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The rotes of attempted and completed suicide among adolescents are increasing globally. Social support can help decrease the risk of adolescent suicide, but this aspect has been rarely studied in China. The present study aimed to use the Delphi methodology to establish a set of guidelines for the development of social support resources, with the goal of collectively reducing suicide risks among adolescents in Shanghai. We commenced the study in April 2021, established a research team, searched the keywords using Web of Science from 2016 to 2021 and ultimately designed a pre-evaluation index. Next, following Donabedian's Structure-Process-Outcome model, the research developed a questionnaire comprising 3 level-1, 12 level-2, and 73 level-3 indicators. Ten experts were enlisted to conduct three rounds of e-mail inquiries in order to finalize the indicator system, resulting in 2 level-1, 11 level-2, and 52 level-3 indicators, as well as expert consensus. Our findings indicate that the social support systems should include parents, schools, psychiatric hospitals, social organizations, and government departments, with the government sector being the most important ((M = 9.4). Furthermore, our study revealed that school counselors and psychologists play similar roles to psychiatrists within the interdisciplinary team (M ± S = 9.2 ± 1.1). As per the expert consensus, social support systems should strengthen government-led and interdisciplinary collaboration, prioritize suicide prevention in schools and encourage greater involvement from social organizations.

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Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is a global strategy for reducing female-to-male sexual transmission of HIV. Women whose partners are circumcised benefit from a reduced risk of contracting other sexually transmitted diseases; making their role in VMMC critical. The objective of our study was to identify and synthesize existing evidence related to women's role in promoting VMMC from a regional perspective. The review and selection process were guided by the Problem; Intervention; Comparison and Outcome (PICO) model, which facilitated the exclusion of irrelevant studies. The search strategy search terms for the PICO components with synonyms, related terms and specialist terms were harvested from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)© and Embase©. The inclusion criteria were published studies in English and relevant to women's role in VMMC for the prevention of HIV between 2007 and 2020. Four key categories emerged from the literature as follows: role of women, VMMC uptake, barriers and facilitators of VMMC. The majority of the studies concur on the importance of involving women in VMMC uptake as they have the power to negotiate with their male partners through communication and can persuade men to be circumcised, making it a joint decision. The benefits of VMMC in improving sexual pleasure and attractiveness of the penis seemed to positively convince women to influence and educate men to improve the uptake of VMMC. Women are motivated to convince men to undergo male circumcision (MC) because of the benefits associated with them such as reduction of HIV transmission and cervical cancer. There are, however, limited studies focusing on women's involvement in VMMC; hence, more research to explore this area is recommended. Contribution: This review revealed the important role played by women in influencing men to undergo MC but highlight the need for more studies on women's involvement in VMMC.

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Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is a global strategy for reducing female-to-male sexual transmission of HIV. Women whose partners are circumcised benefit from a reduced risk of contracting other sexually transmitted diseases; making their role in VMMC critical. The objective of our study was to identify and synthesize existing evidence related to women's role in promoting VMMC from a regional perspective. The review and selection process were guided by the Problem; Intervention; Comparison and Outcome (PICO) model, which facilitated the exclusion of irrelevant studies. The search strategy search terms for the PICO components with synonyms, related terms and specialist terms were harvested from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)© and Embase©. The inclusion criteria were published studies in English and relevant to women's role in VMMC for the prevention of HIV between 2007 and 2020. Four key categories emerged from the literature as follows: role of women, VMMC uptake, barriers and facilitators of VMMC. The majority of the studies concur on the importance of involving women in VMMC uptake as they have the power to negotiate with their male partners through communication and can persuade men to be circumcised, making it a joint decision. The benefits of VMMC in improving sexual pleasure and attractiveness of the penis seemed to positively convince women to influence and educate men to improve the uptake of VMMC. Women are motivated to convince men to undergo male circumcision (MC) because of the benefits associated with them such as reduction of HIV transmission and cervical cancer. There are, however, limited studies focusing on women's involvement in VMMC; hence, more research to explore this area is recommended.

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En España, los adolescentes con cáncer son tratados en servicios de oncohematología pediátrica o en servicios de oncología de adultos. Por ello, la Federación Española de Padres de Niños con Cáncer realizó 2 encuestas, una en 2013 y otra en 2014, para conocer las diferencias en las prestaciones de servicios psicosociales que reciben los adolescentes con cáncer y sus familiares en ambos tipos de unidades, 28 pediátricas y 18 de adultos. Los resultados mostraron que las unidades pediátricas estaban mejor adaptadas a las demandas de sus pacientes y familiares y a las recomendaciones de las autoridades sanitarias españolas: ambientes más adecuados, recursos educativos y de tiempo libre, facilidades para padres y acompañantes. El apoyo psicosocial especializado por psicólogos y trabajadores sociales es insuficiente en ambos casos y el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones nacionales e internacionales es escaso. No obstante, en España, siguiendo las experiencias de otros países, se están empezando a crear unidades específicas de adolescentes en las que se define el papel de las enfermeras como un eje esencial en el equipo de cuidados.(AU)

In Spain, adolescents with cancer are treated in paediatric onco-haematology units or in adult oncologyunits. For this reason, the Spanish Federation of Parents of Children with Cancer carried out 2 surveys, one in 2013 and other in 2014, to determine the differences in provision of psycho-social services to the patients and their relatives between the 2 types of units. Twenty-eight paediatric and 18 adult units provided information. The results showed that the paediatric units were better adapted to the needs of the adolescent and family patients and to Spanish health authority recommendations: more appropriate environment, resources for education and leisure, facilities for parents and relatives. Specialised psycho-social care from psychologists and social workers is insufficient in both cases and the compliance with national and international recommendations is weak. However, specific units for adolescents are starting to be created in Spain, following the experiences in other countries that define the new role of the nurse as an essential linchpin in the care team.(AU)

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PURPOSE: Many Ethiopian adolescents experience different forms of violence and abuse at home, at school, and in their communities. There are very limited referral, case management, and justice services, especially outside of urban areas, so young people draw largely on protective and promotive interpersonal resources. This article explores the extent to which available support systems promote processes of resilience among young people at risk of age- and gender-based violence and abuse. METHODS: The article draws on data from Gender and Adolescence: Global Evidence (GAGE), a longitudinal research study. Qualitative data were collected in 2017-2018 and 2019-2020 through individual interviews and focus group discussions with 595 adolescents and their families, and 77 service provider, community and governmental key informants. RESULTS: In the absence of effective and at-scale formal protection services, young people who experience age- and gender-based violence draw on support from family members and diverse peer networks. These range from informal friendship groups to organized groups, school-based girls' clubs, and recently formed youth movements linked to the current political transformation in the country. However, given the complex economic, political and social drivers of age- and gender-based violence and abuse, we find that social systems drawn upon by adolescents are often misaligned with formal services and have limited capacity to enable their resilience. CONCLUSIONS: The findings underline the need to invest in multi-systemic effective, low-cost and accessible social protection, justice, and referral services to address the multiple factors that drive intersecting forms of violence and support young people in preventing and overcoming the effects of abuse.

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First-time antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiators may be more vulnerable to poor ART adherence because they may be coping with a new HIV diagnosis, facing logistical challenges to accessing and adhering to ART for the first time, and have not yet developed support networks or the skills to support long-term adherence. We recruited 324 participants in two HIV clinics near Cape Town, South Africa. Sociodemographic/psychosocial factors were measured at baseline and self-reported adherence at the 6 month follow-up. We conducted multivariable regression to determine which baseline factors were associated with 6-month adherence. A better patient-clinic relationship score (OR: 1.08 [95% CI: 1.05-1.11]) was associated with higher adherence. A drug use problem (0.51 [0.29-0.87]), higher social isolation (0.93 [0.87-0.99]), and greater number of years living with HIV before initiating ART (0.92 [0.86-1.00]) were associated with adherence levels below 90%. Patient-clinic relationships and social support are key psycho-social factors in early adherence behavior. Reducing drug use problems through targeted screening and early intervention may improve ART adherence.

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In Spain, adolescents with cancer are treated in paediatric onco-haematology units or in adult oncologyunits. For this reason, the Spanish Federation of Parents of Children with Cancer carried out 2 surveys, one in 2013 and other in 2014, to determine the differences in provision of psycho-social services to the patients and their relatives between the 2 types of units. Twenty-eight paediatric and 18 adult units provided information. The results showed that the paediatric units were better adapted to the needs of the adolescent and family patients and to Spanish health authority recommendations: more appropriate environment, resources for education and leisure, facilities for parents and relatives. Specialised psycho-social care from psychologists and social workers is insufficient in both cases and the compliance with national and international recommendations is weak. However, specific units for adolescents are starting to be created in Spain, following the experiences in other countries that define the new role of the nurse as an essential linchpin in the care team.

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Both the ageing of the Chinese population and elderly mobility impact on the Chinese social infrastructure, triggering challenges to maintain elderly wellbeing. This paper reflects on the notion that seasonal mobility promotes wellbeing, and explores how two crucial factors, namely, forced migration and health conditions, influence the relations between seasonal retirement mobility and wellbeing. This study analyses amenity-led seasonal retired mobilities to Sanya as a case study, and adopts and develops a conceptual framework for relations between mobility and wellbeing in terms of daily activity, sociality, and context through seasonal mobility. Qualitative methods including participant observation, non-participant observation, in-depth interviews, and mobile ethnography were used to collect data. This revealed the heterogeneity of health conditions, and the constrained mobilities of seasonal retirees. Health and willingness for mobility are shown as significant factors in influencing the relations between mobility and wellbeing, which are in turn complicated and dynamic. Seasonal mobilities bring about difficulties for retirees particularly in terms of their efforts to reconstruct their previous life and self-continuities. However, it is argued that these retirees can merely maintain temporary and superficial wellbeing due to constant health concerns and uncertainties over potential temporary or permanent return to their places of origin. Those with serious health problems have more limitations, sacrificing other aspects of wellbeing for physical health. Practical implications from state, destination, and individual levels to better facilitate seasonal mobility and promote wellbeing are provided.

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Young stroke patients (<65 years of age) account annually for more than one quarter of the people who survive a stroke. This article demonstrates the necessity of providing ongoing stroke support networks for these young stroke survivors and their families and caregivers. Through a support group system, members have the opportunity to access education, socialization, emotional support, and community interaction. The authors utilized a survey format to interview young stroke survivors who belong to support groups and leaders of stroke support groups. The survey results detail common practices of Chicago metropolitan area stroke support groups, their typical formats, and their stated goals. These results document a definitively expressed need for young survivors to participate in peer groups addressing their different set of circumstances.