RESUMEN
Congenital absence of skin (CAS) is a clinical sign associated with the main types of epidermolysis bullosa (EB). Very few studies have investigated the genetic background that may influence the occurrence of this condition. Our objective was to investigate genotype-phenotype correlations on EB with CAS through a literature revision on the pathogenic variants previously reported. A total of 171 cases (49 EB simplex, EBS; 23 junctional EB, JEB; and 99 dystrophic EB, DEB), associated with 132 pathogenic variants in eight genes, were included in the genotype-phenotype analysis. In EBS, CAS showed to be a recurrent clinical sign in EBS with pyloric atresia (PA) and EBS associated with kelch-like protein 24; CAS was also described in patients with keratins 5/14 alterations, particularly involving severe phenotypes. In JEB, this is a common clinical sign in JEB with PA associated with premature termination codon variants and/or amino acid substitutions located in the extracellular domain of integrin α6ß4 genes. In DEB with CAS, missense variants occurring close to non-collagenous interruptions of the triple-helix domain of collagen VII appear to influence this condition. This study is the largest review of patients with EB and CAS and expands the spectrum of known variants on this phenomenon.
Asunto(s)
Atresia de las Coanas/genética , Displasia Ectodérmica/genética , Epidermólisis Ampollosa Distrófica/genética , Obstrucción de la Salida Gástrica/genética , Píloro/anomalías , Anomalías Cutáneas/genética , Sustitución de Aminoácidos/genética , Atresia de las Coanas/fisiopatología , Displasia Ectodérmica/fisiopatología , Epidermólisis Ampollosa Distrófica/fisiopatología , Obstrucción de la Salida Gástrica/patología , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Genotipo , Humanos , Mutación/genética , Píloro/patología , Piel/patología , Anomalías Cutáneas/patologíaRESUMEN
El síndrome de Bart es un trastorno congénito poco frecuente, caracterizado por la asociación de epidermólisis ampollosa, ausencia congénita localizada de piel y ocasionalmente anormalidades ungueales. En este artículo se reporta el caso de un neonato masculino, remitido al Hospital para el Niño del IMIEM (Instituto Materno-Infantil del Estado de México), para valoración de lesiones ampollosas extensas y ausencia de piel en miembros inferiores, presentes desde el nacimiento quien después del tratamiento, mostró mejoría con una evolución clínica favorable.
Bart syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the association of epidermolysis bullosa, localized congenital absence of skin and occasionally nail abnormalities. In this presentation we report the case of a male neonate referred to the Hospital para el Niño of IMIEM for evaluation of extensive blistering lesions and absence of skin in lower limbs, present from birth and who after treatment showed improvement, with a favorable clinical evolution.
RESUMEN
Introduction: Bart Syndrome is a rare inherited skin blistering disorder. It is also known as congenital transient mechano-bullous dermatosis and is one of the lesser known presentations of epidermolysis bullosa (EB). Case report: The objective of this report is to present a case of Bart Syndrome in a 3 day old newborn female baby. The skin lesions showed denuded areas with bullae rupturing easily to reveal painful eroded areas. Eroded lesions were distributed over the hands, feet, chest and on the face over the cheeks bilaterally. The lips were erythematous, eroded with tissue tags. Eroded, crustated lesions were seen on the labial mucosa and anterior palate. Histopathological examination revealed split localized to the epidermis. The epidermal layer above the spilt appeared to be normal. The basement membrane was intact, along with normal underlying connective tissue. Discussion: Management consisted of decompression of blisters followed by topical antibiotics. Oral corticosteroids were given for control of blistering, since they reduce collagenase activity. Avoidance of trauma is essential aspect of management: baby was nursed with care to prevent occurrence of new lesions. Therapy and counseling sessions were scheduled for the parents.
Introdução: A Síndrome de Bart é uma rara desordem hereditária cutânea bolhosa. Também conhecida comdermatose congênita transiente mecano-bolhosa, é uma das apresentações menos conhecidas de epidermólisebolhosa (EB). Relato de caso: O objetivo deste relato é apresentar um caso de Síndrome de Bart em um neonato(com três dias) do sexo feminino. As lesões de pele caracterizavam-se por áreas desnudas com lesões bolhosas derompimento fácil, revelando áreas erodidas dolorosas. As lesões erodidas estavam distribuídas pelos pés, mãos,peito e face, sobre as regiões malares. Os lábios estavam eritematosos e erodidos. Lesões erodidas e crostosasforam observadas na mucosa labial e no palato anterior. O exame histopatológico revelou fenda localizada naepiderme. A camada epidérmica acima da fenda apresentava normalidade. A membrana basal estava intactae o tecido conjuntivo subjacente normal. Discussão: O tratamento das lesões consistiu na descompressão dasbolhas seguida de uso de antibióticos tópicos. Foram administrados corticosteróides orais, para controle daslesões bolhosas, uma vez que estes reduzem a atividade da colagenase. Evitar o trauma é um aspecto essencialno tratamento desses casos. Assim, o bebê era manejado com cuidado para evitar novas lesões. Foram agendadassessões de terapia e aconselhamento aos pais.