients (35%); left pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed in 7 patients (41%). The rest of the patients underwent either a spleen-preserving pancreatic tail resection, local resection of the tumor lesion or a total pancreatectomy. The postoperative mortality rate was 6%. Concerning histopathological findings, seven patients (41%) had multifocal metastasis. An R0 resection could be achieved in all cases. The overall survival at one, three and five years was 85%, 85% and 72%, respectively, during a median follow-up of 43 months. Conclusions: CCRC pancreatic metastases can occur many years after the initial treatment of the primary tumor. Surgery for such a malignancy seems feasible and safe; it offers very good short- and long-term outcomes, as indicated. A repeated pancreatic resection can also be safely performed.

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BACKGROUND: Sporadic spinal hamartomas in adults are extremely rare tumor-like lesions, without defined guidelines of treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the peculiar features of this pathologic entity to support a more accurate diagnosis and management. METHODS: A comprehensive and detailed literature review of sporadic spinal hamartomas in adults, including a personal case, was performed. Demographic (sex and age), clinical (presenting symptoms), radiologic and pathologic (size, localization, dural and spinal cord relationship of lesion) features, as well as treatment (time to surgery, extent of resection, perioperative and postoperative complications) and outcome (clinical) data were analyzed. RESULTS: Seven studies, including 7 patients, were eligible for the review. A personal case was also added. Sporadic adult spinal hamartomas equally affect males and females, in a range of age from 18 to 75 years; sensory radicular deficits were detected in all patients at clinical onset; thoracic segment (4/8) of the spine and intradural compartment (6/8) were most involved. All patients underwent surgery and just one experimented postoperative complication; gross total resection was achieved in only 3 patients, mainly in an extradural localization; clinical improvement at last follow-up was reported in all but 1 patient. CONCLUSIONS: Spinal hamartomas in adults may sometimes account for progressive worsening of neurologic symptoms and lead to potentially irreversible neurologic deficit; therefore, prompt and adequate diagnosis and treatment are mandatory. Surgical resection represents the only curative treatment and is indicated for symptomatic lesions to achieve neurologic symptoms restoration or arrest/prevent their progressive deterioration.

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BACKGROUND: Pregnancy luteoma is a rare hormone-dependent ovarian tumor-like lesion caused by increased androgenic activity during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical history, ultrasound manifestations, and differential diagnosis of pregnancy luteoma. METHOD: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 26 cases of pregnancy luteoma diagnosed by postoperative pathology, from 2009 to 2022. All cases were from two hospitals: Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital and International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital. The clinical history data and ultrasound characteristics were analyzed and the relevant literature was reviewed. RESULTS: Among the 26 cases, five of them had preoperative ultrasound images. Among these five cases, three patients showed hyperechoic masses with less internal uniformity, while two demonstrated loculated anechoic zones, with clear boundary and regular morphology. Color Doppler showed no obvious internal blood flow signals, or that blood flow signals were visible within the cyst wall and hyperechoic mass. Among the cases, 16 had multiple gestations, while two visited the clinic due to sudden abdominal pain and a huge ovarian mass was found by ultrasonography. The ovarian lump was detected during routine obstetric ultrasound in three cases. The remaining were ovarian cysts found incidentally during caesarean section. Four patients presented with hairy manifestations and one patient had a deepened voice. CONCLUSION: There is no characteristic ultrasound of pregnancy luteoma, and its diagnosis is mainly based on clinical history data and laboratory tests.

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Cecal endometriosis is uncommon and may mimic other tumors of the colon, making it difficult to safely diagnose preoperatively. We report a case of a 50- year-old female who was found to have a cecal lesion during an endoscopic examination, which was performed for the investigation of anemia. It was also confirmed by conducting a computed tomography (CT) scan. Due to the high possibility of this mass identification as a neoplasm, the patient underwent a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with an extracorporeal side-to-side isoperistaltic anastomosis. However, the postoperative histological diagnosis of the mass was cecal endometriosis, as the histopathology report noted endometrial tissues in the submucosa and muscolaris propria of the ileocecal region. Endometriosis of the cecum is a rare manifestation and can often be misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor. Further research is required, concerning preoperative characteristics of bowel masses in women, in order to provide optimal operative treatment and avoid unnecessary invasive procedures.

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Benign tumors or tumor-like lesions of the tongue are uncommon lesions that comprise a heterogeneous group of neoplasms. Although there are a variety of benign tumors or tumor-like lesions, the imaging appearance of these diseases is not well defined because of a paucity of scientific literature on this topic. Most benign tongue tumors usually appear as submucosal bulges located in the deep portion of the tongue. Their true features and extent may only be identified on cross-sectional images such as CT and MRI. Thus, CT and MRI play an important role in the diagnosis of these unusual lesions. It is important that radiologists be able to identify the characteristic CT and MR imaging features that can be used to narrow the differential diagnosis with increased diagnostic confidence, suggest specific histologic tumor types. In this pictorial essay, we provide insights into the MRI presentations of benign tongue tumors and tumor-like diseases and their radiologic-pathologic correlation. Benign tumors or tumor-like lesions of the tongue described herein include papilloma, lipoma, hemangioma, venous malformations, schwannoma, neurofibroma, epidermoid cyst, and dermoid cyst.

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Background: The localized form is characterized by local participation of the synovium as a nodule or pedunculated mass. The incidence rate of PVNS is estimated to be 1.8 per million people - the localized type is just one-quarter of that. The aim of this study is to remind orthopedic surgeons about the unusual properties of LPVNS located in the knee. Case Report: A 39-year-old man presented to our clinic with pain and discomfort in his right knee. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an intra-articular mass in the infrapatellar region of the knee adjacent to the Hoffa fat pad. The mass was hypointense in the T1 sequence and heterogeneously hyperintense in the T2 sequence, which may be considered a local type of tenosynovial giant cell tumor (LPVNS). Excision was carefully performed without penetrating the tumor. The macroscopic appearance of the tumor was yellow-reddish and brown in color. Histopathologic examination revealed pigmented villonodular synovitis of the local type. Conclusion: Even though the LPVNS of the knee is an uncommon intra-articular phenomenon, orthopedic surgeons should not overlook this lesion based on imaging findings, and open excision should be regarded as a reliable treatment option.

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an important risk factor for gastric cancer and is a recognized carcinogen. Although eradication of H. pylori reduces the incidence of gastric cancer, cases can still occur after eradication therapy. A number of such cases have been reported, and their early clinicopathological characteristics are becoming clearer. Some reports mention that endoscopic diagnosis of gastric cancer may be difficult after eradication therapy, because the cancer is covered by non-cancerous epithelium. However, there are few reports on advanced gastric cancer after eradication therapy, and its characteristics remain poorly understood. In view of the predicted increase in frequency of advanced gastric cancer after eradication therapy in the near future, it is important to be aware of these cases. In this report, we describe three cases of advanced gastric cancer detected during routine follow-up after eradication.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim is to give a morphological characteristic of tumors and tumor-like lesions of the salivary glands in the course of a comprehensive analysis of the surgical material. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The study used surgical material from 67 patients with various pathologies of the salivary glands. The patients were treated at Kyiv City Clinical Hospital No. 12 (Ukraine, Kiev) from 2014 to 2018. The resulting material was fixed in a 10% solution of neutral formalin (pH 7.4) for 24-48 hours, carried out according to the generally accepted technique and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections 2 µm thick were made from paraffin blocks and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Microspecimens were studied, using Olympus BX-41 microscope (Japan). RESULTS: Results: A comprehensive morphological study of the surgical material of patients with salivary gland pathology undergoing treatment at Kyiv City Clinical Hospital No. 12 (Ukraine, Kiev) for the period from 2014 to 2018 revealed benign tumors and tumor-like lesions of these glands. Pleomorphic adenomas and adenolymphomas represented benign tumors of the salivary glands, while cysts represented tumor-like lesions. Different ratios of parenchymal and stromal components characterized pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands. On this basis, we identified three tumor variants (mesenchymal (15 cases, 50.0 %); mixed or classic (10 cases, 33.3 %); epithelial (5 cases, 16.7 %)). A characteristic microscopic feature of salivary gland adenolymphomas was a pronounced predominance of the parenchyma over the stroma. A well-defined wall, represented by connective tissue fibers and epithelial lining, characterized the cysts of the salivary glands. The connective tissue capsule separating the tumor tissue from the intact tissue of the salivary gland was clearly pronounced in adenolymphomas, and in pleomorphic adenomas it could be clearly expressed, intact, with tumor invasion or absent. In mesenchymal and mixed variants of pleomorphic adenomas, in comparison with the epithelial variant, there was a frequent tumor invasion of the capsule, thinning of the capsule or its absence. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Morphological examination of the surgical material allows us to diagnose tumors (pleomorphic adenomas and adenolymphomas) and non-tumor lesions (cysts) of the salivary glands. This, of course, is of great therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic value. Among the identified pathology of the salivary glands, pleomorphic adenomas cause certain difficulties in morphological diagnosis due to their structural diversity and heterogeneity, sometimes requiring morphometric, immunohistochemical or genetic research.

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Tumor-like lesions of the upper limb are more frequent than malignant neoplastic lesions and they represent a wide and heterogeneous group of disorders. The combination of clinical evaluation and imaging is the first pivotal step to attempt a distinction between benign and malignant masses, since there are important implications for further management, such as the requirement for conservative or interventional treatment. The classification of these pseudo tumoral lumps remains arbitrary and is still a matter of debate, currently based on a conjunct clinico-radiologic approach. In this article, we review various types of tumor-like lesions of the upper limb in terms of imaging approach and related clinic features, proponing a descriptive classification, useful in clinical practice to recognize these disorders, and to avoid unnecessary or potentially harmful procedures.

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BACKGROUND: Facial nerve tumors (FNTs) are relatively rare benign lesions that arise from any segment of the facial nerve (FN). About half of all patients present with FN dysfunction, mainly long-standing or progressive facial paralysis. Diagnosis of an FNT is usually based on radiological imaging and confirmed by histological study. Most reported cases of FNTs are schwannomas and hemangiomas. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to review 4 cases of lesions with clinical, radiological, and surgical findings that suggested an FNT, the pathology revealing a fibrovascular proliferation with no clear signs of a specific tumor. METHOD: Medical records of patients who had surgery due to an FN lesion were reviewed. Cases with known tumoral lesions were excluded. Four patients with tumor-like lesions were identified. Their imaging studies were re-evaluated. The pathological study included hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemistry for S100 protein, neurofilaments, CD31, Wilms' tumor 1 (WT1), and D240. RESULTS: The 4 cases revealed tumor-like fibrovascular lesions that could not be classified as typical pathological entities. All cases had a complete facial palsy preoperatively. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested schwannoma or hemangioma. A complete excision was achieved, and a facial reconstruction was performed immediately after interruption. Postoperative FN function was improved in all cases. The histological study showed nervous tracts of normal morphology, with fibrous and vascular tissue interspersed in variable proportions. All cases showed areas of fibrosis with Masson's stain. In all cases, nervous tissue and Schwann cells tested positively for neurofilaments and S100, respectively. In vascular areas, endothelial cells stained positively for CD31, and negatively for D240 and WT1. CONCLUSIONS: Fibrovascular lesions of the FN may mimic primary FNTs, especially schwannomas and hemangiomas. Surgical excision with grafting or nerve transfer is the procedure of choice if a complete facial paralysis is found. This unusual condition should be considered when counseling patients with FN lesions. The lack of hyperintensity on MRI T2-weighted images may suggest the presence of fibrous tissue.

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Objective:To analyze the curative effect of locking compression pediatric hip plate (LCH-PHP) in the treatment tumor-like lesions of femoral neck in children.Methods:From January 2012 to June 2019, 45 children with Erol type Ⅱ-Ⅳ tumor-like lesions of femoral neck were retrospectively analyzed, involving 32 males and 13 females, aged 2-14 years.Among them, 27 cases were simple bone cyst, 15 cases were fibrous dysplasia, 3 cases were Langerhans histiocytosis, and 17 cases were accompanied with pathological fracture.Patients without pathological fracture were divided into 2 groups according to different surgical methods: lesion removal and bone grafting+ LCH-PHP preventive fixation group (group A) and lesion removal and bone grafting group (group B). Patients with pathological fracture were divided into 2 groups according to the different surgical methods: lesion removal and bone grafting+ LCH-PHP fixation and reduction group (group C) and lesion removal and bone grafting group (group D). The loss of femoral neck-stem angle, healing time and Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores were compared between group A and group B. Changes of femoral neck-stem angle were compared between group C and group D at postoperative 1 day and the last follow-up.Results:Forty-five patients were followed up for an average of 2.6 (1-4) years.The loss of femoral neck-stem angle in group A and group B were (0.50 ± 0.45)°, and (2.26 ± 1.64)°, which was significantly different ( t=-3.193, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the healing condition, healing time and MSTS scores at the last follow-up between group A and group B(all P>0.05). In group C, the ipsilateral femoral neck-stem angle at the postoperative 1 day and the last follow-up were (133.67±4.53)°and (133.00±4.32)°, respectively, which was comparable ( P>0.05). In group D, the ipsilateral femoral neck-stem angle at the postoperative 1 day and the last follow-up were (133.36±7.82)°and (130.63±8.24)°, respectively, which was significantly different ( t=7.11, P<0.05). Conclusions:LCH-PHP fixation can effectively maintain the femoral neck-stem angle and prevent the occurrence of pathological fracture children with Erol Ⅱ-Ⅳ tumor-like lesions of femoral neck.

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Avipoxvirus is the etiological agent of the avian pox, a well-known disease of captive and wild birds, and it has been associated with tumor-like lesions in some avian species. A white-faced whistling duck (Dendrocygna viduata) raised in captivity was referred to a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in Northeast due to cutaneous nodules present in both wings. A few days after the clinical examination, the animal died naturally. Once submitted to necropsy, histopathological evaluation of the lesions revealed clusters of proliferating epithelial cells expanding toward the dermis. Some of these cells had round, well-defined, intracytoplasmic eosinophilic material suggestive of poxvirus inclusion (Bollinger bodies). PCR performed on the DNA extracted from tissue samples amplified a fragment of the 4b core protein gene (fpv167), which was purified and sequenced. This fragment of Avipoxvirus DNA present in these tumor-like lesions showed high genetic homology (100.0%) with other poxviruses detected in different avian species in several countries, but none of them were related to tumor-like lesions or squamous cell carcinoma. This is the first report of Avipoxvirus detected in tumor-like lesions of a white-faced whistling duck with phylogenetic analysis of the virus.(AU)

Avipoxvirus é o agente etiológico da varíola (bouba) aviária, uma doença bem descrita em aves de cativeiro e selvagens, tendo sido associada a lesões semelhantes a tumores em algumas dessas espécies. Uma marreca piadeira (Dendrocygna viduata), criada em cativeiro, foi atendida em um Hospital Veterinário na região nordeste devido à presença de nódulos cutâneos em ambas as asas. Alguns dias após o exame clínico, o animal veio a óbito naturalmente. A ave foi submetida à necropsia e coletados fragmentos das lesões para análise histopatológica, que revelou proliferação de células epiteliais expandindo para a derme. Algumas dessas células possuíam material eosinofílico intracitoplasmático e bem definido, sugestivo de inclusão de poxvírus (corpúsculos de Bollinger). A PCR realizada a partir do DNA extraído de amostras das lesões amplificou um fragmento do gene da proteína do núcleo 4b (fpv 167), que foi purificado e sequenciado. Esse fragmento de DNA de Avipoxvirus presente nas lesões relevou alta homologia genética (100,0%) com outros poxvírus detectados em diferentes espécies de aves em vários países, mas nenhum deles estava relacionado a lesões tumorais ou carcinoma espinocelular. Este é o primeiro relato de Avipoxvirus detectado em lesões semelhantes a tumores em uma marreca piadeira com caracterização molecular do vírus.(AU)

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This article discusses the most common tumor and tumor-like lesions arising at the shoulder. Osseous tumors of the shoulder rank second in incidence to those at the knee joint and include benign osteochondromas and myeloma or primary malignant lesions, such as osteosarcoma or chondrosarcomas. Soft tissue tumors are overwhelmingly benign, with lipomas predominating, although malignant lesions, such as liposarcomas, can occur. Numerous tumor-like lesions may arise from the joints or bursae, due to either underlying arthropathy and synovitis (eg, rheumatoid arthritis and amyloid) or related to conditions, including tenosynovial giant cell tumor and synovial osteochondromatosis.

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The aim of this review is to raise awareness for mammary tumors in rabbits and to report progress in related research. Currently, a standardized tumor classification for rabbits is not available, prognostic factors are unknown and the only treatment option is surgical excision. Studies showed that affected rabbits have a wide age range and are nearly exclusively female or female spayed. Most mammary tumors are carcinomas. These may occur together with non-neoplastic or benign mammary lesions. Frequent microscopic findings are lipid droplets in tumor cells, secretory activity and microscopic heterogeneity. Since carcinomas are often negative for estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER-α/PR), modulation of receptor function will unlikely be beneficial for most rabbits. ER-α and PR status may have prognostic significance, since ER-α- or PR-negative tumors have significantly higher mitotic rates than ER-α- or PR-positive tumors. The frequent secretory activity of rabbit mammary tumors may suggest an influence of prolactin on tumorigenesis. Available data contribute to comparative pathology and are the basis for future molecular studies into the identification of additional prognostic factors and novel therapeutic options. They will also reveal the suitability of the rabbit as a model for certain types of breast cancer in women.

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Introduction Primary nerve tumors correspond to 5% of the soft tissue neoplasms affecting the upper limbs, with benign lesions being more frequent than malignant lesions. Objective To describe the epidemiological data of the microsurgical treatment of peripheral nerve tumors performed by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS, in the Portuguese acronym), with the code 0403020131, from 2008 to 2016, regarding the number of annual procedures, hospital and professional expenses, the average duration of hospital stay, and the number of deaths. Methods This is a descriptive epidemiological study whose data were obtained by consulting the database provided by the Health Informatics Department of the Brazilian Ministry of Health (DATASUS, in the Portuguese acronym). Results/Discussion A total of 6,012 procedures were performed during the period studied, with an average of 688 procedures per year. The average hospital stay was of 2.13 days. There was nomortality rate. The average annual cost of the professional was BRL 50,091.45; and the average hospital expenses were BRL111,887.94. Conclusion The microsurgical treatment of peripheral nerve tumors is a safe surgical procedure with zero mortality rate and short hospital stay. There was no national data on tumors of this nature in the medical literature.

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OBJECTIVES: Surgical resection of benign bone tumors and tumor-like lesions at the femoral neck presents a difficult reconstructive challenge. However, the safety and efficacy of free nonvascularized fibular autografts (FNFAs) in the treatment of femoral neck tumor-like lesions before epiphyseal closure in young patients remain unknown. METHODS: Sixteen pediatric patients who had not yet undergone epiphyseal closure were treated with FNFAs after resection of tumor-like lesions in the femoral neck from August 2012 to September 2016. All patients underwent supplementary skeletal traction through the supracondylar femur for 4 to 6 weeks after resection. Demographic data were recorded and clinical and radiological outcomes were evaluated during the follow-up. RESULTS: All patients could walk with partial weight bearing 4 weeks postoperative, and full weight bearing was permitted after a mean of 8 weeks. Graft union was attained in all 16 patients at a mean of 2 months. The donor site of the fibular cortical strut showed good regeneration in all patients. The Harris hip score significantly improved from 65% to 95%. CONCLUSIONS: Application of an FNFA is a feasible method in the treatment of tumor-like lesions in the femoral neck before epiphyseal closure in pediatric patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV.

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The descending duodenum is rarely involved in Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum) infection. Here, we report a case of acute Schistosoma infection, which presented with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and irregular fever. Tumor-like lesions were observed in the descending duodenum. Simultaneously, heterogeneity in hepatic perfusion was demonstrated by dynamic computed tomography scanning. Biopsy of the descending duodenum showed the deposition of Schistosoma eggs. Following administration of the antihelminthic drug praziquantel, the patient showed rapid clinical improvement. In conclusion, we report a patient with acute S. japonicum infection presenting as tumor-like lesions in the descending duodenum and heterogeneity of blood perfusion in liver parenchyma.

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Hashimoto's encephalopathy is characterized by the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies with no alternative cause. Patients with Hashimoto's encephalopathy present with various clinical symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. To our knowledge, this is the first documented report of Hashimoto's encephalopathy with MRI findings mimicking a brain tumor. The patient was a 41-year-old woman with a history of Hashimoto's disease. She experienced gradually worsening Parkinsonism and an MRI revealed a brain tumor-like lesion at the left caudate nucleus. She underwent a brain biopsy that revealed diffuse gliosis and perivascular lymphocyte infiltration with CD3+ T-cell predominance. No pathological signs of a brain tumor were found. Hashimoto's encephalopathy was suspected based on the patient's history and the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies. Her symptoms and the MRI findings improved with glucocorticoid treatment. Although there exist only a few studies on the pathology of Hashimoto's encephalopathy, our findings were consistent with those of previous reports. Our findings suggest cerebral vasculitis as an underlying etiology of Hashimoto's encephalopathy. We also emphasize the importance of considering Hashimoto's encephalopathy as a differential diagnosis of brain tumors.

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INTRODUCTION: In a clinicopathological retrospective epidemiological study we investigated benign tumors and tumor-like lesions located in the orofacial region, diagnosed at the Universiy of Szeged, Department of Oral Medicine. METHOD: During a 54-year period (1960-2014), 14 661 biopsies were taken. The included subjects were 7491 patients diagnosed with benign tumors and tumor-like lesions. RESULTS: The average age of patients was 55.3 years, 2823 (37.7%) patients were male and 4668 (62.3%) female. The male : female ratio was 1 : 1.65. Most of the patients included in the study were aged 51-60 (1280, 17.1%). The number of children was 1014 (13.6%) and the number of adults was 6477 (86.3%). The number of non-neoplasms was 6420 (85.7%), being significantly higher than the number of neoplasms (1071, 14.3%). Most of the lesions were of mesenchymal origin (5574, 77.4%); the number of lesions of non-mesenchymal origin was 982 (13.1%). The most prevalent type of lesions was traumatic fibroma (fibrosis): 1806 (32.4%). The most common lesion type in the group of lesions of infectious/inflammational origin was pyogenic granuloma, the number of which was 465 (8.3%). The most common cystic lesion was mucocele (805, 10.7%). Hemangioma was the most frequent lesion type among developmental anomalies with the number of 815 (14.6%). The most common location of the lesions was the lip in 2081 cases (27.8%), followed by the gingiva in 2024 cases (27.0%), bucca in 1069 cases (14.3%), tongue in 981 cases (13.1%), and the facial skin in 695 cases (9.3%). After taking biopsy, the majority of benign lesions were treated with cryo-, laser-, or combined (cryo and laser) surgery. CONCLUSION: The present computer-aided study showed that irritational fibroma was the most common orofacial benign tumor, and the lip was the most frequent location. The diagnostic classification and the methodology are considerably different in the majority of the studies, which may hinder the exact comparison with other surveys from different regions of the world. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(37): 1516-1524.

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