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1.
Acta Vet Hung ; 72(3): 148-154, 2024 Sep 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39190486

RESUMEN

A total of 490 diarrhoeic samples from calves aged between 0 and 6 months were screened for the presence of different G- and P-genotypes of rotavirus circulating in bovines in the Kashmir Valley. Of the 490 diarrhoeic samples, Group A rotavirus was detected in 68 (13.87%) samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by RNA-PAGE. Genotyping analysis revealed G10, G6, G3, P[11] and P[5] to be the predominant types. The most common types of combinations detected were G10P[11] (27.90%) and G6P[11] (20.60%). The prevalence rate of G10 and P[11] decreased from 60% to 36.76% and 100%-69.11%, respectively. Genotypes G6, G3, P[1] and P[5], which were not previously reported, were detected and unusual combinations such as G6P[11], G3P[11], G10P[5], G3P[5], G6P[1], G6P[5], G6+G8P[11] were also observed for the first time. Fluctuations in the predominant types, emergence of new types and possible genetic reassortment events suggest an unstable epidemiological situation and the need for continuous surveillance of the circulating types to ensure the suitability of the vaccination programme. The present data suggests G10, G6, P[11] and P[5] genotypes could be incorporated in the polyvalent vaccine to offer increased protection against bovine rotavirus infection in India.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos , Diarrea , Genotipo , Infecciones por Rotavirus , Rotavirus , Animales , Rotavirus/genética , Rotavirus/clasificación , Bovinos , India/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/veterinaria , Infecciones por Rotavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/virología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/virología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/epidemiología , Diarrea/veterinaria , Diarrea/virología , Diarrea/epidemiología , Animales Recién Nacidos
2.
medRxiv ; 2024 Apr 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38645132

RESUMEN

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is increasingly recognized as a promising biomarker candidate for disease monitoring. However, its utility in neurodegenerative diseases, like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), remains underexplored. Existing biomarker discovery approaches are tailored to a specific disease context or are too expensive to be clinically practical. Here, we address these challenges through a new approach combining advances in molecular and computational technologies. First, we develop statistical tools to select tissue-informative DNA methylation sites relevant to a disease process of interest. We then employ a capture protocol to select these sites and perform targeted methylation sequencing. Multi-modal information about the DNA methylation patterns are then utilized in machine learning algorithms trained to predict disease status and disease progression. We applied our method to two independent cohorts of ALS patients and controls (n=192). Overall, we found that the targeted sites accurately predicted ALS status and replicated between cohorts. Additionally, we identified epigenetic features associated with ALS phenotypes, including disease severity. These findings highlight the potential of cfDNA as a non-invasive biomarker for ALS.

4.
Molecules ; 26(9)2021 Apr 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33922162

RESUMEN

The present study was aimed to evaluate the suitability of agro-wastes and crude vegetable oils for the cost-effective production of poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), to evaluate growth kinetics and PHB production in Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 with these carbon substrates and to study the biodegradation of PHB accumulated by these cultures. Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 accumulates higher amounts of PHB corn (79.90% of dry cell mass) and rice straw (66.22% of dry cell mass) medium respectively. The kinetic model suggests that the Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 follows the Monod model more closely than A. faecalis RZS4. Both the cultures degrade their PHB extract under the influence of PHB depolymerase. Corn waste and rice straw appear as the best and cost-effective substrates for the sustainable production of PHB from Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1. The biopolymer accumulated by these organisms is biodegradable in nature. The agro-wastes and crude vegetable oils are good and low-cost sources of nutrients for the growth and production of PHB and other metabolites. Their use would lower the production cost of PHB and the low-cost production will reduce the sailing price of PHB-based products. This would promote the large-scale commercialization and popularization of PHB as an ecofriendly bioplastic/biopolymer.


Asunto(s)
Agricultura , Alcaligenes/metabolismo , Biopolímeros/biosíntesis , Fermentación , Pseudomonas/metabolismo , Residuos , Biodegradación Ambiental , Biomasa , Biopolímeros/química , Biopolímeros/aislamiento & purificación , Cinética , Plásticos/química , Análisis Espectral
5.
Curr Microbiol ; 78(4): 1298-1304, 2021 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33638672

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to identify the immunodominant outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Fusobacterium necrophorum from sheep affected with severe foot-rot. The OMP profile of ovine strains of F. necrophorum has not been well studied. We analyzed the OMP profile of the most frequent lktA variant JKS-F3 of F. necrophorum associated with severe ovine foot-rot with lesion score 4 in order to identify its major immunodominant OMPs. Electrophoretic separations of extracted OMPs showed a number of spots in two-dimensional electrophoretic gels. Two immunoreactive proteins of size around 43 kDa were identified through western blotting using hyperimmune sera raised in rabbits. These two immunogenic OMPs were analyzed by Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF/MS) which revealed that these two OMPs of lktA variant JKS-F3 of F. necrophorum showed 46 and 42 percent protein sequence coverage and scores of 125 and 114, respectively, with the reported 43 kDa outer membrane protein of F. necrophorum strain H05, a putative porin having properties similar to pore-forming proteins of anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria. These identified immunogenic OMPs will contribute to our understanding of the pathogenic role played by this organism in ovine foot-rot and could be exploited to devise an effective control strategy through development of an OMP-based recombinant vaccine to mitigate foot-rot in sheep and goats.


Asunto(s)
Panadizo Interdigital , Fusobacterium necrophorum , Animales , Proteínas de la Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Cabras , Proteínas de la Membrana , Conejos , Ovinos , Espectrometría de Masa por Láser de Matriz Asistida de Ionización Desorción
6.
Gastrointest. endosc ; 93(2): 309-322, Feb. 1, 2021. ilus
Artículo en Inglés | BIGG - guías GRADE | ID: biblio-1146652

RESUMEN

This American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for the endoscopic management of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). We applied the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology to address key clinical questions. These include the comparison of (1) surgical gastrojejunostomy to the placement of self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) for malignant GOO, (2) covered versus uncovered SEMS for malignant GOO, and (3) endoscopic and surgical interventions for the management of benign GOO. Recommendations provided in this document were founded on the certainty of the evidence, balance of benefits and harms, considerations of patient and caregiver preferences, resource utilization, and cost-effectiveness.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Stents , Endoscopía Gastrointestinal/métodos , Obstrucción de la Salida Gástrica/cirugía , Obstrucción de la Salida Gástrica/etiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia
7.
Lett Appl Microbiol ; 71(6): 627-636, 2020 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32867004

RESUMEN

Bovine genital campylobacteriosis caused by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv) is of considerable economic importance to the cattle industry worldwide. Cfv causes syndrome of temporary infertility in female cattle, early embryonic mortality, aberrant oestrus cycles, delayed conception, abortions and poor calving rates. In the present study, a total of 200 samples obtained from vaginal swabs, cervicovaginal mucous (CVM), preputial washes and semen straws were investigated that were obtained from organized cattle farm of MLRI, Manasbal and unorganized sectors. Out of a total of 200 samples, 49 (47·57%) vaginal swabs, 1 (3·33%) preputial wash and 8 (25%) carried out CVM samples were positive for Cfv, whereas none of the semen straws were positive for Cfv. A total of eleven isolates of Cfv were recovered. PFGE (Pulse field gel electrophoresis) analysis revealed four different pulsotypes (I-IV) circulating in the screened farms. A common pulsotype circulating among farms could not be established. Insertion element (ISCfe1), a 233 bp amplicon of Cfv, was sequenced and the sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession no: MK475662).


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Campylobacter/veterinaria , Campylobacter fetus/efectos de los fármacos , Campylobacter/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/microbiología , Animales , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Campylobacter/clasificación , Campylobacter/genética , Campylobacter/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Campylobacter/microbiología , Campylobacter fetus/clasificación , Campylobacter fetus/genética , Campylobacter fetus/aislamiento & purificación , Bovinos , Elementos Transponibles de ADN , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Granjas , Femenino , Genotipo , India , Masculino
8.
PLoS One ; 15(1): e0220095, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31910206

RESUMEN

There are numerous reports on poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) depolymerases produced by various microorganisms isolated from various habitats, however, reports on PHB depolymerase production by an isolate from plastic rich sites scares. Although PHB has attracted commercial significance, the inefficient production and recovery methods, inefficient purification of PHB depolymerase and lack of ample knowledge on PHB degradation by PHB depolymerase have hampered its large scale commercialization. Therefore, to ensure the biodegradability of biopolymers, it becomes imperative to study the purification of the biodegrading enzyme system. We report the production, purification, and characterization of extracellular PHB depolymerase from Stenotrophomonas sp. RZS7 isolated from a dumping yard rich in plastic waste. The isolate produced extracellular PHB depolymerase in the mineral salt medium (MSM) at 30°C during 4 days of incubation under shaking. The enzyme was purified by three methods namely ammonium salt precipitation, column chromatography, and solvent purification. Among these purification methods, the enzyme was best purified by column chromatography on the Octyl-Sepharose CL-4B column giving optimum yield (0.7993 Umg-1mL-1). The molecular weight of purified PHB depolymerase was 40 kDa. Studies on the assessment of biodegradation of PHB in liquid culture medium and under natural soil conditions confirmed PHB biodegradation potential of Stenotrophomonas sp. RZS7. The results obtained in Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) study and Gas Chromatography Mass-Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis confirmed the biodegradation of PHB in liquid medium by Stenotrophomonas sp. RZS7. Changes in surface morphology of PHB film in soil burial as observed in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis confirmed the biodegradation of PHB under natural soil environment. The isolate was capable of degrading PHB and it resulted in 87.74% biodegradation. A higher rate of degradation under the natural soil condition is the result of the activity of soil microbes that complemented the biodegradation of PHB by Stenotrophomonas sp. RZS7.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Hidrolasas de Éster Carboxílico/química , Hidroxibutiratos/química , Plásticos/química , Poliésteres/química , Contaminantes del Suelo/química , Stenotrophomonas/enzimología , Proteínas Bacterianas/biosíntesis , Proteínas Bacterianas/aislamiento & purificación , Biodegradación Ambiental , Hidrolasas de Éster Carboxílico/biosíntesis , Hidrolasas de Éster Carboxílico/aislamiento & purificación , Cromatografía de Afinidad , Medios de Cultivo/química , Humanos , Hidrólisis , Peso Molecular , Prohibitinas , Suelo/química , Residuos Sólidos , Stenotrophomonas/química
9.
PLoS One ; 14(6): e0212324, 2019.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31211775

RESUMEN

Poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) depolymerase is known to decompose PHB, biodegradable polymers and therefore has great commercial significance in the bioplastic sector. However, reports on PHB depolymerases from isolates obtained from plastic-contaminated sites that reflect the potential of the source organism is scarce. In this study, we evaluated the production of extracellular PHB depolymerase from Microbacterium paraoxydans RZS6 isolated from the plastic-contaminated site in the municipal area of Shahada, Maharashtra, India, for the first time. The isolate was identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, gas chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters (GC-FAME), and BIOLOG method. Ithydrolyzed PHB on minimal salt medium (MSM) containing PHB as the only source of carbon. The isolate produced PHB depolymerase at 45°C during 48 h of incubation. The enzyme was purified most efficiently using octyl-sepharose CL-4B column, with the highest purification yield of 6.675 Umg-1mL-1. The activity of the enzyme was enhanced in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions but inhibited by Fe2+ (1 mM) ions and mercaptoethanol (1000 rpm). the nzyme kinetic analysis revealed that the enzyme was a metalloenzyme; requiring Mg2+ ions, that showed optimum enzyme activity at 30°C (mesophilic) and under neutrophilic (pH 7) conditions. Scale-up from the shake-flask level to a laboratory-scale bioreactor further enhanced the enzyme yield by 0.809 UmL-1. The molecular weight of the enzyme (40 kDa), as estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, closely resembled the PHB depolymerase of Aureobacterium saperdae. Our findings highlighted the applicability of M. paraoxydans as a producer of extracellular PHB depolymerase having potential of degrading PHB under diverse conditions.


Asunto(s)
Actinobacteria/enzimología , Biodegradación Ambiental , Hidrolasas de Éster Carboxílico/metabolismo , Actinobacteria/aislamiento & purificación , Hidrolasas de Éster Carboxílico/aislamiento & purificación , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Hidroxibutiratos/metabolismo , India , Cinética , Magnesio/química , Microbacterium , Peso Molecular , Poliésteres/metabolismo , Temperatura
10.
J Appl Microbiol ; 127(3): 921-931, 2019 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31211898

RESUMEN

AIMS: This investigation was undertaken to study the prevalence, enterotoxin gene profile and molecular epidemiology of Aeromonads from various sources of water (182) and fish (173). METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 116 Aeromonas sp. were isolated, of which 48 (26·37%) were from water and 68 (34·62%) were from fish samples collected from retail markets and fish farms. The Aeromonads were recovered from all types of water sources viz. drinking water (13%), surface waters (26%) and fish ponds (69%). The most prevalent species recovered from drinking water was A. hydrophila, from fish ponds it was A. caviae, from surface water sources A. hydrophila and A. caviae were recovered more frequently, and A. hydrophila and A. veronii bv. sobria were isolated predominantly from gills of fish samples. On multiplex PCR analysis for the detection of enterotoxin genes (act, alt, ast), the above mentioned Aeromonas species frequently contained enterotoxin genes, irrespective of their sources. From isolates across all the sources, act (63%) and alt (57%) genes were encountered more frequently than ast (6%). The enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences polymerase chain reaction was used for typing of isolates and most of the isolates from water and fish were related, owing to similar ecosystem. CONCLUSION: A wide distribution of enterotoxin genes in Aeromonads from water and fish is a potential public health threat and molecular genotyping can be helpful to study epidemiology of the pathogen. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: A high proportion of isolates recovered from diverse water sources, particularly potable drinking water and fish samples carried one or more enterotoxin genes thereby indicating a potential pathogenic nature of isolates from these sources. The genetic relatedness was detected amongst many isolates recovered from water sources and fish samples indicating circulation of familiar virulent clones in the aquatic environments.


Asunto(s)
Aeromonas/genética , Enterotoxinas/genética , Peces/microbiología , Aeromonas/metabolismo , Animales , Enterotoxinas/biosíntesis , Explotaciones Pesqueras , Peces/genética , Epidemiología Molecular , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa Multiplex
11.
Dis Esophagus ; 32(1)2019 Jan 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30169612

RESUMEN

Limited data exist regarding patient-reported outcomes and quality of life (QOL) experienced by patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) referred for endoscopic eradication therapy (EET). Specifically, the impact of grade of dysplasia has not been explored. The purpose of this study is to measure patient-reported symptoms and QOL and identify factors associated with poor QOL in BE patients referred for EET. This was a prospective multicenter study conducted from January 2015 to October 2017, which included patients with BE referred for EET. Participants completed a set of validated questionnaires to measure QOL, symptom severity, and psychosocial factors. The primary outcome was poor QOL defined by a PROMIS score >12. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with poor QOL. In total, 193 patients participated (mean age 64.6 years, BE length 5.5 cm, 82% males, 92% Caucasians) with poor QOL reported in 104 (53.9%) participants. On univariate analysis, patients with poor QOL had lower use of twice daily proton pump inhibitor use (61.5% vs. 86.5%, P = 0.03), shorter disease duration (4.9 vs. 5.9 years, P = 0.04) and progressive increase in grade of dysplasia (high-grade dysplasia: 68.8% vs. 31.3%, esophageal adenocarcinoma: 75.5% vs. 24.5%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high-grade dysplasia was independently associated with poor QOL (OR: 5.57, 95% CI: 1.05, 29.5, P = 0.04). In summary, poor QOL is experienced by the majority of patients with BE referred for EET and the degree of dysplasia was independently associated with poor QOL, which emphasizes the need to incorporate patient-centered outcomes when studying treatment of BE-related dysplasia.


Asunto(s)
Esófago de Barrett/patología , Esófago de Barrett/psicología , Esófago/patología , Calidad de Vida , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Anciano , Esofagoscopía/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Medición de Resultados Informados por el Paciente , Estudios Prospectivos , Derivación y Consulta
12.
Vet Res Commun ; 42(4): 289-295, 2018 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30219981

RESUMEN

Bovine mastitis causes severe economic losses to dairy farmers. Staphylococcus aureus, is one of the most important pathogen implicated in etiology of clinical and subclinical mastitis in bovines. In view of increasing antimicrobial resistance alternatives to antibiotic therapy are much needed. The present decade has witnessed a renewed interest in phage based therapeutics and diagnostics. The present study, describes isolation and characterization of two lytic phages SAJK-IND and MSP against Staphylococcus aureus having a potential to be used in therapy against mastitis. SAJK-IND and MSP phages belonged to Myoviridae and Podoviridae families, respectively. TEM imaging of the two phages revealed an iscosahedral head. MSP phage has a short non contractile tail. SAJK-IND and MSP have a burst size of 44 ± 3 and 25 ± 5 PFU/ infected cell, respectively. SAJK-IND and MSP phages revealed Ì´ 12 and Ì´16 proteins, respectively on SDS-PAGE analysis. The lytic activity of the phages was specific for Staphylococcus aureus. SAJK-IND revealed 100% lytic activity against several strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitis milk samples whereas, MSP had only 40% lytic activity. SAJK-IND phage genome was sequenced, assembled and deposited in Genbank under accession no MG010123.


Asunto(s)
Bacteriófagos , Mastitis Bovina/terapia , Terapia de Fagos/veterinaria , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/veterinaria , Animales , Bacteriófagos/genética , Bacteriófagos/aislamiento & purificación , Bovinos , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida/veterinaria , Femenino , Genoma Viral/genética , India , Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión/veterinaria , Myoviridae/genética , Myoviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Terapia de Fagos/métodos , Podoviridae/genética , Podoviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Proteoma/genética , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/terapia , Proteínas Virales/genética , Proteínas Virales/aislamiento & purificación , Secuenciación Completa del Genoma/veterinaria
13.
Anaerobe ; 51: 36-41, 2018 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29596988

RESUMEN

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and identification of leukotoxin gene, lktA, variant strains of Fusobacterium necrophorum in the footrot lesions of sheep. The detection of F. necrophorum was carried out by PCR targeting the lktA gene fragment and identification of lktA variant strains was done by PCR-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and gene sequencing. Of the 450 swabs collected from footrot lesions of sheep, 117 were lktA-positive for F. necrophorum. Of the 50 swabs collected from apparently asymptomatic sheep, only one was lktA-positive for F. necrophorum. The overall prevalence of F. necrophorum in footrot affected sheep in Kashmir valley was 26%, and ranged from 20 to 34.8%, respectively. PCR-SSCP of lktA gene fragment analysis revealed three lktA variants, designated as JKS-F1/F2/F3, while two samples (1.7%) showed multiple lktA variant strains of F. necrophorum in a single footrot-affected sheep hoof. This appears to be the first report on the presence of more than one lktA variant of F. necrophorum in a footrot lesion of sheep. The JKS-F3 lktA variant was the most frequent (75.4%), followed by JKS-F2 (14.4%) and JKS-F1 (8.4%), respectively. Among the three lktA variants identified, JKS-F3 was detected in 74 (86.0%) samples from severe footrot affected sheep with a lesion score of 4. The data suggest that JKS-F3 is the predominant lktA variant of F. necrophorum and is associated with severe footrot in sheep. Hence, JKS-F3 may be a significant variant contributing to the severity and duration of the disease in sheep.


Asunto(s)
Portador Sano/veterinaria , Exotoxinas/genética , Infecciones por Fusobacterium/veterinaria , Fusobacterium necrophorum/genética , Polimorfismo Conformacional Retorcido-Simple , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/microbiología , Animales , Portador Sano/microbiología , Infecciones por Fusobacterium/microbiología , Fusobacterium necrophorum/aislamiento & purificación , India , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Prevalencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Ovinos
14.
Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol ; 28(2): 277-282, 2018 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28988382

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Hip fractures in the elderly are usually associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality and affect quality of life. On review of published data, the current guidelines in the literature indicate that early surgery should be performed within 24 h of injury because it is associated with better functional outcomes and lower rates of perioperative complications and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether any correlation exists between early surgical intervention and functional outcomes. METHODS: In a retrospective study, we analyzed the records between January 2010 and December 2016 and 550 elderly patients between the age group of 65-95 were included. RESULTS: The results of early surgery were promising, 451 (82%) patients did not have any complication, 42 (7.6%) has developed bed sore, 23 (4%) developed a hospital-acquired infection, 13 (2.3%) developed wound infection, 08 (1.4%) developed DVT, 04 (0.7%) developed implant failure, and 09 (01%) died of some or other complications. CONCLUSION: Still, there is conflicting evidence in the published data that early surgery would improve mortality and function. However, early surgery definitively improves outcome and reduces morbidity, bed sores, infection, and the length of hospital stay could be improved by reducing the waiting time of hip surgery following fracture. We concluded that it is beneficial to the elderly patients to receive surgical treatment as early as possible.


Asunto(s)
Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera , Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Fracturas de Cadera/fisiopatología , Fracturas de Cadera/cirugía , Tiempo de Tratamiento , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Artroplastia de Reemplazo de Cadera/efectos adversos , Infección Hospitalaria/etiología , Femenino , Fijación Interna de Fracturas/efectos adversos , Prótesis de Cadera/efectos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Dolor Postoperatorio/etiología , Úlcera por Presión/etiología , Falla de Prótesis/efectos adversos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/etiología , Factores de Tiempo , Trombosis de la Vena/etiología
15.
J Biotechnol ; 259: 135-139, 2017 Oct 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28764970

RESUMEN

The global occurrence of prostate cancer with a range of patient outcome has prompted various investigators to explore novel molecular biomarkers that can precisely detect and track this type of cancer severity. Several studies suggest that micro-RNAs have emerged to act as a new largely unexplored class of biomarkers because of their inherent stability, resilience and recruitment into exosomes present in various human body fluids. With this study, we aim to reveal the nature of urinary-exosomal miR-2909 & miR-615-3p recruitment in patients suffering from either prostate cancer (n=90) or bladder cancer (n=60) as compared to that in either prostate disease-control subjects having benign prostate hyperplasia (n=10) or healthy subjects (n=50). Unlike miR-615-3p, the urinary- exosomal miR-2909 recruitment was not only observed conspicuously in subjects having prostate cancer in comparison to bladder cancer but also the extent of urinary exosomal miR-2909 recruitment showed characteristic variation as a function of prostate cancer aggressiveness as compared to that of either urinary- exosomal miR-615-3p level or existing widely recognised serum prostate specifics antigen (PSA) biomarker of this cancer. In summary, we propose that the extent of urinary exosomal miR-2909 recruitment may provide a potential non-invasive candidate diagnostic marker for the detection of prostate cancer and its aggressiveness.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/orina , Exosomas/metabolismo , MicroARNs/orina , Neoplasias de la Próstata/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Masculino , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Antígeno Prostático Específico/sangre , Neoplasias Urológicas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Urológicas/orina
16.
Carbohydr Polym ; 168: 227-239, 2017 Jul 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28457445

RESUMEN

Pectin is a structural heteropolysaccharide found ubiquitously in terrestrial plants. It finds diverse food applications such as that of a gelling agent, stabilizer, and fat replacer. In the pharmaceutical arena, pectin exhibits a number of functions, from decreasing blood fat to combating various types of cancers. This review shows the shift of pectin from its conventional roles to its progressive applications. Insights into the advances in the production of pectin, the role it plays as a nutraceutical, possible prebiotic potential and a delivery vehicle for probiotics, and food applications are highlighted. Bioactive and functional properties of pectin are discussed and how the structural built up defines them, is emphasized. As a biopolymer, the applications of pectin in active packaging are also mentioned.

17.
J Food Sci Technol ; 53(10): 3715-3724, 2016 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28017986

RESUMEN

Carrot pomace powder (CPP) of 72 and 120 mesh sizes was incorporated in wheat flour at 10, 15 and 20 % level and its impact on flour, dough and cookie characteristics was evaluated. Protein content of the flour blends (8.84-7.88 %) decreased and fibre content (4.63-6.68 %) increased upon blending of CPP in wheat flour. Wheat flour containing 120 mesh CPP showed better functional properties [water absorption (1.16-1.47 %), oil absorption (1.11-1.39 %), solubility index (41-50 %) and swelling power (1.34-1.39)] than those containing 72 mesh. Water solvent retention capacity and sucrose solvent retention capacity increased while lactic acid solvent retention capacity and sodium carbonate solvent retention capacity decreased with blending of CPP. Water absorption, dough development time and degree of softening increased whereas, dough stability and mixing tolerance decreased with increasing CPP. The highest decrease in pasting was observed flour containing 72 mesh CPP. Rheology of dough containing 120 mesh CPP closely resembled the control. Color of flour and cookies increased with blending of CPP irrespective of mesh size. Antioxidant activity of cookies was higher than the flour blends. The cookies containing CPP of 72 mesh showed the lowest hardness. However, cookies containing CPP of 120 mesh showed the best sensory properties. Incorporation of 120 mesh CPP produced low gluten cookies with manageable flour and dough characteristics and better antioxidant and sensory properties.

18.
J Food Sci Technol ; 53(6): 2752-9, 2016 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27478231

RESUMEN

The cherry was treated with ultrasonic waves (33 kHz, 60 W) at different time intervals (10, 20, 30, 40, 60 min) and study was carried out to analyze the change in physico-chemical properties (TSS, pH, color, acidity and firmness), antioxidant potential and microbial load of the fruit during the storage period of 15 days at 4 °C. It was observed that ultrasound treatment (US) between 30 and 40 min showed better retention of color of the fruit during the storage period. The antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS and TPC) also increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) up to 40 min, however the firmness of the fruit was affected and it showed a significant decrease beyond 20 min of US treatment. The sample with 40 min US treatment showed significantly less microbial load than other samples. The 20-40 min US treatment time (33 kHz, 60 W) was suggested for preservation of cherry during the storage at 4 °C.

19.
J Food Sci Technol ; 53(6): 2876-86, 2016 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27478244

RESUMEN

The physicochemical, oxidative, texture and microstructure properties were evaluated for low fat meat emulsions containing varying levels of guar/xanthan gum mixture (1:1 ratio) as a fat substitute. Partial replacement of fat with guar/xanthan gum resulted in higher emulsion stability and cooking yield but lower penetration force. Proximate composition revealed that high fat control had significantly higher fat and lower moisture content due to the difference in basic formulation. Colour evaluation revealed that low fat formulations containing gum mixture had significantly lower lightness and higher yellowness values than high fat control formulation. However non-significant difference was observed in redness values between low fat formulations and the high fat control. The pH values of the low fat formulations containing gum mixture were lower than the control formulations (T0 and TC). The MetMb% of the high fat emulsion formulation was higher than low fat formulations. The significant increase of TBARS value, protein carbonyl groups and loss of protein sulphydryl groups in high fat formulation reflect the more oxidative degradation of lipids and muscle proteins during the preparation of meat emulsion than low fat formulations. The SEM showed a porous matrix in the treatments containing gum mixture. Thus, the guar/xanthan gum mixture improved the physicochemical and oxidative quality of low fat meat emulsions than the control formulations.

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