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Collective memories refer to a group's shared representation of the past, which are slow to change over time. In this study, representative samples of American and German Younger Adults (YAs) and Older Adults (OAs) rated the emotional valence of 12 national historic events. Critically, both age groups were also asked to take on the perspective of the other: OAs imagined how YAs feel, whereas YAs imagined how OAs feel about the same events today. The results replicated previous findings that OAs and YAs hold differing opinions on numerous events. Both age groups successfully recognised these different collective perceptions between generations to some extent. Yet, OAs were more accurate in the perspective-taking task, with YAs consistently underestimating the intensity of OAs' emotional valence. Self-reported perspective-taking strategies suggest that OAs relied more on stereotypes and considered education, while knowledge from specific people was universally used to rate the other age group's perspective.

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Electrophysiology typically deals with the electrical properties of excitable cells like neurons and muscles. However, all other cells (non-excitable) also possess bioelectric membrane potentials for intracellular and extracellular communications. These membrane potentials are generated by different ions present in fluids available in and outside the cell, playing a vital role in communication and coordination between the cell and its organelles. Bioelectric membrane potential variations disturb cellular ionic homeostasis and are characteristic of many diseases, including cancers. A rapidly increasing interest has emerged in sorting out the electrophysiology of cancer cells. Compared to healthy cells, the distinct electrical properties exhibited by cancer cells offer a unique way of understanding cancer development, migration, and progression. Decoding the altered bioelectric signals influenced by fluctuating electric fields benefits understanding cancer more closely. While cancer research has predominantly focussed on genetic and molecular traits, the delicate area of electrophysiological characteristics has increasingly gained prominence. This review explores the historical exploration of electrophysiology in the context of cancer cells, shedding light on how alterations in bioelectric membrane potentials, mediated by ion channels and gap junctions, contribute to the pathophysiology of cancer.

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LGBTQ+ people continue to be threatened by systemic censorship and erasure in public spaces and discourses, making community-based resources for positive development crucial. In this study, we examined one such developmental resource-LGBTQ+ intergenerational storytelling about cultural-historical events. LGBTQ+ adults (N = 495) ranging in age from 17 to 80 years (M = 39.22, SD = 19.89) responded to an online survey about LGBTQ+ intergenerational storytelling and relationships. Results showed that although LGBTQ+ intergenerational storytelling was reported to occur infrequently, sharing stories across generations was considered important, and LGBTQ+ people desired even greater intergenerational connection. Intergenerational narratives reported by participants were primarily about cultural-historical events involving adversity and oppression (e.g. AIDS crisis), policy and legislation (e.g. marriage equality), and protest, resistance, and activism (e.g. Stonewall uprising). Stories were mostly told by older friends in private or social settings for the purpose of passing on LGBTQ+ history. Lessons learned through storytelling were diverse but tended to focus on appreciation and affirmation. Valuing intergenerational storytelling was associated with positive psychosocial identity. This study suggests that intergenerational storytelling may be an important developmental resource for LGBTQ+ people and other marginalized communities.

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This commentary reinforces a central commitment of life course research: to make visible how social change matters in human lives. This paper captures a moderated conversation with four senior scholars about how they came to study the intersection between social change and life experience, why this intersection is so important to life course studies, and theoretical and methodological imperatives and challenges that come with it.

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Existing studies on traumatic events focused on children, while it has been understudied in older adults. This study aims to examine prevalence, frequency, and severity of life events in older Chinese Americans. The data were drawn from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly (PINE) in 2017-2019. Twenty life events were evaluated, including natural disasters, personal traumatic events, and historical events. Among 3125 participants, the mean age was 75.33 (standard deviation (SD) = 8.22) with 61.06% female. Cultural Revolution (73.27%) has the highest prevalence. A total of 1819 (58.39%) participants reported typhoon and experienced multiple times. Falsely accused of crime was reported as the most severe event. Women were more likely to report family-related life events. Those with higher education were more likely to report personal traumatic events. This study is among the first to profile life events in older Chinese Americans. Age cohorts, gender roles, and socioeconomic status shape individuals' exposure to life events. This study could help identify which vulnerable groups have high risks of exposure to traumatic events.

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Studies have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant drop in carbon emissions in 2020, however, it is an open question whether carbon emissions continue to decline after the COVID-19 pandemic. To forecast the changes in carbon emissions after the pandemic, this study analyzed the long-term relationship between the extreme events and carbon emissions since 1960, and short-term drivers of the changes in carbon emissions before and after the 2008 financial crisis. Extreme events cannot change the upward trend of carbon emission in the long run. Specifically, the extreme events (1973 oil crisis, the American Reserve Loan Association crisis, the disintegration of the former Soviet Union, the Asian financial crisis and the 2008 financial crisis) led to a decline in carbon emissions temporarily, however, a retaliatory rebound of carbon emission were occurred after the extreme events. The long-term relationship between extreme events and carbon emission indicate that this unfolding extreme event (COVID-19 pandemic) cannot change the trend the carbon emission, and carbon emission will be rebound after the pandemic. In addition, the decomposition results showed the main contributor to the retaliatory rebound of carbon emissions after the 2008 financial crisis was the decline in energy efficiency. The decline in energy efficiency was caused by the economic recovery plan post 2008 financial crisis, which stimulated the economy and employment at a cost of energy efficiency and environmental protection. The current economic recovery plans to deal with COVID-19 pandemic also prioritizes economic development and job creation, while ignoring energy efficiency. Therefore, the post-pandemic carbon emissions will repeat the carbon emissions after the 2008 financial crisis, i.e., there will a retaliatory rebound. To avoid the retaliatory rebound, improving energy efficiency should be included in these economic recovery plan to cope with COVID-19 pandemic.

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River management, both modern and historical, have dramatically modified offshore environments. While numerous studies have described the modern impacts, very few have evaluated the legacies remaining from hundreds of years ago. Herein, we show trace metal enrichment in the surface sediment of the abandoned Yellow River Delta, hypothesized to be associated with ancient river management. Essentially, anthropogenic modification caused the river to shift, creating a 12.4×103 km2 area with elevated trace metals; characterized by clear metal deposition gradients. Geographical factors related to the ancient river mouth had the most significant influences on Zn (explained by distance to the river mouth, DTM) and Cd (DTM and sediment salinity), while the sediment absorptive capacity was associated with the reallocation of Cu (clay, silt, and iron), Ni (clay and iron), and Pb (silt and iron). Trace metal legacies showed stronger influences on prokaryotic diversity than on micro-eukaryotic diversity, with the former best described by changes in rare, rather than dominant families and classes, and explainable by an "overlapping micro-niche" model. The ancient river's legacies provide evidence of longer-term human disturbance over hundreds of years; as its impacts on associated benthic microbiomes have led to lessons for modern-day waterway management of benthic ecosystems.

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For many decades, Americans showed a preference for delaying death through a technological imperative that often created challenges for nurses in caring for dying patients and their families. Because of their vast knowledge of health and healing, and their proximity to patients' bedsides, nurses are often well positioned to advocate for healthcare reform and legislation to improve end-of-life care. This article provides an overview of the social, economic, and political factors that are shaping end-of-life care in the United States. First, historical perspectives on end-of-life care are presented to enhance understanding of why some clinicians and patients seem to resist change to current practices. Second, end of care issues related to advanced technology utilization, societal expectations of care, clinical practices, financial incentives, palliative care services, and policy reforms are discussed. Finally, future recommendations are provided to encourage nurses and other healthcare providers to improve care for individuals facing end-of-life care decisions.

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Clinal variation is one of the most emblematic examples of the action of natural selection at a wide geographical range. In Drosophila subobscura, parallel clines in body size and inversions, but not in wing shape, were found in Europe and South and North America. Previous work has shown that a bottleneck effect might be largely responsible for differences in wing trait-inversion association between one European and one South American population. One question still unaddressed is whether the associations found before are present across other populations of the European and South American clines. Another open question is whether evolutionary dynamics in a new environment can lead to relevant changes in wing traits-inversion association. To analyse geographical variation in these associations, we characterized three recently laboratory founded D. subobscura populations from both the European and South American latitudinal clines. To address temporal variation, we also characterized the association at a later generation in the European populations. We found that wing size and shape associations can be generalized across populations of the same continent, but may change through time for wing size. The observed temporal changes are probably due to changes in the genetic content of inversions, derived from adaptation to the new, laboratory environment. Finally, we show that it is not possible to predict clinal variation from intrapopulation associations. All in all this suggests that, at least in the present, wing traits-inversion associations are not responsible for the maintenance of the latitudinal clines in wing shape and size.

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