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We studied the effects of water-soluble fractions of pine resin and Biopin-10 and Biopin-20 ointments used for the therapy of burns, wounds, and purulent and inflammatory diseases on spontaneous and induced synthesis of tumor necrosis factor and interleukins 1, 2, and 8 by human peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro. These preparations contain various bioactive substances producing opposite and dose-dependent immunomodulatory effects. Our results indicate that the composition and doses of preparations should be selected to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect.

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We studied the effects of water-soluble fractions of pine resin and Biopin-10 and Biopin-20 ointments used in the treatment of burns, wounds, and pyoinflammatory processes on the phagocytic activity and redox potential of human peripheral blood neutrophils in vitro. The test preparations contain bioactive substances producing opposite dose-dependent effects on phagocytosis, which suggests that the composition and dose of ointments should be selected individually in order to attain the optimal therapeutic effect.

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We studied the effects of pine resin and Biopin ointment used for the therapy of burns, wounds, purulent and inflammatory diseases on blood leukocyte count, phagocytic activity of macrophages and neutrophils, and redox potential of peripheral blood neutrophils. The wound-healing effect of the test preparations is determined by their ability to activate phagocytosis.

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We studied the effects of pine resin and Biopin ointment used for the therapy of burns, wounds, purulent and inflammatory diseases on differentiation of T lymphocyte precursors, lymphocyte proliferation in the thymus and spleen, and production of tumor necrosis factor and interleukins 1, 2, and 6 by splenocytes and peripheral blood leukocytes. The wound-healing effect of these preparations is determined by their pronounced immunomodulatory properties.

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We studied the effects of Biopin ointment containing pine resin and used for the therapy of burns, wounds, and purulent and inflammatory diseases on the cell composition of wounds and histochemical changes in the granulation tissue during the therapy of extensive third-degree burns. The preparation stimulated the nonspecific immune response, normalized hemodynamics in damaged regions, and stimulated cell proliferation in the squamous epithelium.

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The effects of Biopin (ointment containing pine resin) used in the treatment of burns, wounds, and pyoinflammatory processes on cell composition of the wound surface (smears) and granulation tissue were studied on rats. In vitro antibacterial activity of the drug was also evaluated. At the early stage of inflammation Biopin modulated the nonspecific and inhibited specific cell immune response, normalized hemodynamics in the inflammation focus, activated synthetic processes in the wound, and was effective towards anaerobes and bacilli.

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We studied the effects of pine resin and Biopin ointment used for the therapy of burns, wounds, purulent and inflammatory diseases on the content of lipid peroxidation products, including primary (conjugated dienes), secondary (malonic dialdehyde and ketodienes), and end products (Schiff bases), and content of isolated double bonds in the spleen and liver. Repeated application of Biopin did not modulate lipid peroxidation. The inhibitory effect of this preparation was observed only in the initial short period after application.

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We studied properties of ointment Biopin containing pine resin and used for the therapy of burns, wounds, and purulent and inflammatory diseases. Long-term treatment with this preparation in clinical doses had no effect on the nonspecific, but modulated the specific immune response. Biopin ointment inhibited humoral, but stimulated cell immunity. Neither local irritation, nor allergic reactions were found after long-term epicutaneous application of the preparation.

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The role of interleukin-1 in the activation of neutrophils, the main effects of inflammatory reaction, is still unclear. This study has demonstrated that the recombinant preparation interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) which the authors have obtained fails to produce a direct action on the locomotor functions of neutrophils. At the same time, injection of IL-1 beta in mice leads to neutrophilic migration to the injection site and their efflux into peripheral blood. These findings confirm the assumption that interleukin-1 produces a mediator effect on neutrophilic chemotaxis.

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IL-1 was localized within the cytoplasm of human blood monocytes by indirect immunofluorescence using polyclonal rabbit antibodies. After LPS stimulation first IL-1-positive cells appeared at 2 hours and maximal intracellular IL-1 concentration was observed at 10-24 hours when nearly 90% monocytes were labeled with subsequent decline at 48 hours. The highest intracellular IL-1 content preceded its maximal level in cell supernatants.

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Overall 111 healthy children aged 3 to 7 years, 71 children with ARVI and those aged 2 to 14 years with ARVI complicated by bronchitis and pneumonia were examined. The level and rate of IL-1 production by peripheral blood monocytes in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were determined. It has been established that 98.7% of the healthy children responded to LPS by marked production of IL-1. In 3 children, there was po synthesis of IL-1, in 26.1% of the healthy children, peripheral blood monocytes produced IL-1 without addition of LPS. In children with respiratory bacterial infections, there was a significant increase of IL-1 production as compared to the control. IL-1 production in ARVI was lowered.

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The data are presented on the cloning and structural analysis of the cDNA coding for human prointerleukin-1 alpha and prointerleukin-1 beta (proIL-1 alpha and proIL-1 beta). The nucleotide sequences of proIL-1 alpha and proIL-1 beta cDNAs have been compared with the sequences published earlier. The nucleotide changes resulting in the aminoacid changes of the protein were not found. Some nucleotide changes were identified within the 3'-nontranslated region of the proIL-1 beta cDNA. The existence of the allelic variants for interleukin genes registered only on the gene level has been supposed.

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Among different tested substances LPS-containing preparations were found to be most effective inducers of secretory interleukin-1 in human peripheral blood monocytes in vitro. IL-1 from supernatant of prodigiozan- + con A-stimulated monocytes had a MM of 18-20 KD and pI of 5.2-5.4 and 6.8 revealing an equal comitogenic activity and of 6.0 (minor peak).

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