RESUMEN

SUMMARY: Glucose has an essential role in the proliferation and survival of testicular tissue. Glucose transporters (GLUTs) are responsible for glucose uptake across cell membranes. In the present work, two main isoforms GLUT1 and GLUT3 were investigated in the testes of Laboratory mouse (BALB/c), Lesser Egyptian jerboa (Jaculus jaculus), Golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), and Desert Hedgehog (Paraechinus aethiopicus). Immunofluorescent localization of GLUT1 and GLUT3 showed considerable species differences. The lowest expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 was localized in the testis of Laboratory mouse (BALB/c), the highest GLUT1 localization was detected in the testis of Lesser Egyptian jerboa (Jaculus jaculus), and the highest GLUT3 immunofluorescent localization was observed in the testis of Hedgehog (Paraechinus aethiopicus). The results imply that GLUT3 is the principal glucose transporter in the studied testes, which is related to species differences. The different immunolocalization of GLUT in examined testes suggests using various transport systems for energy gain in different species.

La glucosa tiene un papel esencial en la proliferación y supervivencia del tejido testicular. Los transportadores de glucosa (GLUT) son responsables de la absorción de glucosa a través de las membranas celulares. En el presente trabajo, se investigaron dos isoformas principales GLUT1 y GLUT3 en los testículos de un ratón de laboratorio (BALB/c), un jerbo egipcio menor (Jaculus jaculus), un hámster dorado (Mesocricetus auratus) y un erizo del desierto (Paraechinus aethiopicus). La localización inmunofluorescente de GLUT1 y GLUT3 mostró diferencias considerables entre especies. La expresión más baja de GLUT1 y GLUT3 se localizó en el testículo del ratón de laboratorio (BALB/c), la localización más alta de GLUT1 se detectó en el testículo del jerbo egipcio menor (Jaculus jaculus) y la localización inmunofluorescente de GLUT3 más alta se observó en el testículo de Erizo (Paraechinus aethiopicus). Los resultados implican que GLUT3 es el principal transportador de glucosa en los testículos estudiados, lo que está relacionado con diferencias entre especies. La diferente inmunolocalización de GLUT en los testículos examinados sugiere el uso de varios sistemas de transporte para ganar energía en diferentes especies.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of penconazole fungicide at a low dose (2.5 mg/kg b.w.) during embryogenesis in either the pre- or post-implantation of embryos. Females were determined pregnant according to the presence of vaginal plug and then grouped into control and penconazole-exposures at high doses (30, 20, 10, and 5 mg/kg b.w.). These high doses provoked foetoresorptionin the first experiment. Thus, a low dose (2.5 mg/kg b. w.) was used in either the pre- or post-implantation of embryos to clarify the embryotoxicity without mortality on the developing brain and eye. Results indicate a developmental delay of the cerebral hemisphere, hippocampus, cerebellum (lobulation) and induced retinopathy during eye development in post-implantation of penconazole treated group. Also, the effect of penconazole at low dose provoked a decrease in the expression of α-synuclein in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and ganglion cell layer of the developing brain and eye. In conclusion, exposure to PEN fungicide during pregnancy at a dose (2.5 mg/kg) induces alterations in the developing brain and eye tissues.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effect of penconazole (PEN) fungicide on early embryogenesis of white mice. In the first experiment, 48 pregnant females were divided into different groups; the first group is control (G1). The second group (G2) was treated daily with PEN (30-, 20-, 10-, 5-mg/kg BW). The third group (G3) was treated with PEN (5-mg/kg BW; day after the other day). The fourth group (G4) was treated with PEN (2.5-mg/kg BW daily) during pre-implantation stage (from the 1st to the 4th day of gestation). The fifth group (G5) was treated with PEN (2.5-mg/kg BW daily) during post-implantation (from the 5th to the 8th day of gestation). The pregnant females were sacrificed at the 14th day of gestation. In the second experiment, 63 pregnant females were classified into control, PEN-treated during pre-implantation period (2.5-mg/kg BW), and PEN-administered during post-implantation period (2.5-mg/kg BW). Each group was sacrificed at stages E6.5, E7.5, E8.5, E9.5, E11.5, E14.5, and E18.5. The high doses of PEN in the first experiment showed failed pregnancy, foetoresorption, and embryo disorganization. High doses of PEN induce alterations in the uterus tissue at the level of histology and immunohistochemistry for the expression of TGFß2, TNFR2, Caspase 10, and HSP70. The low doses of PEN in the second experiment showed upregulated expression of TGFß2, TNFR2, Caspase 10, and HSP70 at stages E6.5 and E7.5. In conclusion, PEN was found to alter the suitable uterine environment for proper implantation and development at the levels of histological and immunohistochemical that could create a risk during the full course of embryogenesis.

Asunto(s)