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'Prevention is better than cure, especially when something has no cure.' Cancer, in most patients is detected at the stage beyond which it becomes noncurative. Therefore, the early detection of cancer cells can play a crucial role in enhancing the chances of a patient's survival. In this light, we present a nonfluorescent receptor used for the detection of Zn2+ ion in MDA-MB-231 carcinoma cells that exhibits fluorescence turn-on behaviour upon binding with the metal ion. In this work, the synthesis of 11,16-bis(2,6-difluorobenzene)-6,6,21,21-tetramethyl-meta-benziporpho-6,21-dimethene and its Zn2+ chloride complex have been reported. The compounds were fully characterized using UV-visible, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR) and mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the X-ray polymorphs of a meta-benziporphodimethene analogue were added. The study of its bioimaging applications in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells for the detection of Zn2+ ions is reported.

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Enzymes and protein's immobilization on magnetic nano supports is emerging as a promising candidate in the food, medical field, and areas of environmental studies. This work presents a study on purified Bacillus thermoamylovorans lipase (BTL) by utilizing tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)-modified magnesium nano ferrite (MgNF) of 20 nm size. Its structural and morphological studies were investigated by powder X-ray diffractometry, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, etc. Binding of BTL with MgNF was supported by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Magnetic behavior was examined by the vibrational sample magnetometer and Mössbauer spectrometer graphs. The enzymatic activity of BTL before and after immobilization was studied at different temperatures and reaction time. As per the Lineweaver-Burk plot, immobilized lipase has more biological affinity for fatty acids in comparison to the free lipase, and Kmax values of immobilized and free BTL were computed as 6.6 and 7.5 mM respectively, with excellent reusability(> 50%) even till 13 consecutive assay runs. Graphical Abstract.

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Antibiotic mediated therapies target the growth-related processes of the pathogen hence imparting a strong selection pressure on the pathogen to develop antibiotic resistance. Recently anti-virulence strategies have gained lots of attention amongst the scientific community, wherein instead of inhibiting the normal growth of pathogens, it interferes with the regulation of virulence factors of the pathogens and impede their pathogenesis. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the virulence mechanism accountable for various types of infections in humans depends on N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) mediated quorum sensing. So quenching of these molecules, pose as a promising tool against P. aeruginosa pathogenesis. Lactic acid bacteria cell-free supernatant (acidic and neutralized) were evaluated in quorum quenching of P. aeruginosa PAO1 (MTCC 3541) after their initial screening for anti-biofilm potential against this pathogen.Though the reduction in biofilm formation with acidic and neutralized supernatants of lactic acid bacteria revealed strain specific response but acidic fractions showed much stronger (P ≤ 0.05) inhibition of biofilm irrespective of the type of challenge given to P. aeruginosa with lactic acid bacteria. The acidic fraction of supernatants (L. lactis, L. rhamnosus and L. fermentum) not only showed a significant reduction (P ≤ 0.05) in auto-inducer AHL levels but also diminished elastase activity which was among important virulence characters directly controlled by the quorum sensing signaling. Moreover, significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in mRNA expression of lasI and rhlI in presence of acidic fractions of lactic acid bacterial supernatants further confirmed the quorum quenching process in P. aeruginosa.

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Abstract Phytochemicals present in plant extract include a number of biological active compounds which have shown promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in many animal studies. Present knowledge about the biochemical interactions of these compounds present in phytochemical extracts and target enzymes or proteins responsible for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity is limited. Present work is an attempt to identify and validate possible biological targets as enzymes or proteins involved in these targeted studies using molecular docking as computational method. IMPPAT: Indian Medicinal Plants, Photochemistry and Therapeutics (a curated database) has been used to retrieve various phytochemicals derived from selected plants which includes Carica papaya, Citrus limon, Curcuma longa, Dalbergia sissoo and Punica granatum. These phytochemicals are further evaluated using molecular docking against three enzymes involved in antioxidant activity which includes Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and Catalase (CAT). Cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) has been tested for anti-inflammatory activity of these phytochemicals. Gliadin (Triticum aestivum), Tea Extract (Punica granatum), Hesperidin (Citrus limon), Terrestribisamide (Triticum aestivum), Vitamin P (Carica papaya) and 1,2,6-Trigalloylglucose (Punica granatum) are few phytochemicals which has shown promising binding affinities towards target proteins or enzymes Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and Catalase (CAT) and cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2).

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