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At the current stage, the automation level of GNSS RTK equipment is low, and manual operation leads to decreased accuracy and efficiency in setting out. To address these issues, this paper has designed an algorithm for automatic setting out that resolves the common problem of reduced accuracy in conventional RTK. First, the calculation of the laser rotation center is conducted using relevant parameters to calibrate the instrument's posture and angle. Then, by analyzing the posture information, the relative position and direction of the instrument to the point to be set out are determined, and the rotation angles in the horizontal and vertical directions are calculated. Following this, the data results are analyzed, and the obtained rotation angles are output to achieve automatic control of the instrument. Finally, a rotating laser composed of servo motors and laser modules is used to control the GNSS RTK equipment to locate the set-out point, thereby determining its position on the ground and displaying it in real-time. Compared to traditional GNSS RTK equipment, the proposed automatic setting out algorithm and the developed GNSS laser RTK equipment reduce the setting out error from 15 mm to 10.3 mm. This reduces the barrier to using GNSS RTK equipment, minimizes human influence, enhances the work efficiency of setting out measurements, and ensures high efficiency and stability under complex conditions.

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In this article, a method of information exchange system (MIES) has been proposed to optimize the structure of the hinge sleeve of cubic (HSC), a key component of synthetic diamond. The MIES method integrates static analysis, topology optimization, and fatigue failure analysis. By using this method, the lightweight design of the structure was ensured while meeting the fatigue life requirements. The weight of the optimized model was reduced from 5729.9 kg to 4593.4 kg, and the fatigue life was 1.127E+05, which meets the serviceability requirements. The steps of the method are as follows: First, the model of HSC was established. According to the loading conditions, the basic material data and boundary conditions were set, and the stresses and strains of the HSC were calculated. The optimized region was obtained by topological analysis of the HSC structure using the variable density method. The fatigue life of the model was then calculated by combining the stress life method and the average stress correction method. Simulations were performed using the above method to obtain the six nodes of maximum stress in the HSC. These nodes were used as control points for the structural optimization design. The HSC model was optimized by optimizing the structure in the region of the control variable points. Computational analysis of the optimized HSC model was carried out using the information exchange system. After repeated optimization of the structure of the HSC model, a model with a lightweight design was obtained. The ANSYS simulation results showed that the final mass of the HSC model was reduced by 19.83%. Stress and life were within the design requirements. The information exchange system has better computational performance, feasibility, and reliability compared to traditional theoretical methods.

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The main aim of this paper is to explore new approaches to structural design and to solve the problem of lightweight design of structures involving multivariable and multi-objectives. An integrated optimization design methodology is proposed by combining intelligent optimization algorithms with generative design. Firstly, the meta-model is established to explore the relationship between design variables, quality, strain energy, and inherent energy. Then, employing the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III), the optimal frameworks of the structure are sought within the entire design space. Immediately following, a structure is rebuilt based on the principle of cooperative equilibrium. Furthermore, the rebuilt structure is integrated into a generative design, enabling automatic iteration by controlling the initial parameter set. The quality and rigidity of the structure under different reconstructions are evaluated, resulting in solution generation for structural optimization. Finally, the optimal structure obtained is validated. Research outcomes indicate that the quality of structures generated through the comprehensive optimization method is reduced by 27%, and the inherent energy increases by 0.95 times. Moreover, the overall structural deformation is less than 0.003 mm, with a maximum stress of 3.2 MPa-significantly lower than the yield strength and meeting industrial usage standards. A qualitative study and analysis of the experimental results substantiate the superiority of the proposed methodology for optimized structural design.

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Complications and fata toxicity induced by chemotherapy are the main challenge for clinical management of osteosarcoma. The identification of agents that can augment the efficacy of chemotherapy at lower doses may represent an alternative therapeutic strategy. Narasin is a polyether antibiotic widely used in veterinary medicine. In this study, we show that narasin is active against osteosarcoma cells at the same concentrations that are less toxic to normal cells. This effect is achieved by growth inhibition and apoptosis induction, which is mediated by oxidative stress and damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) abolishes the anti-osteosarcoma activity. Importantly, narasin significantly augments doxorubicin's efficacy in both osteosarcoma cell culturing system and subcutaneous implantation mouse model. The combination of narasin and doxorubicin at non-toxic doses completely arrests osteosarcoma growth in mice. Our results suggest that the concurrent administration of doxorubicin and narasin could present a viable alternative therapeutic approach for osteosarcoma.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Óseas , Osteosarcoma , Animales , Ratones , Osteosarcoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Doxorrubicina/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo , Neoplasias Óseas/tratamiento farmacológico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Apoptosis

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In this study, the multi-objective optimal design of the Hinge Sleeve of Cubic (HSC) was achieved by combining the central composite design (CCD), Kriging and multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) approaches. Firstly, the model of the HSC was established and the appropriate design variables were selected. The mass, the maximum deformation and the maximum equivalent stress of the HSC were taken as the optimization objectives. After comparative analysis of the parameters, the parameter with the greatest influence on the optimization objectives was selected as the geometric constraint. Subsequently, according to the results of the experimental design, the Kriging model was used to establish the response surface optimization model of the objective function. And finally the best optimization results were obtained by using MOGA. The experimental results show that the optimization strategy is reliable and the mass of the optimized model is reduced by 24.84%, which achieves the lightweight design of the HSC while meeting the actual production requirements, saves the design cost and improves the material utilization.

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In the structural design of serial robots, topology and dimensional parameters design are independent, making it challenging to achieve synchronous optimization design between the two. To address this issue, a topology-and-dimension-parameter integrated optimization method (TPOM) is proposed by setting critical variables to connect topology layout and dimensional features. Firstly, the topology layout is extracted by the edge detection technique. Structural manufacturability reconstruction is conducted by measuring the dimensions of the layout through a program. Additionally, for the reconstructed structural layout, critical variables are set using three-dimensional software (SOLIDWORKS2021). The experiments primarily involve critical variables, quality, and deformation as variables. Then, the response surface methodology is selected to construct the stiffness-mass metamodel, and based on this, the structural deformation is analyzed. Lastly, the multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is employed to optimize the critical variables, and an optimized structure is established for validation. The results indicate that the proposed method (TPOM) reduces the mass of the structure by 15% while maintaining its stiffness. In addition, the deformation of the whole structure is less than 0.352 mm, which meets the requirements of industrial applications. Through quantitative analysis of the experimental results, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method have been demonstrated.

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Osteosarcoma (OS) is a prevalent primary malignant bone tumor that commonly occurs in children and adolescents. Apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone) is one of the most researched phenolic compounds that exhibits antitumor effects in several cancers. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms of apigenin on OS. To address this, OS cells (SOSP-9607) were treated with different concentrations of apigenin. The proliferation, migration, invasion, stem-like properties, and Warburg effect of apigenin-treated OS cells were evaluated. Apigenin was found to suppress the proliferation of SOSP-9607 cells and inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as indicated by decreased number of migrated and invaded cells, decreased protein expression of vimentin, and increased protein expression of E-cadherin. Additionally, apigenin suppressed tumorsphere formation and reduced the proportion of SOSP-9607 cells with positive expression of the stem cell-related markers Nanog and OCT-4. Apigenin inhibited the Warburg effect in SOSP-9607 cells, as demonstrated by decreased glucose and lactic acid levels, increased citrate and ATP levels, and downregulation of GLUT1, HK1, and LDHA, which are metabolism-related enzymes related to the Warburg effect. Moreover, apigenin inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR in SOSP-9607 cells. Collectively, these results indicate that apigenin suppresses the Warburg effect and stem-like properties in SOSP-9607 cells, which may be mediated by PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, thus, providing a novel strategy for OS treatment.

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PURPOSE: Bone metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are common, and current prognostic stratification methods are challenging to predict outcomes. The aim of the study is to examine circulating tumor DNA as a potential biomarker to gauge overall survival. METHODS: Late stage NSCLC patients associated with bone metastasis were recruited for the study. Circulating tumor DNA was quantified using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, a sensitive assay that is capable to pick up low mutant DNA frequencies. KRAS and EGFR genes were serially profiled at monthly intervals to ascertain their variations in different patients during monitoring. These were correlated to overall survival as an endpoint measure. RESULTS: Analysis of circulating tumor DNA and tumor tissues samples yielded a 94.7% overall agreement for KRAS and EGFR mutations. Higher circulating tumor DNA quantities of more than 1.4-fold were also detected in patients with bone metastases. To gauge the prognostic utility of circulating tumor DNA for these patient groups, circulating tumor DNA quantities as well as the patients' genotypes were used to stratify patients in the survival analysis. Hazard ratios for patient groups with and without bone metastasis was 1.63. Patients groups separated by circulating tumor DNA quantity and molecular profile were 1.51 and 1.58, respectively. The results showed that circulating tumor DNA was a useful marker to identify patients with better survival outcomes. CONCLUSION: The good overall concordance in genetic profiling and circulating tumor DNA measurements associated with NSCLC patients with bone metastases supports plasma-based testing. This study presents exploratory evidence of the prognostic role of circulating tumor DNA that can be of value in the management of the disease.

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Neoplasias Óseas/sangre , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/sangre , ADN Tumoral Circulante/sangre , Anciano , Neoplasias Óseas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Óseas/patología , Neoplasias Óseas/secundario , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/genética , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mutación , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/uso terapéutico

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The present study investigated the value of human ß-defensin 3 (HBD-3) in adjusting the immunity and inflammatory response of T lymphocytes in the body after knee replacement. Sixty-four cases of knee replacement patients were successively selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group each with 32 cases. Once a day, for 7 days, patients in the control group were injected with placebo saline solution in the articular cavity. Levels of Th1 and/Th2, interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were compared one month later, and implant infection rates were compared within 1-year follow-up. Compared with patients in the control group, the levels of Th1 and Th1/Th2 in the observation group significantly increased, yet their Th2 decreased. The levels of IL-2 and TNF-α were also observed to be significantly elevated, yet IL-10 decreased. Furthermore, their TLR-4 and ALP levels were significantly higher. Three cases of implant-related infection occurred in the control group and 1 case in the observation group. In conclusion, HBD-3 could adjust the immunity and inflammatory response of cells in the body after knee replacement, possibly playing an important role in implant-related infection.