RESUMEN
The interface between NiO and perovskite in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is a major factor that can limit device performance due to defects and inappropriate redox reactions, which cause nonradiative recombination and decrease in open-circuit voltage (VOC). In the present study, a novel approach is used for the first time, where an amino acid (glycine (Gly), alanine (Ala), and aminobutyric acid (ABA))-complexed NiO are used as interface modifiers to eliminate defect sites and hydroxyl groups from the surface of NiO. The Ala-complexed NiO suppresses interfacial non-radiative recombination, improves the perovskite layer quality and better energy band alignment with the perovskite, resulting in improved charge transfer and reduced recombination. The incorporation of the Ala-complexed NiO leads to a PCE of 20.27% with enhanced stability under the conditions of ambient air, light soaking, and heating to 85 °C, as it retains over 82%, 85%, and 61% of its initial PCE after 1000, 500, and 350 h, respectively. The low-temperature technique also leads to the fabrication of a NiO thin film that is suitable for flexible PSCs. The Ala-complexed NiO is fabricated on the flexible substrate and achieved 17.12% efficiency while retaining 71% of initial PCE after 5,000 bending.
RESUMEN
For p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs), nickel oxide (NiOx) hole transport layers (HTLs) are the preferred interfacial layer due to their low cost, high mobility, high transmittance, and stability. However, the redox reaction between the Ni≥3+ and hydroxyl groups in the NiOx and perovskite layer leads to oxidized CH3NH3 + and reacts with PbI in the perovskite, resulting in a large number of non-radiative recombination sites. Among various transition metals, an ultra-thin zinc nitride (Zn3N2) layer on the NiOx surface is chosen to prevent these redox reactions and interfacial issues using a simple solution process at low temperatures. The redox reaction and non-radiative recombination at the interface of the perovskite and NiOx reduce chemically by using interface modifier Zn3N2 to reduce hydroxyl group and defects on the surface of NiOx. A thin layer of Zn3N2 at the NiOx/perovskite interface results in a high Ni3+/Ni2+ ratio and a significant work function (WF), which inhibits the redox reaction and provides a highly aligned energy level with perovskite crystal and rigorous trap-passivation ability. Consequently, Zn3N2-modified NiOx-based PSCs achieve a champion PCE of 21.61%, over the NiOx-based PSCs. After Zn3N2 modification, the PSC can improve stability under several conditions.
RESUMEN
The perovskite solar cell (PSC), which has achieved efficiencies of more than 26%, is expected to be a promising technology that can alternate silicon-based solar cells. However, the performance of PSCs is still limited due to defects and ion migration that occur at the large number of grain boundaries present in perovskite thin films. In this study, the mixed ammonium ligands passivation strategy (MAPS) is demonstrated, which combines n-octylammonium iodide (OAI) and 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP) can effectively suppress the grain boundary defects and ion migration through grain boundaries by the synergistic effect of OAI and DAP, resulting in improved efficiency and stability of PSCs. It has also been revealed that MAPS not only enhances crystallinity and reduces grain boundaries but also improves charge transport while suppressing charge recombination. The MAPS-based opaque PSC shows the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.29% with improved open-circuit voltage (VOC ) and fill factor (FF), and retained 84% of its initial PCE after 1900 h at 65 °C in N2 atmosphere. Amazingly, the MAPS-based semi-transparent PSC (STP-PSC) retained 94% of their maximum power (21.00% at around 10% AVT) after 1000 h under 1 sun illumination and MAPS-based perovskite submodule (PSM) achieved a PCE of 19.59%, which is among the highest values reported recently.
RESUMEN
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) emerged as potential photovoltaic energy-generating devices developing in recent years because of their excellent photovoltaic properties and ease of processing. However, PSCs are still reporting efficiencies much lower than their theoretical limits owing to various losses caused by the charge transport layer and the perovskite. In this regard, herein, an interface engineering strategy using functional molecules and chemical bridges was applied to reduce the loss of the heterojunction electron transport layer. As a functional interface layer, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was introduced between PCBM and the ZnO layer, and as a result, EDTA simultaneously formed chemical bonds with PCBM and ZnO to serve as a chemical bridge connecting the two. DFT and chemical analyses revealed that EDTA can act as a chemical bridge between PCBM and ZnO, passivate defect sites, and improve charge transfer. Optoelectrical analysis proved that EDTA chemical bridge-mediated charge transfer (CBM-CT) provides more efficient interfacial charge transport by reducing trap-assisted recombination losses at ETL interfaces, thereby improving device performance. The PSC with EDTA chemical bridge-mediated heterojunction ETL exhibited a high PCE of 21.21%, almost no hysteresis, and excellent stability to both air and light.
RESUMEN
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are advancing rapidly and have reached a performance comparable to that of silicon solar cells. Recently, they have been expanding into a variety of applications based on the excellent photoelectric properties of perovskite. Semi-transparent PSCs (ST-PSCs) are one promising application that utilizes the tunable transmittance of perovskite photoactive layers, which can be used in tandem solar cells (TSC) and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). However, the inverse relationship between light transmittance and efficiency is a challenge in the development of ST-PSCs. To overcome these challenges, numerous studies are underway, including those on band-gap tuning, high-performance charge transport layers and electrodes, and creating island-shaped microstructures. This review provides a general and concise summary of the innovative approaches in ST-PSCs, including advances in the perovskite photoactive layer, transparent electrodes, device structures and their applications in TSC and BIPV. Furthermore, the essential requirements and challenges to be addressed to realize ST-PSCs are discussed, and the prospects of ST-PSCs are presented.
RESUMEN
Perovskite photovoltaics (PePVs) tend to suffer from a high density of defects that restrict the device in terms of performances and stability. Therefore, defect passivation and film-quality improvement of perovskite active layers are crucial for high-performance PePVs. In this work, 2-chloroethyl acrylate (CEA) with CâO and -Cl groups in Cs0.175FA0.750MA0.075Pb (I0.880Br0.120) precursor solutions is introduced as a novel bifunctional additive to act as both a defect passivator and perovskite-growth controller. With the aid of CEA, the perovskite crystallinity and average grain size are improved, and perovskite defects are effectively reduced, thus increasing the representative efficiency (PCE = 19.32%). PePVs with CEA also maintain their initial efficiency of 85% even after about 500 h under air conditions with a humidity of 40 ± 5%. As a result, this study proves that the novel additive CEA can produce higher PePV efficiency and more stable devices.
RESUMEN
PC61BM is commonly used in perovskite solar cells (PSC) as the electron transport material (ETM). However, PC61BM film has various disadvantages, such as its low coverage or the many pinholes that appear due to its aggregation behavior. These faults may lead to undesirable direct contact between the metal cathode and perovskite film, which could result in charge recombination at the perovskite/metal interface. In order to overcome this problem, three alternative non-fullerene electron materials were applied to inverted PSCs; they were evaluated on suitability as electron transport layers. The roles and effects of these non-fullerene ETMs on device performance were studied using photoluminescence (PL) measurements, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), internal resistance in PSC measurements, and conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM). It was found that one of the tested materials, IT-4f, showed excellent electron extraction ability and was associated with reduced recombination. The PSC with IT-4f as the ETM produced better cell-performance; it had an average PCE of 11.21%, which makes it better than the ITIC and COi8DFIC-based devices. Finally, IT-4f was compared with PC61BM; it was found that the two materials have quite comparable efficiency and stability levels.
RESUMEN
In this data article, we provide field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) images of wet-spun polyurethane (PU)-silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)/graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) composite fibers according to the content of AgNPs and GNPs. In addition, microstructural changes of PU-AgNPs/GNPs composite fibers due to heat treatment at various temperatures are provided. The data collected in this article is directly related to our research article "Stretchable and Electrically Conductive Polyurethane- Silver/Graphene composite fibers prepared by wet-spinning process" [1].