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BACKGROUND: Tackling client absenteeism in primary and secondary care settings is crucial to ensure the continuity of care for individuals, families and communities, as well as preventing waste of resources within healthcare systems. METHODOLOGY: This article is an integrative review to identify advancements in health technologies that address client absenteeism in primary and secondary care. The databases Medical Literature and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed®), Scientific Electronic Library Online and Virtual Health Library were consulted. The inclusion criteria were as follows: full papers, published between 2013 and 2023, in English, Portuguese or Spanish. The descriptors used were the following: patients, mobile applications, health services management, absenteeism and primary care, and secondary care. Eleven articles published from 2014 to 2021 were included. RESULTS: Most articles were identified in the MEDLINE/PUBMED database, employed a randomized controlled trial methodology (36.36%), and were published between 2019 and 2021 (90.0%) in English (63.7%). The applications had managerial, assistive and/or educational purposes. In addition to absenteeism control, these applications strived to promote client engagement with health services, increase health literacy and tackle structural barriers to care, such as language barriers. CONCLUSION: Efforts are needed to ensure that providers receive training to educate clients on the applications. Moreover, community-based participatory studies to ensure the feasibility of applications are warranted.

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BACKGROUND: Access to health care services is a critical determinant of population health and well-being. Measuring spatial accessibility to health services is essential for understanding health care distribution and addressing potential inequities. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we developed a geoprocessing toolbox including Python script tools for the ArcGIS Pro environment to measure the spatial accessibility of health services using both classic and enhanced versions of the 2-step floating catchment area method. METHODS: Each of our tools incorporated both distance buffers and travel time catchments to calculate accessibility scores based on users' choices. Additionally, we developed a separate tool to create travel time catchments that is compatible with both locally available network data sets and ArcGIS Online data sources. We conducted a case study focusing on the accessibility of hemodialysis services in the state of Tennessee using the 4 versions of the accessibility tools. Notably, the calculation of the target population considered age as a significant nonspatial factor influencing hemodialysis service accessibility. Weighted populations were calculated using end-stage renal disease incidence rates in different age groups. RESULTS: The implemented tools are made accessible through ArcGIS Online for free use by the research community. The case study revealed disparities in the accessibility of hemodialysis services, with urban areas demonstrating higher scores compared to rural and suburban regions. CONCLUSIONS: These geoprocessing tools can serve as valuable decision-support resources for health care providers, organizations, and policy makers to improve equitable access to health care services. This comprehensive approach to measuring spatial accessibility can empower health care stakeholders to address health care distribution challenges effectively.

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Lack of timeliness and capacity are seen as fundamental problems that jeopardise healthcare delivery systems everywhere. Many believe the shortage of medical providers is causing this timeliness problem. This action research presents how one doctor implemented the theory of constraints (TOC) to improve the throughput (quantity of patients treated) of his ophthalmology imaging practice by 64% in a few weeks with little to no expense. The five focusing steps (5FS) guided the TOC implementation - which included the drum-buffer-rope scheduling and buffer management - and occurred in a matter of days. The implementation provided significant bottom-line results almost immediately. This article explains each step of the 5FS in general terms followed by specific applications to healthcare services, as well as the detailed use in this action research. Although TOC successfully addressed the practice problems, this implementation was not sustained after the TOC champion left the organisation. However, this drawback provided valuable knowledge. The article provides insightful knowledge to help readers implement TOC in their environments to provide immediate and significant results at little to no expense.

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Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the global fight against Tuberculosis, although its impact is not fully known. We aimed to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis and hospital care of tuberculosis patients. Material and Method: We conducted a retrospective study in a Portuguese 804-bed hospital between March 2019 and March 2021. We compared the number of new diagnoses of active Tuberculosis in hospitalized patients in the 12-month period before (group A) and after (group B) the surge of COVID-19 in Portugal (March 2020), as well as patients’ clinical characteristics. Results: There were a total of 24.675 hospital admissions, of which 158 were due to new active tuberculosis. There were 60 new diagnoses of active tuberculosis in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (group B), compared to 98 in the previous year (group A) (0.5% vs. 0.8%, respectively, p=0.004). Gender distribution, age, symptoms at presentation and affected organs were similar in both groups. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a significant median 3-day delay in diagnosis after hospital admission (p=0.047) and a total of 18% of tuberculosis cases were co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the first month of antituberculosis therapy. Conclusion: During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalised patients were 37% less likely to have a diagnosis of new active TB, compared to the previous year. Our study highlights the concern about underdiagnosis and diagnostic delay of active TB during the COVID-19 pandemic and the need for studies and policies addressing this matter. (AU)

Objetivos: Analizar el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el diagnóstico y la atención hospitalaria de los pacientes con tuberculosis. Método: Estudio retrospectivo en un hospital portugués de 804 camas entre marzo de 2019 y marzo de 2021. Comparamos el número de nuevos diagnósticos de tuberculosis activa en pacientes hospitalizados en el período de 12 meses antes y después el repunte de la COVID-19 en Portugal (marzo 2020), así como las características clínicas de los pacientes. Resultados: Se incluyeron 24.675 ingresos hospitalarios, de los cuales 158 fueron por tuberculosis activa nueva. Se observó 60 nuevos diagnósticos de tuberculosis activa en el primer año de la pandemia COVID-19 (grupo B), frente a los 98 del año anterior (grupo A) (p=0,004). La distribución por género, edad, presentación y órganos afectados fueron similares. Durante la pandemia de COVID-19, hubo una mediana de retraso significativo de 3 días en el diagnóstico después del ingreso hospitalario (p=0,047) y un total del 18 % de los casos de tuberculosis se infectaron con SARS-CoV-2 en el primer mes de terapia antituberculosa. Conclusión: Durante el primer año de la pandemia COVID-19, los pacientes hospitalizados tuvieron 37% menos de probabilidad de tener un diagnóstico nuevo de TB. Nuestro estudio destaca la preocupación por el infradiagnóstico y el retraso en el diagnóstico de la TB activa durante la pandemia COVID-19 y la necesidad de estudios y políticas que aborden este tema. (AU)

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BACKGROUND: Long-term mental health (MH) policies in Finland aimed at investing in community care and promoting reforms have led to a reduction in the number of psychiatric hospital beds. However, most resources are still allocated to hospital and community residential services due to various social, economic and political factors. Despite previous research focussing on the number and cost of these services, no study has evaluated the emerging patterns of use, their technical performance and the relationship with the workforce structure. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to observe the patterns of use and their technical performance (efficiency) of the main types of care of MH services in the Helsinki-Uusimaa region (Finland), and to analyse the potential relationship between technical performance and the corresponding workforce structure. METHODS: The sample included acute hospital residential care, non-hospital residential care and outpatient care services. The analysis was conducted using regression analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, fuzzy inference and data envelopment analysis. RESULTS: The analysis showed a statistically significant linear relationship between the number of service users and the length of stay, number of beds in non-hospital residential care and number of contacts in outpatient care services. The three service types displayed a similar pattern of technical performance, with high relative technical efficiency on average and a low probability of being efficient. The most efficient acute hospital and outpatient care services integrated multidisciplinary teams, while psychiatrists and nurses characterized non-hospital residential care. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that the number of resources and utilization variables were linearly related to the number of users and that the relative technical efficiency of the services was similar across all types. This suggests homogenous MH management with small variations based on workforce allocation. Therefore, the distribution of workforce capacity should be considered in the development of effective policies and interventions in the southern Finnish MH system.

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INTRODUCTION: Accidents at work are events that endanger the health and life of workers. They are considered a public health problem, being the object of studies and actions in the Brazilian health system. The collapsed of the ore tailings dam in the municipality of Brumadinho, Brazil, in January 2019, shocked the world due to the proportion of environmental and human damage caused. In this context, concern for the health of workers gained prominence. This paper evaluated the impact of the collapse of the mining tailings dam in Brumadinho, on notifications of occupational health problems before and after the disaster. METHODS: An observational, longitudinal and retrospective study, of the time series type with a statistical approach was carried out on notifications of work-related injuries and diseases, available in the local database of the Notifiable Diseases Information System between January 2017 and December 2021. RESULTS: During the study period, 520 notifications of work-related injuries and conditions were registered. Of this total, 67.3% were serious work accidents, 26.0% mental disorders, 12.3% accidents with biological material and 2.9% repetitive strain injuries/musculoskeletal disorders, occupational dermatoses and induced hearing loss by noise. Occurrences were more frequent in 2019, the year in which the mining disaster occurred, recording 65.2% of total notifications. Regarding the volume of notifications after the disaster, there was a statistically significant reduction (p < 0.001) for accidents with biological material; significant increase for severe work accident and mental disorder. The average time between the occurrence of the injury and the notification showed a statistically significant reduction for accidents involving biological material (p = 0.001) and a significant increase for serious accidents at work (p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: It was demonstrated that there were changes in the number of notifications when comparing the period before and after the mining disaster, with a consequent impact on the health of workers, which may persist over the years.

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The selection of suitable logistic service providers is essential while making strategic decision for sustainable business. Green logistic service management is the one that incorporates sustainable practices in whole operation cycle in order to maintain product quality, timely deliveries and satisfied customers. This also helps in the prevention of products from further waste that is quite necessary in the context of emerging economies. Thus, in order to assess its effectiveness, the study proposes a framework which emphasizes that the simultaneous role of green logistic services management, green construction, green innovation, and green social awareness helps in achieving sustainable development in Vietnamese context. The outcomes revealed that the green logistic services management, green construction practices, and green innovation helps to achieve sustainability in transportation industry of Vietnam due to positive linkage. The results also exposed that the green social awareness significantly moderates among green logistic services management, green construction practices, green innovation, and sustainable development of transportation industry in Vietnam.

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BACKGROUND: New Public Management theory affected reforms of public sectors worldwide. In Italy, an important reform of the healthcare sector changed the profile of public hospitals, creating new management related positions in 1992. The reform defined the role of the clinician-manager: a hybrid figure, in charge of managing an entire unit. This paper aims to investigate how much clinician-managers feel like managers and how much they still feel like professionals, using time as a driver to conduct the analysis. METHODS: A survey-questionnaire was administered to a set of 2,011 clinician-managers employed in public hospitals, with a response rate of 60.42%. The managerial role of healthcare professionals in public hospitals: A time-driven analysis of their activities. The questionnaire aimed to identify the difference between how much time clinician-managers actually spend on daily activities and how much time they would think be appropriate. To better cluster different type of management styles, subgroups were identified based on the type of organisations respondents work for, geographical location, and professional specialty. RESULTS: Findings suggest that clinician-managers spend more time on clinical activities than management. Clear differences are found according to professional specialty, and there are fewer differences in geographical location and the type of organisation. CONCLUSIONS: The absence of clear differences in the responses between different geographical areas implies that a shared organisational culture characterizes the whole sector. However, differences in how the clinician-manager role is perceived based on the professional specialty suggest that closer integration may be needed.

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O estudo trata da sífilis na gravidez, tema que se destacou no trabalho como enfermeira em dois municípios da Região Metropolitana do Estado do Pará, como coordenadora Municipal da Saúde da Mulher no município de Benevides-PA e na coordenação da Vigilância Epidemiológica no município de Santa Bárbara do Pará-PA, pela alta incidência no primeiro e a baixa no segundo. O estranhamento levou à necessidade de supervisão mais próxima junto às equipes de saúde, que levou à identificação de fragilidades no manejo dos casos de sífilis e inexistência de uma linha de cuidado voltada para o acompanhamento de gestantes acometidas. O objetivo geral do estudo foi o de propor uma linha de cuidado para gestantes com sífilis voltado para o cuidado integral. E, como objetivos específicos: analisar o Itinerário Terapêutico de gestantes diagnosticadas com Sífilis no município de Santa Bárbara do Pará; e identificar as ações que possam oferecer a melhoria do cuidado às gestantes com sífilis. Realizou-se estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, em duas etapas. A 1ª etapa consistiu de levantamento documental das fichas de notificação de sífilis em gestantes e dados dos prontuários, lançados em planilha Excel® e Word® e, analisados por meio de estatística descritiva simples. Na 2ª etapa realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada com 8 mulheres/gestantes diagnosticadas entre os anos de 2018 e 2021 com sífilis durante a gravidez. Obteve-se dados de caracterização sociodemográfica e sobre o itinerário terapêutico no pré-natal até a resolução da gravidez, o diagnóstico de sífilis, suas repercussões e serviços e apoios recebidos. Procedeu-se a análise de conteúdo das entrevistas segundo o referencial de Kleinman. A análise dos itinerários terapêuticos das mulheres durante a gestação permitiu identificar os subsistemas de cuidados de saúde. No subsistema popular, o apoio do parceiro e da família foram relevantes. A busca de cuidado da sífilis expressa o universo social e cultural da gestante. No subsistema tradicional, inclui-se a busca por especialistas da cura não profissionais como a vizinha benzedeira e prática em "puxar a barriga", bem como o uso de chás e alimentos com finalidade terapêutica. No subsistema profissional, constata-se os cuidados obtidos nos serviços de saúde nos diversos níveis de atenção, revelando-se as fragilidades do funcionamento do sistema. As análises apontaram os elementos para a proposição de uma linha de cuidado à gestante com sífilis para o município, que se configurou como o produto tecnológico resultante do presente estudo, que será apresentado à gestão municipal. Conclui-se que a trajetória percorrida pelas gestantes em busca de cuidado revela a complexidade do cuidado à mulher com sífilis na gestação e os desafios dos sistemas de saúde em compreender a ocorrência da sífilis como um sistema cultural de cuidados de saúde

The study deals with syphilis in pregnancy, a topic that stood out in her work as a nurse in two cities in the Metropolitan Region of the State of Pará, as Municipal Coordinator of Women's Health in the city of Benevides-PA and in the coordination of Epidemiological Monitoring in the city of Santa Bárbara do Pará-PA, for the high incidence in the first and the low in the second. The estrangement led to the need for closer supervision by the health teams, which led to the identification of weaknesses in the management of syphilis cases and the lack of a line of care aimed at monitoring affected pregnant women. The general objective of the study was to propose a line of care for pregnant women with syphilis aimed at comprehensive care. And, as specific objectives: to analyze the Therapeutic Itinerary of pregnant women diagnosed with Syphilis in the city of Santa Bárbara do Pará; and to identify actions that can improve care for pregnant women with syphilis. A descriptive study with a qualitative approach was carried out in two stages. The 1st stage consisted of documental survey of syphilis notification forms in pregnant women and data from medical records, entered in Excel® and Word® spreadsheets and analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. In the 2nd stage, a semi-structured interview was carried out with 8 women/pregnant women diagnosed between 2018 and 2021 with syphilis during pregnancy. Sociodemographic characterization data and on the therapeutic itinerary in prenatal care until the resolution of the pregnancy, the diagnosis of syphilis, its repercussions and services and support received were obtained. Content analysis of the interviews was carried out according to Kleinman's framework. The analysis of women's therapeutic itineraries during pregnancy allowed the identification of health care subsystems. In the popular subsystem, partner and family support were relevant. The search for care for syphilis expresses the pregnant woman's social and cultural universe. In the traditional subsystem, the search for non-professional healing specialists is included, such as the healer next door and the practice of "pulling the belly", as well as the use of teas and foods for therapeutic purposes. In the professional subsystem, the care obtained in health services at different levels of care is observed, revealing the weaknesses of the functioning of the system. The analyzes pointed out the elements for proposing a line of care for pregnant women with syphilis for the municipality, which was configured as the technological product resulting from the present study, which will be presented to the municipal management. It is concluded that the trajectory taken by pregnant women in search of care reveals the complexity of care for women with syphilis during pregnancy and the challenges of health systems in understanding the occurrence of syphilis as a cultural system of health care

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Introdução: A Organização Social de Saúde é uma entidade sem fins lucrativos que se encontra em estágio de expansão e há uma nítida divergência de opiniões quanto a sua efetividade e cumprimento das metas designadas pelo contrato de gestão proposto pelas instituições públicas. Objetivo: Analisar se há o cumprimento de metas estabelecidas pelo con-trato de gestão entre a Prefeitura Municipal de Catanduva/SP e o Hospital Psiquiátrico Espírita Mahatma Gandhi (OSS). Métodos: É um estudo descritivo e transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada a partir do Relatório do Observatório de Saúde de Catanduva de 2019, estabelecendo uma relação comparativa com as metas propostas no Contrato de Gestão vigente. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: número de consultas médicas, número de consultas de enfermagem e taxa de encaminhamento médico nas Unidades de Saúde da Família. Resultados: Em relação à taxa de encaminhamen-tos realizados durante o ano de 2019 em todas as USF, a média foi inferior ao valor de referência estabelecido no contra-to, sugerindo alta taxa de resolubilidade desses serviços. Além disso, produção médica e de enfermagem nas Unidades de Saúde da Família do município de Catanduva encontra-se, em sua maioria, acima do previsto no contrato de gestão, representando o cumprimento dos valores estabelecidos pela contratante. Conclusão: As metas atribuídas à OSS no contrato foram cumpridas pelas unidades de saúde conforme os valores pactuados pela Prefeitura Municipal (AU)

Introduction: The Social Health Organization is a non-profit entity that is in an expansion stage and there is a clear divergence of opinions regarding its effectiveness and compliance with the goals designated by the man-agement contract proposed by public institutions. Objective: To evaluate if the goals established by the manage-ment contract between the City of Catanduva / SP and the Psychiatric Hospital Spiritist Mahatma Gandhi (OSS) are met. Methods : It is an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Data collection was carried out based on the 2019 Catanduva Health Observatory Report, establishing a comparative relationship with the goals proposed in the current Management Contract. The following variables were analyzed: number of medical consultations, number of nursing consultations and medical resolvability index in Family Health Units. Results: Regarding medical resolution, the average rate of referrals made during 2019 in all FHUs was lower than the reference value established in the contract, suggesting a high rate of resolution of these services. In addition, medical and nursing production in the Family Health Units in the municipality of Catanduva is mostly above that provided for in the management contract, representing compliance with the values established by the contractor. Conclusion: The targets assigned to the OSS in the contract were met by the health units in accordance with the values agreed by the City Hall (AU)

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Despite ever-increasing resources devoted to healthcare, lack of capacity and timeliness are still chronic problems worldwide. This systematic review aims to present an overview of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) implementations in healthcare services and their outcomes. We analysed 42 TOC implementations (15 full-text articles, 12 video proceedings, and 2 theses/disserations) from major scientific electronic databases and TOC International Certification Organization Conferences. All implementations reported positive outcomes, both tangible and intangible. The two main improvements reported by authors were in productivity (98%; n = 41) - more patients treated - and in the timeliness of care (83%; n = 35). Furthermore, the selected studies reported dramatic improvements: 50% mean reductions in patient waiting time; 38% reduction in patient length of stay; 43% mean increase in operating room productivity and 34% mean increase in throughput. TOC implementations attained positive results in all levels of the health and social care chain. Most TOC recommendations and changes showed almost immediate results and required little or no additional cost to implement. Evidence supports TOC as a promising solution for the chronic healthcare problem, improving quality and timeliness, both necessary conditions for providing effective healthcare.

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Introdução: A vigilância sanitária é uma função precípua do Estado para proteção da saúde individual e coletiva mediante ações de controle de riscos, atuais ou potenciais, presentes na produção de bens e serviços, e integra o Sistema Único de Saúde. A vigilância sanitária de serviços de saúde é parte do escopo de atuação da Vigilância Sanitária (Visa) para o controle dos riscos e iatrogenias nos serviços de saúde. Objetivo: Analisar desafios à atuação dos trabalhadores de Visa nos serviços de saúde. Método: O estudo, de abordagem qualitativa, integra uma pesquisa financiada pelo CNPQ para análise do controle sanitário realizado pelas Visa em serviços de saúde da atenção básica e especializada. Utilizou-se a técnica de Grupo Focal com trabalhadores da Visa de oito estados brasileiros. As falas foram transcritas e analisadas segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática, sistematizadas em duas categorias: Gestão e Organização dos Serviços e Condições de Trabalho. Resultados: Identificou-se problemas e desafios, tais como: incipiente planejamento das ações; dificuldades na organização do trabalho decorrentes da rotatividade de gestores, da falta de recursos humanos e tecnológicos, da ausência de coordenação e da integração dos níveis do Sistema Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Emergiram insatisfações e desafios sobre condições de trabalho, precarizações dos vínculos, baixos salários, equipes incompletas e necessidade de concursos públicos e de valorização do trabalho. Conclusões: A atuação da Visa em serviços de saúde requer a superação de múltiplos desafios, que perpassam a integração das ações nos distintos níveis de gestão e questões de capacitação, incorporação de tecnologias e de readequação de processos de trabalho.

Introduction: Health surveillance (Visa) is a primary function of the State for the protection of individual and collective health through risk control actions, current or potential, present in the production of goods and services, and is part of SUS (Brazilian Universal Health System). Health surveillance of health services is part of Visa's scope of action for the control of risks and iatrogenic diseases in health services. Objective: To analyze challenges to the performance of Visa in health services. Method: The study, with a qualitative approach, integrates research funded by CNPq to analyze the sanitary control carried out by Visa in health services of primary and specialized care; the Focus Group technique was used with Visa workers from 8 Brazilian states. The speeches were transcribed and analyzed according to the thematic content analysis technique, systematized in two categories: Management and Organization of Services, and Working Conditions. Results: Problems and challenges were identifed, such as: incipient planning of actions; difculties in the organization of work, resulting from the turnover of managers, the lack of human and technological resources, and the lack of coordination and integration of the levels of the National Health Surveillance System. Dissatisfactions and challenges about working conditions, precarious employment conditions, low wages, incomplete teams and the need for public tenders and work valorization emerged. Conclusions: Visa's performance in health services requires overcoming multiple challenges, which permeate the integration of actions at different levels of management and training issues, incorporation of technologies and readjustment of work processes.

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This article/paper proposes to take advantage of the crisis resulting from COVID-19 and its' impact on Air Traffic Control (ATC) in Europe to reinvent it. The article explains its evolution, in particular, 20 years of Single European Sky reform process not having overcome the gridlock. The impact of the COVID-19 on aviation in general and specifically on ATC is described. It focuses on the avenues to overcome fragmentation and competing interests of the various stakeholders by reinventing EUROCONTROL Organisation as the agent to recover from the economic crisis.

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OBJECTIVES: Healthcare professionals' high risk of infection and burnout in the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic probably hindered their much-needed preparedness to respond. We aimed to inform how individual and institutional factors contributed for the preparedness to respond during the first months of a public health emergency. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: We surveyed healthcare workers from a Local Health Unit in Portugal, which comprises primary health care centers and hospital services, including public health units and intensive care units, in the second and third months of the COVID-19 epidemic in Portugal. The 460 answers, completed by 252 participants (about 10% of the healthcare workers), were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regressions. We estimated adjusted odds ratios for the readiness and willingness to respond. RESULTS: Readiness to respond was associated with the perception of adequate infrastructures (aOR = 4.04, P < 0.005), lack of access to personal protective equipment (aOR = 0.26, P < 0.05) and organization (aOR = 0.31, P < 0.05). The willingness to act was associated with the perception of not being able to make a difference (aOR = 0.05, P < 0.005), risk of work-related burnout (aOR = 21.21, P < 0.01) and experiencing colleagues or patients' deaths due to COVID-19 (aOR = 0.24, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Adequate organization, infrastructures, and access to personal protective equipment may be crucial for workers' preparedness in a new public health emergency, as well workers' understanding of their roles and expected impact. These factors, together with the risk of work-related burnout, shall be taken into account in the planning of the response of healthcare institutions in future public health emergencies.

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Evaluation of Emergency Medical Services Management Information System (EMSIS) makes it possible to assess the extent to which the objectives of supporting of healthcare delivery services. This paper presents an overview of the regulatory process in prehospital EMS electronic data registration and provides a minimum data set for the purpose of developing such a care system on a national scale. It further offers an evaluation framework for such systems.

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Mixed methods research (MMR) is versatile, pragmatic, and adaptable to constraints and opportunities during a research process. Although MMR has gain popularity in health services management research, little is known about how the research approach has been used and the quality of research. We conducted a systematic review of 198 MMR articles published in selected U.S.-based and international health services management journals from 2000 through 2018 to examine the extent of MMR application and scientific rigor. Results showed limited, yet increasing, use of MMR and a high degree of correspondence between MMR designs and study purposes. However, most articles did not clearly justify using MMR designs and the reporting of method details and research integration were inadequate in a significant portion of publications. We propose a checklist to assist the preparation and review of MMR manuscripts. Additional implications and recommendations to improve transparency, rigor, and quality in MMR are discussed.

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Resumo O modelo de Acesso Avançado ou Aberto (Advanced/Open Access) vem sendo estimulado por gestores e valorizado pela medicina de família e comunidade brasileira como modelo de gestão da clínica na Equipe de Saúde da Família. Este artigo de revisão integrativa discute como essa tecnologia pode qualificar ou prejudicar a Atenção Primária à Saúde. Embora ajude a promover mudanças necessárias em agendas tradicionalmente voltadas para ações programáticas, o modelo tem um forte viés gerencialista. Ao desconsiderar premissas básicas, sua implantação pode resultar em sofrimento do profissional e em sua alienação perante o território e o cuidado integral em saúde, além de reforçar o modelo biomédico e a medicalização social. Apontamos caminhos para que 'avançado' não signifique 'precipitado', destacando que uma implantação com base no diálogo entre trabalhadores, gestores e usuários parece mais coerente com a própria literatura sobre Acesso Avançado e com a produção nacional sobre Acolhimento no Sistema Único de Saúde.

Abstract The Advanced/Open Access model has been encouraged by managers and valued by Brazilian family and community medicine as a model of clinical management in the Family Health Team. This integrative review article discusses how this technology can qualify or hinder Primary Health Care. Although it helps to promote necessary changes in agendas traditionally focused on programmatic actions, the model has a strong managerialist bias. By disregarding basic premises, its implementation may result in professional suffering and alienation from the territory and integral health care, besides reinforcing the biomedical model and social medicalization. We point out ways for 'advanced' not to mean 'precipitate', highlighting that an implementation based on dialogue among workers, managers, and users seems more coherent with the literature on Advanced Access and with the national production on Welcoming in the Unified Health System.

Resumen El modelo de Acceso Avanzado o Abierto (Advanced/Open Access) ha sido estimulado por los gestores y valorado por la medicina de familia y por la comunidad brasileña como modelo de gestión de la clínica en el Equipo de Salud de la Familia. Este artículo de revisión integradora analiza cómo esta tecnología puede calificar o perjudicar la Atención Primaria de Salud. Si bien ayuda a promover cambios necesarios en agendas tradicionalmente enfocadas en acciones programáticas, el modelo tiene un fuerte sesgo administrativista. Al desconocer premisas básicas, su implementación puede resultar en sufrimiento del profesional y en su alienación ante el territorio y del cuidado integral en salud, además de reforzar el modelo biomédico y la medicalización social. Señalamos caminos para que 'avanzado' no signifique 'apresurado', destacando que una implementación basada en el diálogo entre trabajadores, gestores y usuarios parece más coherente con la literatura sobre Acceso Avanzado y con la producción nacional sobre Acogida en el Sistema Único de Salud.

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BACKGROUND: The hospital management and its functions can be very important in improving the quality of hospital care, and their managers need several competencies to perform these functions efficiently and effectively. Today, more attention should be paid to the use of professional hospital managers, especially those educated in the field of Health Services Management. The present study aimed to study the change paradigm of hospital management by graduates of Health Services Management in a hospital in Iran as a developing country. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a qualitative case study conducted in the Hazrate Ali Asghar Hospital in Shiraz, Iran in 2018 in order to determine the "why", "how" and "what" aspects of applying hospital managers educated in the field of Health Services Management instead of other traditional managers, as a change paradigm. The samples were selected purposefully and semi-structured in-depth interviews with 12 people were used to explain the experiences of management style by graduates of Health Services Management. Data were collected and analyzed simultaneously using the thematic analysis method and with the inductive approach. RESULTS: Results of the interviews led to the identification of 6 main themes and 26 sub-themes. The main themes were structural reforms, process reforms, organizational culture reforms, performance reforms, resource reforms, and consequences and results. CONCLUSION: According to the results, shifting from the use of traditional managers to the use of graduates of Health Services Management in the hospital proposed as a change paradigm in the hospital management is accompanied by some reforms in the hospital structures, processes, resources, culture, and performance. Such reforms may lead to some valuable final consequences and results such as increasing patient and staff satisfaction and effectiveness of actions and activities. This hypothesis is recommended to be tested in other similar settings.

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OBJECTIVE: Growing a strong Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workforce is key to closing the gap in health outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. This study sought to explore barriers and enablers to career development for Aboriginal health staff and potential strategies to enhance career pathways. DESIGN: Qualitative study, with data collected primarily through focus group discussions (yarning circles) at different health workplaces. SETTING: Western New South Wales. PARTICIPANTS: Aboriginal health staff (n = 54) from Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services, a Local Health District and a Primary Health Network, and their managers (Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal; n = 28). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identified barriers and enablers and regional strategies for improving career pathways. RESULTS: Aboriginal people interested in pursuing a career in health face barriers in: pre-employment, recruitment, the workplace and further education and training. Being given practical and emotional support, as well as opportunities, makes a difference at every stage. Family and community are very influential in career decisions. Within the workplace, culturally appropriate human resource systems and management structures are vital. The ability to obtain employment and access education and training locally is important to rural and remote communities. CONCLUSION: To enhance health career pathways for Aboriginal people, strategies are needed at all levels: community, organisation, system and society. Aboriginal leadership and self-determination are crucial, as are partnerships within the health sector and between the health and the education and training sectors. Cultural safety is essential to expansion of the Aboriginal workforce, and to health care experiences and outcomes for Aboriginal community members.

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Objetivo: Describir la situación, percepciones y opiniones de los profesionales sanitarios de Atención Primaria (AP) respecto a los sistemas de telecomunicación y telemedicina de este ámbito, así como determinar su grado de satisfacción. Método: Estudio descriptivo observacional transversal realizado en profesionales sanitarios de Atención Primaria mediante un cuestionario autocumplimentado con variables sociodemográficas, características laborales, opiniones y percepciones sobre desarrollo informático, sistemas de información, accesibilidad telemática, seguridad para pacientes y el grado de satisfacción de los profesionales respecto al desarrollo informático. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que se puede acceder a informes de alta hospitalaria y urgencias en el 89,2% (intervalo de confianza [IC] 95%: 86,4-92,0) y 87,2% (IC 95%: 84,2-90,2) de casos, respectivamente. Existe opción de teleconsulta con hospitalaria según un 95,1% de encuestados. Un 38,9% indicó disponer de alertas de recepción de informes de hospital, y el 73,3%, tener accesibilidad telemática para sus pacientes. El 34,8% señaló que no había ninguna mejora en general en las vías de comunicación, y el 51,7% y tampoco veía mejoras en los recursos tecnológicos en general tras la pandemia. Un 13,0% manifestó estar muy insatisfecho y el 27,3% dijo estar insatisfecho con el nivel de desarrollo informático en sistemas de telemedicina y telecomunicación en la AP de su área sanitaria. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los equipos de Atención Primaria de los Servicios Autonómicos disponen de historia clínica compartida con el hospital, mientras que solo una parte cuenta con sistemas de alertas de recepción de informar del ámbito hospitalario. El obligado cambio de la asistencia sanitaria no ha mejorado sustancialmente los recursos tecnológicos tras la pandemia y existe un considerable grado de insatisfacción de los profesionales.(AU)

Objective: To report Primary Care healthcare professionals’ circumstances, insight and points of view in regard to telecommunication systems and telemedicine as well as determine their degree of satisfaction. Method: Descriptive, observational, transversal study performed on primary healthcare professionals by means of a self-completion questionnaire with socio-demographic variables, job characteristics, views and perceptions in regard to IT development, information systems, online accessibility, patient safety and the degree of satisfaction of healthcare professionals with IT development. Results: The results showed that it is possible to access discharge reports from hospitalized patients and from the accident and emergency department in 89.2% (95%CI: 86.4-92.0) and 87.2% (95%CI: 84.2-90.2) of cases, respectively. According to 95.1% of people polled, there is an option for remote consultation with hospital care. A total of 38.9% of survey respondents pointed out that they receive e-notifications of hospital reports and 73.3% claimed to have online access to their patients’ information. A total of 34.8% and 51.7% of clinicians stated that, in general, there was no improvement in communication channels or technological resources after the pandemic, respectively. A total of 13.0% of respondents expressed that they are very unsatisfied and 27.3% unsatisfied with IT development in primary healthcare telemedicine systems and telecommunication in their health area. Conclusion: Most Primary Care healthcare teams in regional health services have access to medical histories shared with hospitals. However, just some of them have electronic notification systems for hospital reports. The mandatory change in healthcare has not substantially improved technological resources after the pandemic and there is a considerable level of dissatisfaction among professionals.(AU)

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