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Emotional intelligence (EI) has been widely researched in different fields of knowledge. This paper reviews the literature on emotional intelligence, leadership, and teams in 104 peer-reviewed articles and reviews provided by the Web of Science and Scopus databases from 1998 to 2022. It is a hybrid or mixed review as it uses both quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques. The aims of this study are a performance analysis of the selected documents (years of publication, country, sectors, techniques used, most cited authors, authors with more publications, journals, journal quartiles, and scope of publication), as well as a co-word analysis using Atlas. ti v8. The results of the quantitative analysis indicate that the majority are empirical works. The qualitative analysis is a co-word analysis providing the following results: (i) classification of authors by major themes-categories (EI, leadership, team), (ii) classification of themes within each major theme: three subcategories in EI, 17 subcategories in leadership, and 19 subcategories in team and, lastly, (iii) classification according to the chronological development of main objectives from the most cited authors' articles we analyzed. Leadership (transformational, emergence, virtual, effective, health, effectiveness) is the major theme we studied. Our in-depth review of the articles has shown that emotionally intelligent leaders improve both behaviors and business results and have an impact on work team performance. It also highlighted a positive relationship between emotional competence and team members' attitudes about work. The new trends focus on the impacts of COVID19, the global crisis due to the Ukraine War, working in VUCA and BANI environments, comparative studies between generations, the application of artificial intelligence and the influence of mindfulness on organizations.

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The purpose of the present study is to build a model combining some variables that have been previously studied separately to improve our understanding on how they relate in parents of children with cancer. A total of 112 parents with an average age of 41 completed the self-assessment questionnaires containing the factors studied: social support received, social support provided, stress, adjustment of parents and life satisfaction. Two models were developed: one for social support received and one for social support provided. Structural equation models based on the variance estimated through partial least squares were used to analyze factors involved in quality of life based on an exploratory model of second order. The estimated model was robust in terms of quality of measurement (reliability and validity). According to results from the structural model, in the model of social support received, the impact of social support received on stress was considerable (ß = -0.26; p = 0.02) and it explained 16% of the variance. The impact of social support received by parents on their adjustment (ß = -0.56; p < 0.001) was also considerable, explaining 32% of the variance. Finally, adjustment of parents also showed an effect on life satisfaction (ß = -0.33; p < 0.001) and it explained 26% of the variance. However, the relation between social support received (ß = 0.15; p = 0.11) and life satisfaction, the relation between stress (ß = -0.15; p = 0.08) and life satisfaction, and the relation between adjustment of parents (ß = 0.20; p = 0.07) and stress were not significant. In the model of social support provided by parents, social support provided (ß = 0.35; p < 0.001), and adjustment of parents (ß = -0.31; p < 0.01) impacted life satisfaction, explaining 36% of the variance. Social support provided (ß = -0.34; p < 0.01) impacted adjustment of parents and it explained 12% of the variance. Adjustment of parents (ß = 0.28; p < 0.05) also impacted parents' perception of stress, explaining 14% of the variance. However, the relation between social support provided (ß = -0.17; p = 0.06) and stress, and the relation between stress (ß = -0.13; p = 0.08) and life satisfaction, were not significant. Social support received showed a strong connection with stress and parents' adjustment. Additionally, social support received showed a decrease in stress and parents' adjustment. Social support provided by parents and the adjustments they experience are linked to their life satisfaction. Additionally, social support provided showed a decrease in adjustment and an increase in parents' life satisfaction. The models can be used to improve parents' situations and it has strong practical implications.

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This paper reviews the methodology used by the World Economic Forum (WEF) to create the Global Competitiveness Index (WEF-GCI). We propose an alternative competitiveness index that only includes the objective data (hard data) from the WEF-GCI and is created by applying a multivariate statistical procedure (Exploratory Factor Analysis) that allows us to determine the weights from the implicit data structure. The rankings obtained from this index have a high degree of association with those provided by the WEF. The main benefit of this index over the WEF index is that it does not include valuations from opinion surveys given to business executives and/or entrepreneurs of the countries included in the index (soft data). Consequently, the rankings from this alternative index are not affected by political biases or individual interests as it is elaborated only including officially published objective data.

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The pharmaceutical industry, concerned about the impact of its activity, has integrated responsible principles and practices with a view to improving its sustainable and financial performance. This study analyzes the relationship between environmental, social, governance, and controversy indicators and financial performance, measured through return on equity (ROA), return on assets (ROE), and Tobin's Q, which are applied to the listed companies in the Nasdaq US Smart Pharmaceuticals Index. This index is composed of 30 international companies with a presence at the global level. All the data have been extracted from the Thomson Reuters database. The analysis was performed using structural equation modeling implemented with partial least squares. The results confirm the positive relationship between the construct composed of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indicators and the aforementioned financial ratios. Additionally, a positive relationship of the controversy indicator with Tobin's Q is supported. This suggests that the pharmaceutical multinationals focus their investments in sustainability on ESG and pay attention to controversies to boost the visibility of the company and thus increase its value. These conclusions confirm that investing in ESG is a profitable strategy. It is also relevant for managers as it increases the profits and the market value of multinational pharmaceutical companies.

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This article aims to improve the knowledge on Generation Z as employees within workforce and in the workplace, as well as on the main thematic trends that drive the research on the topic. To this end, and using bibliometric techniques, a sample of 102 publications on this subject from Web of Science between 2009 and 2020 is analyzed. Research discusses the most published and most cited authors and journals to have a broad view of the context of the subject. Later, through a longitudinal view, the study mainly focuses on analyzing the evolution of thematic clusters, to assess the progress of the themes, as well as the network around the principal motor cluster of each period. The obtained results suggest a hardly developed topic, which started to draw attention in 2018, while still having a wide margin for growth. The core of research on the topic has evolved around "Generation-Z" "generations," "workplace," "management" and "attitudes," "leadership," "career," or "learning-teaching-education," although a low keyword stability among periods was noted. There is a need for further development on a variety of aspects regarding this generation and the labor market, as the study shows a clear orientation toward management and generational diversity within the workplace.

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Previous studies have generated important insights into consumer behavior. However, no study has addressed how to persuade young people belonging to Generation Z to increase the purchase intention of food products from a gender perspective. Drawing on ambivalent sexism theory, this paper explores the influence of the attitude toward advertising and the ethical judgment to predict consumers' food product purchase intention. We applied a quantitative method, partial least squares structural equation modeling, to 105 individuals. Two advertisements with different food products and female role stereotype categories are using: (1) women in a traditional role or housewife's role (benevolent sexism), and (2) women in a decorative role or physical attractiveness (hostile). However, the results show that attitude toward advertising has a direct and positive influence on purchase intention in advertisement with benevolent sexism. In addition, the effect of ethical judgment on consumers' food product purchase intention is not significant. In the advertisement with hostile sexism, both-attitude toward advertising and ethical judgment-directly and positively impact purchase intention. The study provides a novelty conceptual model in the food industry for Generation Z and recommendations on the use of female sexist stereotypes in food and beverage advertising.

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Objetivo: Comparar de forma longitudinal diferentes criterios diagnósticos de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños y niñas de 6 a 11 años. Método: 155 sujetos (86 niñas y 69 niños) pertenecientes a los tres colegíos públicos de La Algaba (Sevilla) fueron estudiados a lo largo de los seis cursos de Educación Primaria (2011-2017). Semestralmente se midió peso, talla y se calculó el Índice de Masa Corporal. Las prevalencias de sobrepeso y obesidad se calcularon mediante los percentiles 85 y 95 del Índice de Masa Corporal respectivamente, utilizando las tablas de los Centers for Disease Control and Prevention de Atlanta (United States of America), la Fundación Orbegozo y la Organización Mundial de la Salud. También se utilizó el criterio de extrapolación de Cole. Resultado: La evolución del peso, la talla y del Índice de Masa Corporal es lineal e idéntica para niños y niñas. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en niñas se mantiene estable a lo largo del estudio con los cuatro criterios empleados. En niños muestra una tendencia creciente con todos los criterios salvo con el de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. La prevalencia de sobrepeso es mayor que la de obesidad en todos los casos, salvo con el criterio Centers for Disease Control and Prevention que ocurre lo contrario. La prevalencia total (sobrepeso y obesidad) es menor con el criterio de Orbegozo, tanto para niños (32.7%) como para niñas (27.1%) y el valor más alto con el criterio de la Organizacíon Mundial de la Salud (51% para ambos). Conclusiones: Es de gran importancia que al facilitar datos de prevalencia se informe de qué criterios se están utilizando y no comparar nunca datos obtenidos con diferentes criterios de diagnóstico o comparando periodos de tiempo donde estos criterios hayan variado

Objective: To compare longitudinally different diagnostic criteria of overweight and obesity in children from 6 to 11 years old. Method: 155 children (86 girls and 69 boys) belonging to the three public schools of La Algaba (Seville) were studied throughout the six courses of Primary Education (2011-2017). Weight, height and were measured every six months and Body Mass Index were calculated every six months.The prevalences of overweight and obesity were calculated using the 85th and 95th Body Mass Index percentiles respectively, using the tables of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Atlanta (USA), the Orbegozo Foundation and the World Health Organization. The Cole extrapolation criterion was also used. Results: The evolution of weight, height and Body Mass Index is linear and identical for boys and girls. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in girls remains stable throughout the study with the four criteria used. In children it shows a growing trend with all the criteria except that of the World Health Organization. The prevalence of overweight is greater than that of obesity in all cases, except with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criterion that the opposite occurs. The total prevalence (overweight and obesity) is lower with the Orbegozo criterion, both for children (32.7%) and for girls (27.1%) and the highest value is reached with the World Health Organization criterion (51% for both). Conclusions: It is of great importance that, when providing prevalence data, it is reported which criteria are being used and never compare data obtained with different diagnostic criteria or comparing periods of time where these criteria have varied

Objetivo: Comparar os diferentes critérios diagnósticos de sobrepeso e obesidade em meninos e meninas de 6 a 11 anos. Método: Foram estudados 155 sujeitos (86 meninas e 69 meninos) pertencentes à três escolas públicas de La Algaba (Sevilha) ao longo dos seis anos do Ensino Fundamental (2011-2017). Peso, altura e IMC foram medidos a cada seis meses. As prevalências de sobrepeso e obesidade foram calculadas a partir dos percentis 85 e 95 do IMC, respectivamente, utilizando as tabelas do CDC de Atlanta (EUA), da Fundação Orbegozo, da OMS e o critério de extrapolação Cole. Resultado: O aumento do peso, altura e IMC é linear e idêntica para meninos e meninas. A prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em meninas permanece estável ao longo do estudo de acordo com os quatro critérios utilizados. Já em meninos, há uma tendência crescente com todos os critérios, exceto o da OMS. A prevalência de sobrepeso é maior que a da obesidade em todos os casos, exceto de acordo com o critério do CDC. A prevalência total (sobrepeso e obesidade) é menor de acordo com o critério de Orbegozo, tanto para meninos (32,7%) quanto para meninas (27,1%). Em contrapartida, o maior valor de prevalência é observado através do diagnóstico de acordo com o critério da OMS (51% para ambos). Conclusões: É de suma importância que, ao fornecer dados de prevalência, sejam especificados quais os critérios diagnóstico estão sendo utilizados e evitar que dados obtidos de diferentes critérios sejam comparados

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Objetivo: Determinar los hábitos de alimentación y actividad física de forma comparada entre niños y niñas, en un estudio longitudinal a seis años y empleando técnicas de calorimetría para valorar el nivel de actividad física y poderlo contrastar con la información proporcionada por los cuestionarios clásicos. Método: A lo largo de seis cursos de primaria 155 sujetos (86 niñas y 69 niños) cumplimentaron un cuestionario de actividad física y otro de dieta mediterránea. A 41 sujetos (25 niñas y 16 niños) se les midió anualmente el gasto energético total (GET) y en actividad (GEA) durante 48 horas con un medidor ArmBand(R). Resultados: Se registraron GEA de 600 kcal/dia en niñas y 900 kcal/dia en niños (40 y 50 % del GET respectivamente). Dado que ArmBand considera GEA todo el gasto por encima de 2.5 METs, las niñas y niños del estudio tuvieron gastos energéticos por encima de 2.5 METs durante el 40 y 50 % del tiempo respectivamente. Los niños realizan 18000 pasos diarios y las niñas 14.000. Todo ello representa un nivel medio de actividad que podemos calificar del moderado-alto. Conclusiones: La actividad física medida por calorimetría muestra mejor información que los cuestionarios. El nivel de actividad es claramente mayor en niños que en niñas y se mantiene estable durante los 6 años. La adherencia a la dieta mediterránea puede calificarse de media, necesitando mejoras

Objective: To determine the habits of nutrition and physical activity in a comparative way between boys and girls, in a longitudinal study to six years and using calorimetry techniques to assess the level of physical activity and to be able to contrast with the information by the classic questionnaires. Method: Throughout six primary courses, 155 children (86 girls and 69 boys) completed a physical activity questionnaire and a Mediterranean diet questionnaire. Total energy expenditure (GET) and activity (GEA) were measured annually for 48 hours with an ArmBand(R) device in 41 subjects (25 girls and 16 boys). Results: GEA of 600 kcal / day in girls and 900 kcal / day in boys were recorded (40 and 50% of GET respectively). Since ArmBand considers GEA to be all expenses above 2.5 METs, the children in the study had energy costs above 2.5 METs during 40 and 50% of the time respectively. The children perform 18000 daily steps and the girls 14000. All this represents a level of activity that we can qualify as moderate-high. Conclusions: Physical activity measured by calorimetry shows better information than questionnaires. The level of activity is clearly higher in boys than in girls and it remains stable during the 6 years. The adherence to the Mediterranean diet can be described as medium, needing improvements

Objetivo: Determinar os hábitos de alimentação e atividade física de forma comparativa entre meninos e meninas, em um estudo longitudinal de seis anos com utilização técnicas de calorimetria para avaliar o nível de atividade física e contrastá-la com as informações fornecidas pelos questionários clássicos. Método: Ao longo de seis anos primários, 155 indivíduos (86 meninas e 69 meninos) responderam um questionário de atividade física e um questionário sobre dieta mediterrânea. Desses, 41 indivíduos (25 meninas e 16 meninos) foram avaliados anualmente quanto ao gasto energético total (GET) e de atividade (GEA) por 48 horas com um medidor ArmBand(R). Resultados: GEA de 600 kcal/dia em meninas e 900 kcal/dia em meninos foram registrados (40 e 50% do GET, respectivamente). Como a ArmBand considera a GEA todas as despesas acima de 2,5 METs, as crianças do estudo tiveram gastos de energia acima de 2,5 METs durante 40 e 50% do tempo, respectivamente. Os meninos do estudo realizaram 18.000 passos diários e as meninas 14.000. Tudo isso representa um nível médio de atividade que podemos qualificar como moderado-alto. Conclusões: A atividade física medida pela calorimetria mostra melhor informação do que os questionários. O nível de atividade é claramente maior em meninos do que em meninas e permanece estável durante os 6 anos. A adesão à dieta mediterrânea pode ser descrita como moderada, necessitando de melhorias

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Craniofacial dyssynostosis (CD) is characterized by premature fusion of the lambdoid and posterior part of the sagittal sutures, and short stature. Thus, the skull shape becomes dolichocephalic with protuberant forehead and either bulging or flat occiput. Facial changes are secondary to the skull defects, and some additional findings have also been described. We report on the first four known Spanish patients. They were unrelated and had Spanish ancestors. In the three previous reports about this syndrome, the authors hypothesized that the frequency of the gene causing CD must be rather high in the Spanish population, and relatively common in areas with Spanish ancestry. We have estimated the minimal birth prevalence of the syndrome in 0.51 per million livebirths. It has been previously suggested that the syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, since there were two affected sisters among the nine published cases. Phenotypic variability is discussed in detail in this paper. We also underline several aspects for the anticipatory guidance of affected individuals, especially recommending a neurologic evaluation taking into account the radiologic findings in order to plan early interventions to avoid undesirable consequences of craniosynostosis. It is also recommended to perform additional studies (ophthalmologic, cardiologic, among others) to rule out the existence of associated anomalies, which are more frequent than previously considered.

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