RESUMEN
In folk medicine the ivies (Hedera L. Fam.Araliaceae) are known as plants possessing diverse curative properties. A comparative phytochemical study of the biologically active water extracts of H. colchica and H. helix and evaluation of their ulcer preventive efficacy in ethanol-induced ulcer model in rats was carried out. Water extracts of H. colchica and H. helix (300 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly (p<0.01) decrease the ulcer index (0.50 and 1.38 vs 3.17 in control) and rise macroscopic curative ratio (84.2% and 56.6%, respectively). The results clearly indicate that pretreatment with water extract of H. colchica is preferable and further experiments are required to isolate the active principals responsible for itsantiulcerogenic activity.
Asunto(s)
Hedera/química , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamiento farmacológico , Animales , Etanol/toxicidad , Humanos , Masculino , Extractos Vegetales/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , Ratas , Úlcera Gástrica/inducido químicamente , Úlcera Gástrica/patología , Agua/químicaRESUMEN
The aim of the study was to establish the role of pro-apoptotic P-53 factor in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic hepatosteatosis in postmenopausal women. Study was performed on menopausal women (12 month amenorea) with sings of metabolic syndrome and high level of ALT in blood (2 fold higher as maximal normal level). Verification of steatosis diagnosis was made on the basis of ultrasonography and histological study of bioptats obtained by method of percutal biopsy. The study of anamnesis, lipid profile, the concentration of ALT level in blood, histological analysis of bioptats and immunohistological study of P-53 were conducted. The control group consisted of postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome, with normal level of ALT in blood. Histological analysis of liver bioptats revealed a micro-and macro-droplet steatosis of hepatocytes. Inflammation and fibrosis were present in all patients liver. Small necrotic focuses of hepatocytes without necrosis and single lymphocyte clusters were noted in samples of patients with high level of ALT. As a result imunohystochemical studies enhanced expression of the proapoptotic protein P-53 was found in that patients with hepatosteatosis; any dependence was not revealed between the intensity of protein P-53 expression and the degree of steatohepatitis (ALT content). It is concluded that the enhanced protein expression of P-53 which indicates on the intensification of apoptosis in hepatocytes can be induced by activation of inflammatory stimuli and oxidative stress. Considering the fact that it was not found correlation between the intensity of the protein P-53 expression and severity of disease, we can assume that its participation is just one element of multiple factors involved in pathogenesis of steatohepatosis. The timely correction of lipid metabolism and redox balance in the body is usfull for the prevention of hepatosteatosis.
Asunto(s)
Hígado Graso/sangre , Síndrome Metabólico/metabolismo , Estrés Oxidativo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/sangre , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Apoptosis/genética , Hígado Graso/complicaciones , Hígado Graso/patología , Femenino , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Hepatocitos/patología , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólico/complicaciones , Síndrome Metabólico/patología , PosmenopausiaRESUMEN
In view of the reversibility of steatosis and steatohepatitis, their early diagnosis is one of the most significant problems of modern medicine. The aim of the study was the establishment futures of the pathogenesis of NAFLD in postmenopausal women. The study was conducted on postmenopausal women (n=5), with metabolic syndrome and rate of ALT in the blood at least 4 times greater than its normal maximal value. Patients had to fulfill the following inclusion criteria: at least 12 month of amenorrhea. Verification of the diagnosis of NAFLD was based on abdominal ultrosonografic examination. In addition to collecting history, study of blood lipid profile and ALT, AST, estrogen content in patients enrolled in the study free nitric oxide content in the blood and liver bioptants was determined by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) method. The study protocol approved by the Ethics Committee of the Tbilisi State Medical University. Patients by written form confirmed their agreement to participate in the study. In patients with NAFLD levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were generally increased in the blood serum, direct correlation revealed between level of NO EPR signal intensity in liver bioptat and triglycerides content in blood (r=0,96; p=0,009). It was concluded that estrogen-dependent factors, such as impaired lipid metabolism and increase expression of iNOS induce accumulation of triglycerides and free fatty acids in the liver, generation excess amounts of NO, which in oxidative stress reveal their cytotoxity and promote progression of NAFLD in postmenopausal women.
Asunto(s)
Hígado Graso , Síndrome Metabólico , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Aspartato Aminotransferasas/sangre , Hígado Graso/sangre , Hígado Graso/complicaciones , Hígado Graso/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Lípidos/sangre , Hígado/metabolismo , Síndrome Metabólico/sangre , Síndrome Metabólico/complicaciones , Síndrome Metabólico/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa/sangre , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa/metabolismo , Enfermedad del Hígado Graso no Alcohólico , Estrés Oxidativo , Posmenopausia , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
A chemical investigation of plant Rhododendron ungernii revealed that its leaves are rich in phenolic compounds: flavonoids, catechins and leucoanthocyanidins. An ointment for external application containing 5% of crude phenolic compounds from R.ungernii leaves named Rodopes, was developed at the I. Kutatateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry and approved for treatment of various forms of herpetic disease. Wound healing potential of Rodopes was investigated in an excision wound model in mice. Faster wound closure of excision wounds in Rodopes-treated animals in comparison with untreated controls due to the increased wound contracting ability, wound closure time, and regeneration of tissues at wound site was observed. Treatment with Rodopes in an animal model of wound healing caused the increased infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils, and fibroblasts in the wound bed compared to untreated wounds. Moreover, Rodopes exhibited the ability to accelerate scab rejection and full reepithelization in test wounds with no signs of bacterial contamination and to form smooth soft scars disappearing in just 1-2 days. We suggest that Rodopes ointment can find application in the treatment of wounds which require quick coverage of skin epithelial layers.
Asunto(s)
Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Rhododendron/química , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Masculino , Ratones , Pomadas/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
The aim of our study was to determine the influence of estrogen on the intensity of oxidative metabolism in women of reproductive and menopausal age. Two groups of women - less than 45 years old (reproductive age) and more than 45 years old (menopausal age) were investigated. In each group we investigated the estradiole, fibrinogen, ALT, oxygen (O(2)(-)) and lipid (LOO·) reactive spesies, NO content, antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, GR) activity. It was reviealed nondirect corelation between development of inflammation, hypoxia and estrogen content in the blood of women without genetic predisponce to alterations of lipid metabolism. Subsequently in reproductive age they are developed usually against hypoestrogenomia; however the physiological reduction in estrogen levels during menopause by itself contributes to impairment of metabolism and intensification of inflammation (inflammatory markers CPR, ALT), oxidative stress (O(2)(-), LOO·), hipoxia (HBNO) and all related compititions (increase vascular resistence, disorders in oxygen suplay in tissue and hypoxic compititions of there metabolism). All this may cause, postmenopausal hypertension, hart ischemis disease, impaired hepatic beta-oxidation of fatty acids and hepathosteatosis. In women with genetic predisponce to dislipidemia the estrogen-related factors are less important in pathogenesis of age-related diseases.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Dislipidemias/sangre , Estrógenos/sangre , Menopausia , Adulto , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Catalasa/sangre , Dislipidemias/patología , Femenino , Glutatión Reductasa/sangre , Humanos , Peroxidación de Lípido , Persona de Mediana Edad , Óxido Nítrico/sangre , Oxidación-Reducción , Estrés Oxidativo , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/sangre , Superóxido Dismutasa/sangre , Superóxido Dismutasa-1RESUMEN
The aim of present investigation was the determination of specific pharmacological (wound healing) properties and the evaluation of possible irritative, allergenic and toxic effects of GF-6 - novel protective agent for skin mechanical and burn wounds. In mouse excisional wound model GF-6 (topically 0.1 ml per wound) exhibited the ability to accelerate scab rejection and full reepithelization in test wounds with no signs of bacterial contamination. GF-6 caused no irritation responses such as erythema, oedema, dotted hemorrhage, hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia, alopecia and scaling in 14-day acute dermal irritation test. As well no signs of skin hypersensitivity (itch, erythema, oedema), and histological alteration (ulceration, dotted hemorrhage, changed capillary lumen, damaged hair follicle) were observed in skin application test at all time points during the 14-day observation period, evidencing that GF-6 is non-allergenic. In subchronic dermal toxicity 90-day study of five-fold concentrated GF-6 no statistically significant changes in respiratory, circulatory, autonomic and central nervous system, somatomotor activity and behavior patterns were detected. The results of hematological study testified to no influence of the GF-6 90-day application on blood formed elements. Thus, GF-6 should be considered non-toxic, non-irritant, non-allergenic wound healing and wound protecting agent.
Asunto(s)
Adhesivos/administración & dosificación , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Fármacos Dermatológicos/administración & dosificación , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Heridas y Lesiones/tratamiento farmacológico , Adhesivos/efectos adversos , Animales , Antibacterianos/efectos adversos , Infecciones Bacterianas/prevención & control , Fármacos Dermatológicos/efectos adversos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Hematopoyesis/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Heridas y Lesiones/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Serum concentrations of the cardiac troponins (cTn) T and I, specific markers of myocardial injury, are frequently elevated in haemodialysis patients. The clinical relevance of this is unclear. The purpose of this research was to investigate possible factors associated with increased serum levels of cardiac troponins (cTn) T and I, specific markers of myocardial injury, in chronic haemodialysis patients. Cross-sectional research was conducted and 150 chronic haemodialysis patients without acute coronary symptoms were investigated (mean age of patients 60+/-15 years). Clinical and echocardiographic data, biochemical status, and haemodialysis regimen were evaluated for each patient. Pre-dialysis serum cTnT, cTnI, and CK-MB concentrations were determined. Logistic regression was the principal method of analysis. Pre-dialysis levels of cTnT >0.1 ng/ml (n=28, 19.6% of patients) were associated with age (P<0.001), diabetes (P<0.005), history of ischemic heart disease (P<0.05), and left ventricular hypertrophy (P<0.05). In multivariate analysis, age odds ratio (OR 1.04), diabetes (OR 4.9), and indexed left ventricular mass (OR 1.01) were found to be independently associated with cTnT concentration above the threshold. Elevated baseline serum levels of cardiac troponins were associated with cardiovascular risk factors, history of ischemic heart disease and left ventricular hypertrophy in asymptomatic chronic haemodialysis patients.
Asunto(s)
Hipertrofia Ventricular Izquierda/sangre , Isquemia Miocárdica/sangre , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Troponina I/sangre , Troponina T/sangre , Anciano , Biomarcadores/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Isquemia Miocárdica/etiología , Miocardio/metabolismoRESUMEN
Increasing of number of various therapeutic agents or medications on the world market require the development of rapid and comparatively cheap methodology for screening of these preparations, elucidation their efficacy and mechanisms of action. In article was investigated the methodology based on modeling of human lymphoblastoid T-cell line Jurkat for the modeling and correction of cell homeostasis disregulation, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, T-lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation conditions, T-cell activity dependence on the alterations of oxidative metabolism, T cell antigen and effector specificity. This methodology gives rapid and comparatively cheap possibility to provide screening of various medical agents, assessment of their immunomodulatory, pro-and antiapoptogenic efficacy and studying mechanism of action of potentially cardioprotective, antyatherogenic medications increasing efficacy of traditional treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/patología , Quimioterapia , Células Jurkat/efectos de los fármacos , Células Jurkat/patología , Humanos , Linfocitos T/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
We designed this study to compare serum markers of myocardial injury creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), as well, as serum contractile proteins, especially cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in dialysis patients without acute ischemic heart disease. 24 patients on chronic hemodialysis were studied by history and physical examination, electrocardiography, and two-dimensional echocardiography. These patients had no evidence of ischemic heart disease. Biochemical markers were measured in serial predialysis blood samples with specific monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays. For several patients at least one sample measured above the upper reference limit: CK-MB, 7 of 24 (30%); ELISA cTnT, 17 of 24 (71%); Enzymun cTnT, 3 of 18 (17%); and cTnI, 1 of 24 (4%). Chronic dialysis patients without acute ischemic heart disease frequently had increased serum CK-MB and cTnT. Our finding are in agreement with the conclusions that cTnT and CK-MB detected in the serum of patients on chronic hemodialysis originates from the skeletal muscle and not from the heart.
Asunto(s)
Forma MB de la Creatina-Quinasa/metabolismo , Miocardio/metabolismo , Diálisis Renal/estadística & datos numéricos , Rabdomiólisis/epidemiología , Rabdomiólisis/metabolismo , Troponina I/metabolismo , Troponina T/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores , Femenino , Humanos , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Similar distortion of hypertensive response to epinephrine occurred in sarcoma-45-bearing rats, Walker carcinosarcoma-bearing rats, and hepatectomized rats. The response in the last-named was distorted on the 3rd postoperative day. The hypertensive response to epinephrine was restored after the regenerative processes in the liver were completed (7th-10th postoperative day). Distortion of the response in carcinosarcoma-bearing rats was detected beginning from the 4th day after transplantation in some of the animals and on the 14th day in the others; in all sarcoma 45-bearing rats distortion occurred by the 20th day. The pressor response was distorted usually under conditions of pharmacological block of the alpha-adrenergic receptors. It is assumed that in extensive proliferation of normal and neoplastic cells, substances exerting a selective blocking effect on the alpha-adrenoceptors of the blood vessels penetrate into circulation.
Asunto(s)
Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Carcinoma 256 de Walker/fisiopatología , Epinefrina/farmacología , Hígado/fisiología , Sarcoma Experimental/fisiopatología , Animales , Femenino , Hepatectomía , Masculino , RatasRESUMEN
The intense antifibrillatory and antiarrhythmic actions of GS 015, a derivative of the novel structure series of the 5-(beta-aminoacyl)-3-carbalkoxyamino-iminodibenzyles, are demonstrated on models of myocardial ischaemia: antifibrillatory action on the acute coronary occlusion in the conscious rat (1.0 mg/kg i.v.) and antiarrhythmic action on the two-step coronary ligature in the conscious dog according to Harris (2.0 mg/kg i.v. and 5.0 mg/kg orally). On the strength of the present results it is discussed that GS 015 is first of all suitable for influencing "early arrhythmias" with re-entry mechanism and only in the second line for taking an influence on "late arrhythmias" which arise from the occurrence of ectopic focuses. The substance seems suitable for preventing terminal arrhythmias in patients with ischaemic heart disease as well as for treating arrhythmias in the acute stage of myocardial infarction.
Asunto(s)
Antiarrítmicos/farmacología , Arritmias Cardíacas/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad Coronaria/complicaciones , Dibenzazepinas/farmacología , Animales , Arritmias Cardíacas/etiología , Circulación Coronaria/efectos de los fármacos , Perros , Masculino , Ratas , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The antiarrhythmic action of GS 015 was studied proportionally to its plasma concentrations ascertained in parallel, using the model of the electrofibrillation of the cat's heart. Blood levels of about 1.3 micrograms/ml after i.v. injection of 2 mg/kg caused a marked short-term increase of the fibrillation threshold which then remained at the increased level for a longer period yet, observing GS 015 concentrations between 0.8 and 0.5 micrograms/ml. Individual differences existed in the height of the blood level as well as in its proportion to the effect.
Asunto(s)
Antiarrítmicos/metabolismo , Dibenzazepinas/metabolismo , Animales , Antiarrítmicos/farmacología , Gatos , Dibenzazepinas/farmacología , Femenino , Cinética , Masculino , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
The antiarrhythmic action of GS 015 was studied in proportion to its plasma concentrations ascertained in parallel, making use of the model of the two-step coronary ligature in the conscious dog. Blood levels of 1.0 microgram/ml (2 mg/kg i.v.) or of 0.8 microgram/ml (5 mg/kg orally) brought about a complete suppression of ectopic arrhythmias. The limit concentration for this effect is about 0.5 microgram/ml.