RESUMEN
The incidence of pancreatic diseases has been continuously rising in recent years. Thus, research on pancreatic regeneration is becoming more popular. Chronic hyperglycemia is detrimental to pancreatic ß-cells, leading to impairment of insulin secretion which is the main hallmark of pancreatic diseases. Obtaining plenty of functional pancreatic ß-cells is the most crucial aspect when studying pancreatic biology and treating diabetes. According to the International Diabetes Federation, diabetes has become a global epidemic, with about 3 million people suffering from diabetes worldwide. Hyperglycemia can lead to many dangerous diseases, including amputation, blindness, neuropathy, stroke, and cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Insulin is widely used in the treatment of diabetes; however, innovative approaches are needed in the academic and preclinical stages. A new approach aims at synthesizing patient-specific functional pancreatic ß-cells. The present article focuses on how cells from different tissues can be transformed into pancreatic ß-cells.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Hiperglucemia , Enfermedades Pancreáticas , Humanos , Linaje de la Célula , Diferenciación CelularRESUMEN
The sustainable synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is widely exploited. However, the preparation of color-variable AuNPs based on renewable energy had not been reported. Here, a facile approach to synthesis color-variable lignin-based AuNPs was presented for the first time, using UV-induced decomposition of Au2O3 as the gold precursor and lignin as the stabilizer for AuNPs in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent. UV radiation technology could effectively convert Au3+ into Au0. In addition, the reaction behavior was systematically studied, and the conversion rate and reaction rate of Au2O3 could be further enhanced by changing the temperature. More interestingly, the aggregation degree of AuNPs could be adjusted by changing the amount of lignin, and the color-variable AuNPs from wine red to purple was realized. At the same time, the lignin-functionalized AuNPs showed high selectivity as the colorimetric detector towards Pb2+ ions. Our work displayed a facile, nontoxic and efficient method to prepare color-variable AuNPs, which might provide a realizable perspective to the colorimetric and sensing of AuNPs.
Asunto(s)
Oro , Nanopartículas del Metal , Colorimetría/métodos , Plomo , LigninaRESUMEN
As a natural fluorescent material, the practical application of lignin fluorescence was hindered due to the low fluorescence quantum yield (QY). Inspired by its aggregation fluorescence behavior, the effect of microstructure-scale on lignin fluorescence was studied from two levels, the molecular weight and colloidal sphere. It was demonstrated that with the decrease of lignin microstructure-scale, the non-radiative dissipation and reabsorption effect of lignin fluorescence would be weak, resulting in high emission efficiency. On this basis, hydrogenolysis was used to obtain small molecular fragments and reduce content of reabsorbing groups of lignin, of which the QY was greatly increased by 35 times to about 12%. In addition, the emission peak of lignin was the fluorescence addition of its main structural units. The long-wavelength emission peak was often the illusion from the reabsorption effect but not duo to the formation of conjugated structure. This work provided a potential method for the preparation of high QY lignin and an in-depth understanding of lignin fluorescence.