RESUMEN
Semi-hard pressed goat's cheese, a traditional matured cheese in Andalusia, has a residual lactose content that may affect people with intolerance to that carbohydrate. Nowadays, lactose-free dairy products are characterized by presenting a scant sensory quality, far removed from their traditional profile for their pronounced sweet and bitter taste and aroma related to Maillard reactions. The aim of this work was to make a cheese with a similar sensory profile to that of the traditional Andalusian one but without lactose. For this purpose, the doses of the enzyme lactase that would be necessary to add to the milk were investigated so that, during the manufacturing of the cheese, there would remain enough lactose for the starter cultures to trigger lactic fermentation and, in turn, to spark the cheese's own maturity processes. The results show that the combined action of lactase (0.125 g/L, 0.250 g/L, 0.5 g/L, and 1 g/L) and of the lactic bacteria reduces the final content of lactose to below 0.01%, complying with the European Authority of Food Safety's recommendations for considering the cheeses as being under the denomination "lactose-free". The physicochemical and sensory values resulting from the different batches of cheese obtained indicate that the lowest dose studied (0.125 g/L) had very similar ones to those of the control cheese.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo principal de este trabajo es desarrollar un derivado lácteo, queso fundido, con unas propiedades sensoriales adecuadas, mediante un proceso tecnológicamente viable para las empresas lácteas artesanales de Andalucía, de forma que se mejore la competitividad de dicho sector, a través de la diversificación de su producción y el aprovechamiento de los recursos. MÉTODOS: Para la elaboración de queso fundido se tomó como materia prima, queso fresco de leche pasteurizada de cabra, de tipo pasta prensada, el cual se molturó y sometió al proceso de fundición. Los métodos analíticos aplicados, son análisis físico - químico, sensorial y estadístico. RESULTADOS: Tras las determinaciones analíticas, se observa que durante el proceso de fundición se incrementa el extracto seco del producto final, así como la disminución del pH por la adición de ácido láctico. En cuanto a los parámetros sensoriales, destacan el 'Olor Mantequilla' y 'Olor Leche Cocida', debido al tratamiento térmico aplicado, así como notas a especias. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo indican la posibilidad, tanto desde un punto de vista tecnológico como sensorial, de desarrollar un queso fundido en bloque a partir de queso fresco de cabra
INTRODUCTION: The main objective of this work is to develop a milk derivative, melted cheese, with sensory properties suitable for consumption, through a technologically viable process for artisanal dairy companies in Andalusia, so as to improve the competitiveness of that sector, through the diversification of its production and the use of productive resources. METHOD: For the elaboration of melted cheese, fresh cheese was made from pasteurized goat milk, pressed type, which was crushed and subjected to the casting process. The analytical methods were physical - chemical, sensory and statistical analysis. RESULTS: After the analytical determinations, it is observed that during the smelting process the dry extract of the final product is increased, as well as the pH by the addition of lactic acid, which is determinant in the structural development. As for the sensory parameters, the 'Odor Butter' and 'Odor Baked Milk' stand out, due to the applied heat treatment, as well as notes to spices. CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in this work indicate the possibility, both from a technological and sensorial point of view, to develop a block cheese made from fresh goat cheese