RESUMEN
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of skin on the textural properties of semi-dried jerky produced with different acid treatments. Jerky was prepared with no skin (control) or with 1, 3, or 5% chicken skin. After hand mixing (for 3 min) and tumbling (for 30 min) to distribute the curing ingredients, the cured meats were dried for 180 min at 55°C, for 180 min at 65°C, and finally for 60 min at 75°C. The presence of skin was shown to result in a higher fat content, TBA value, and metmyoglobin due to the high fat content of the skin. In contrast, acid treatment decreased the TBA value and metmyoglobin in jerky relative to samples that were not subjected to acid treatment. The presence of skin also improved the moisture contents, processing yields, and mechanical tenderness.
Asunto(s)
Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Productos de la Carne/normas , Piel , Animales , Pollos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Resistencia al CorteRESUMEN
Reduced-fat pork patties produced with the addition of Laminaria japonica powder were evaluated for the chemical composition, cooking characteristics and sensory properties. Reduced-fat pork patties containing L. japonica powder had significantly higher moisture, ash, carbohydrate content, yellowness, and springiness than the control sample (P<0.05). Protein and fat contents, energy value, lightness, redness, cooking loss, reduction in diameter, reduction in thickness, hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of the regular-fat (20%) control samples were significantly higher than reduced-fat pork patties containing L. japonica (P<0.05). The sensory evaluations indicated that the greatest overall acceptability in reduced-fat pork patties was attained at a L. japonica concentration of 1 or 3%. Pork patties with fat contents reduced from 20% to 10% and supplemented with 1 or 3% L. japonica had improved quality characteristics that were similar to the control patties containing a fat content of 20%.
Asunto(s)
Sustitutos de Grasa/química , Alimentos Fortificados/análisis , Laminaria/química , Productos de la Carne/análisis , Animales , Fenómenos Químicos , Culinaria , Dieta con Restricción de Grasas , Grasas de la Dieta/análisis , Fibras de la Dieta/análisis , Proteínas en la Dieta/análisis , Preferencias Alimentarias , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Pigmentación , Control de Calidad , República de Corea , Sensación , Sus scrofa , Agua/análisisRESUMEN
The technological effects of rice bran fiber on pork salt-soluble meat proteins in a model system were investigated. Rice bran fiber at levels of 0% (control), 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, and 2% was added at the same time as salt-soluble meat protein to maintain similar moisture levels in all samples. Samples with increasing amounts of added rice bran fiber had higher pH, yellowness, sarcoplasmic and total protein solubilities. The moisture content, myofibrillar protein solubility and water holding capacity were the highest in the treatments containing with 1% rice bran fiber. However, the lightness and redness, textural properties decreased with increasing rice bran fiber levels. SDS gel electrophoresis did not reveal any changes in proteins regardless different rice bran fiber levels. The apparent viscosity indicated that improvements in water holding capacity and decreased texture due to added rice bran fiber.
Asunto(s)
Fibras de la Dieta , Proteínas en la Dieta/análisis , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Productos de la Carne/análisis , Oryza/química , Cloruro de Sodio Dietético/análisis , Animales , Fenómenos Químicos , Color , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Modelos Lineales , Solubilidad , Porcinos , Viscosidad , Agua/análisisRESUMEN
This study aimed to evaluate the oxidative and color stability of cooked ground pork containing lotus leaf powder at 0.1 (LP1) and 0.5% (LP2) as well as barley leaf powder at 0.1 (BP1) and 0.5% (BP2) during refrigerated storage for 10 days. The oxidative stability of these powders was compared with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT). LP1 had higher a* and lower b* values than the control (-) over 4 days (p<0.05). The pH values of the ground pork samples made with addition of LP and BHT decreased until day 4 and then increased. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) values were lowest in LP2 on day 10 (p<0.05). The ground pork samples containing LP and BP had lower peroxide values (POVs) and conjugated dienes (CD) compared to the control (-).These results indicate that LP or BP can be incorporated into ground pork to effectively retard oxidation after cooking.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Color , Conservación de Alimentos/métodos , Hordeum , Carne/análisis , Nelumbo , Preparaciones de Plantas , Animales , Hidroxitolueno Butilado/farmacología , Culinaria , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Oxidación-Reducción , Peróxidos/análisis , Hojas de la Planta , Polvos , Refrigeración , Porcinos , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico/análisisRESUMEN
This study was conducted to determine the effects of various bamboo salts on meat batter. To accomplish this, three different batters were prepared and compared: CON, which was prepared with NaCl, BS-2, which was prepared with bamboo salt that was baked twice, BS-9, which was prepared with bamboo salt that was baked nine times. The pH of both the uncooked and cooked BS-2 and BS-9 was higher than that of the CON (P<0.05). The emulsion stability, cooking yield, water holding capacity (WHC) and apparent viscosity of BS-2 and BS-9 were higher than those of CON. The correlation coefficient between the viscosity value and WHC was high and positive (R(2)=0.672). The hardness of all treatments was significantly increased with increased cooking temperature (P<0.05). The hardness, gumminess and chewiness of CON were higher than that of BS-9 and BS-2. The overall acceptability score between CON and BS-9 was significantly different (P<0.05). The bamboo salts effectively improved the physicochemical properties of the meat batter.
Asunto(s)
Culinaria , Productos de la Carne/análisis , Sales (Química) , Sasa , Cloruro de Sodio Dietético , Animales , Emulsiones/química , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Porcinos , Viscosidad , AguaRESUMEN
The effects of reducing pork fat levels from 30% to 20% and partially substituting the pork fat with a mix of grape seed oil (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%) and 2% rice bran fiber were investigated based on chemical composition, cooking characteristics, physicochemical and textural properties, and viscosity of reduced-fat meat batters. For reduced-fat meat batters containing grape seed oil and rice bran fiber the moisture and ash contents, uncooked and cooked pH values, yellowness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and sarcoplasmic protein solubility were higher than in the control samples. The reduced-fat samples with increasing grape seed oil concentrations had lower cooking loss, emulsion stability, and apparent viscosity. The incorporation of grape seed oil and rice bran fiber successfully reduced the animal fat content in the final products while improving other characteristics.
Asunto(s)
Grasas de la Dieta/análisis , Fibras de la Dieta , Productos de la Carne/análisis , Oryza/química , Aceites de Plantas , Semillas/química , Vitis/química , Animales , Fenómenos Químicos , Dieta con Restricción de Grasas , Grasas de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Grasas de la Dieta/efectos adversos , Fibras de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Fibras de la Dieta/análisis , Proteínas en la Dieta/análisis , Emulsiones , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Calor/efectos adversos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Masculino , Productos de la Carne/efectos adversos , Pigmentación , Aceites de Plantas/administración & dosificación , Aceites de Plantas/análisis , Control de Calidad , Solubilidad , Sus scrofa , Factores de Tiempo , Viscosidad , Agua/análisisRESUMEN
The efficacy of varying concentration of mustard leaf kimchi ethanolic extracts (MK) in retarding oxidative rancidity was tested with raw ground pork. Freshly ground pork meat was assigned to one of the following five treatments: control (no antioxidants); AC-0.02 (0.02% ascorbic acid); MK-0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 (0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% MK, respectively). The pH of the samples decreased and the TBARS values and free fatty acids (%) increased considerably (P<0.05) during storage. The total bacterial count was lower in MK-0.1 and MK-0.2 than the control during storage. The internal L* value and a* value decreased (P<0.05) with the addition of MK. The internal b* value of MK treatments were higher (P<0.05) than that for the control and increased incrementally with MK concentration. The TBARS values and free fatty acids (%) of MK-0.02 was lowest among the treatments. The peroxide value of the control increased until 7 days and reached the maximum value at a certain storage time and decreased thereafter. In the other treatments it increased. All treatments had lower concentration of conjugated dienes (P<0.05) compared to the control sample, after the first day. Mustard leaf kimchi ethanolic extracts exhibited a protective effect against lipid oxidation in raw ground pork.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/farmacología , Ácidos Grasos no Esterificados/análisis , Conservación de Alimentos/métodos , Peroxidación de Lípido , Carne , Planta de la Mostaza , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacología , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Color , Microbiología de Alimentos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Carne/microbiología , Planta de la Mostaza/microbiología , Hojas de la Planta/microbiología , Refrigeración , Porcinos , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido TiobarbitúricoRESUMEN
The effects of substituting olive, grape seed, corn, canola, or soybean oil and rice bran fiber on the chemical composition, cooking characteristics, fatty acid composition, and sensory properties of low-fat frankfurters were investigated. Ten percent of the total fat content of frankfurters with a total fat content of 30% (control) was partially replaced by one of the vegetable oils to reduce the pork fat content by 10%. The moisture and ash content of low-fat frankfurters with vegetable oil and rice bran fiber were all higher than the control (P<0.05). Low-fat frankfurters had reduced-fat content, energy values, cholesterol and trans-fat levels, and increased pH, cooking yield and TBA values compared to the controls (P<0.05). Low-fat frankfurters with reduced-fat content plus rice bran fiber had sensory properties similar to control frankfurters containing pork fat.
Asunto(s)
Grasas de la Dieta/análisis , Fibras de la Dieta , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Productos de la Carne/análisis , Valor Nutritivo , Oryza/química , Aceites de Plantas , Animales , Colesterol/análisis , Color , Comportamiento del Consumidor , Culinaria , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Magnoliopsida , Productos de la Carne/normas , Semillas/química , Porcinos , Sustancias Reactivas al Ácido Tiobarbitúrico , Ácidos Grasos trans/análisis , AguaRESUMEN
The effects of vegetable oils prepared from olive, corn, soybean, canola, or grape seed, and rice bran fiber on the composition and rheological properties of meat batters were studied. Pork fat at 30% in the control was partially replaced by one of the vegetable oils at 10% in addition to reducing the pork fat to 10%. The chemical composition, cooking characteristics, texture properties, and viscosity of low-fat meat batters were analyzed. The moisture, protein, ash content, uncooked and cooked pH values, b(∗)-value, hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, and viscosity of meat batters with vegetable oil and rice bran fiber were all higher than the control. In addition, batters supplemented with vegetable oil and rice bran fiber had lower cooking loss and better emulsion stability. Low-fat meat batters with reduced pork fat content (10%) and 10% vegetable oil plus rice bran fiber had improved characteristics relative to the regular fat control.
RESUMEN
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pork/beef levels and the casings on the quality properties of semi-dried jerky. The pork/beef levels in the four test formulations were as follows: T-1 (pork: beef=100:0), T-2 (95:5), T-3 (90:10), and T-4 (80:20). After tumbling for 30min with curing solution, the cured meats were stuffed into natural sheep casings, collagen casings, or cellulose casings, and then dried. The restructured jerky with cellulose casing had the lowest water content and the highest protein content, with no significant differences between various formulations. There were no significant differences among all formulations with regard to pH and total microbial counts, and jerky with cellulose casing had the lowest value of water activity. The processing yields of jerky made from the T-3 formulation were not significantly different with the various casings. The shear force of jerky with cellulose casing was lower than with other casings, and the metmyoglobin contents were more than 85% in all formulations. With regard to sensory properties, jerky made with the T-3 formulation and cellulose casings rated most favorable in evaluations than other treatments.