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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the response to rituximab (RTX) as treatment for lupus nephritis (LN) in a Latin American Lupus cohort. METHODS: The medical records from LN patients from a single-center cohort spanning between January 2012 and December 2020 were reviewed. Demographic factors (age at diagnosis and baseline, gender), disease duration, previous and concomitant treatments, serum creatinine, and 24-hour proteinuria (24-HP) levels at baseline, and 6th and 12th months were obtained. Complete response (CR) or responder status was defined according to the LUNAR, AURORA-1, and BLISS-LN trials. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients received RTX as induction treatment; 32 (88.9%) were women. Their age at baseline and disease duration were 32.6 (11.7) and 7.6 (6.5) years, respectively. The time between renal biopsy and RTX use was 2.64 (4.41) years. At baseline, serum creatinine and 24-HP levels were 1.5 (1.5) mg/dL and 3.4 (2.8) g, respectively. At months 6 and 12, serum creatinine levels were 1.6 (1.6) and 1.6 (1.5) mg/dL, and 24-HP were 2.2 (2.2) and 1.6 (1.5) g, respectively. According to LUNAR and AURORA-1 criteria, CR at 6th and 12th months were 6/34 (17.6%) and 8/30 (26.7%) and 6/34 (17.6%) and 7/31 (22.6%) patients, respectively. According to BLISS-LN criteria, responders at 6th and 12th months were 9/34 (26.5%) and 10/31 (32.3%) patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: CR and responder status were reached in less than one third of LN patients treated with RTX, regardless of the criteria used to define them. However, serum creatinine levels did not increase, and there was a decrease in proteinuria levels during the follow-up.
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Nefritis Lúpica , Rituximab , Humanos , Nefritis Lúpica/tratamiento farmacológico , Nefritis Lúpica/diagnóstico , Rituximab/uso terapéutico , Rituximab/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Perú/epidemiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Creatinina/sangre , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios de Cohortes , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Clinical remission is the goal in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management; however, this can be difficult to achieve in several parts of the world. Our objective was to determine predictors of remission and remission/low disease activity (LDA) in RA. METHODS: A longitudinal real-setting RA cohort was followed up (January 2016-2020). Predictors examined were sex, age at diagnosis, disease duration, socioeconomic status, tobacco use, rheumatoid factor titer, comorbidities (Charlson index), Simple Disease Activity Index (SDAI) score, disability (Multidimensional Disease Health Assessment Questionnaire), health-related quality of life (Short Form-36 questionnaire), glucocorticoid dose, biological/target synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and conventional DMARD (c-DMARD) use. Univariable and multivariable generalized estimating equation models were done to determine predictors of remission (at a given visit) and sustained remission (2 consecutives visits), using the SDAI definition (0 or <3.3). Similarly, remission/LDA (SDAI <11) predictors were examined. RESULTS: Five hundred thirty RA patients included the following: 160 patients (30.2%) achieved remission in at least 1 visit, and 126 patients (23.77%) achieved sustained remission. On the multivariable analysis glucocorticoid dose (odds ratio [OR], 1.060; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.027-1.094; p = 0.004) and current (OR, 2.293; 95% CI, 1.811-2.903; p < 0.001) or past (OR, 1.383; 95% CI, 1.127-1.698; p = 0.002) use of c-DMARDs predicted remission/LDA in at least 1 visit, whereas the SDAI (OR, 0.951; 95% CI, 0.942-0.959; p < 0.001), Multidimensional Disease Health Assessment Questionnaire (OR, 0.648; 95% CI, 0.549-0.764; p < 0.001), and age at diagnosis (OR, 0.994; 95% CI, 0.990-0.998; p = 0.004) were negative predictors. As to sustained remission/LDA, current (OR, 2.012; 95% CI, 1.458-2.776: p < 0.001) or past (OR, 1.517; 95% CI, 1.155-1.993; p = 0.003) use of c-DMARDs, having a better Short Form-36 questionnaire physical component summary (OR, 1.022; 95% CI, 1.014-1.029; p < 0.001), and older age at diagnosis (OR, 1.013; 95% CI, 1.003-1.022; p = 0.008) predicted it, whereas SDAI (OR, 0.949; 95% CI, 0.933-0.965; p < 0.001) and medium low/low socioeconomic status (OR, 0.674; 95% CI, 0.500-0.909; p = 0.010) were negative predictors. CONCLUSION: During follow-up of this real-world RA cohort, c-DMARD use predicted remission and remission/LDA. In contrast, disease activity was a negative predictor.
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Antirreumáticos , Artritis Reumatoide , Humanos , Inducción de Remisión , Estudios de Seguimiento , Calidad de Vida , Glucocorticoides/uso terapéutico , Perú/epidemiología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Artritis Reumatoide/diagnóstico , Artritis Reumatoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Artritis Reumatoide/epidemiología , Antirreumáticos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the care model (comprehensive vs regular) has any impact on the clinical outcomes of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. METHODS: Between August 2019 and January 2020, we evaluated SLE patients being cared for at two Peruvian hospitals to define the impact of care model on disease activity state and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Disease activity was ascertained with the SLEDAI-2K and the Physician Global Assessment (PGA) which allows to define Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS) and Remission. HRQoL was measured with the LupusQoL. The association between care model and disease activity (Remission and LLDAS) state was examined using a binary logistic regression model. The association with HRQoL was examined with a linear regression model. All multivariable analyses were adjusted for possible confounders. RESULTS: 266 SLE patients were included, 227 from the comprehensive care model and 39 from the regular care model. The regular care model was associated with a lower probability of achieving remission (OR 0.381; CI: 95% 0.163-0.887) and LLDAS (OR 0.363; CI: 95% 0.157-0.835). Regular care was associated with a better HRQoL in two domains (pain and emotional health). We found no association between the care model and the other HRQoL domains. CONCLUSION: A comprehensive care model was associated with the probability of achieving remission and LLDAS but had no apparent impact on the patients' HRQoL.
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Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Modelos Lineales , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/terapia , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
AIM: To validate the new classification criteria for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in a real-life Peruvian cohort of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis patients. METHODS: We reviewed medical records from a Peruvian tertiary care center from January 1990 to December 2019. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis was diagnosed based on the 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria, the 2012 Chapel Hill Consensus Conference definitions, the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) algorithm, and the clinical acumen of the treating rheumatologists. We classified all patients using the "former criteria" (the 1990 ACR criteria for granulomatosis with polyangiitis [GPA] and eosinophilic GPA [EGPA] and the 1994 Chapel Hill Consensus Conference definition for microscopic polyangiitis [MPA]), the EMEA algorithm, and the "new criteria" (the 2017 ACR/European League Against Rheumatism Provisional Criteria). The level of agreement (using Cohen κ) was calculated using the clinical diagnosis as the criterion standard. RESULTS: We identified 212 patients, 12 of whom were excluded. One hundred fifty-four (77%) had MPA, 41 (20.5%) GPA, and 5 (2.5%) EGPA. The new criteria performed well for MPA (κ = 0.713) and EGPA (κ = 0.659), whereas the EMEA algorithm performed well for GPA (κ = 0.938). In the overall population, the new criteria showed better agreement (κ = 0.653) than the EMEA algorithm (κ = 0.506) and the former criteria (κ = 0.305). CONCLUSIONS: The 2017 ACR/European League Against Rheumatism Provisional Criteria showed better agreement for the clinical diagnosis of all the patients overall and had the best performance for MPA and EGPA. The EMEA algorithm had the best performance for GPA.
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Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis , Enfermedades Reumáticas , Reumatología , Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos/diagnóstico , Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos/tratamiento farmacológico , Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos/epidemiología , Anticuerpos Anticitoplasma de Neutrófilos , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis/diagnóstico , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis/epidemiología , Humanos , Perú/epidemiología , Enfermedades Reumáticas/complicaciones , Enfermedades Reumáticas/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Reumáticas/epidemiología , Centros de Atención Terciaria , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The identification of risk factors for COVID-19 adverse course in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) is of the utmost importance when approaching patient management; however, data are scarce in relation to the Latin American population. The objective of this study was to determine predictors of hospitalization for COVID-19 patients from an ARD community cohort. METHODS: A real setting longitudinal study (March to November 2020) in an ARD community cohort was carried out. Potential predictors of hospitalization for COVID-19 examined included (1) sociodemographic variables (age, gender, education, tobacco use, socioeconomic status, and co-inhabitants), (2) comorbidities, (3) time to COVID-19 diagnosis, and (4) ARD's features: clinical (disease type, disease duration, activity), treatment [corticosteroids use/doses, use of synthetic DMARDs (cDMARDs, tsDMARDs, and bDMARDs)], treatment schedule and non-adherence, and the Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ). Univariable and multivariable regression analysis were conducted; OR and 95% CI (p < 0.05) were determined. RESULTS: One thousand and one hundred forty-eight patients with ARDs were included; 154 had COVID-19; of these 139 (90.3%) were women, aged 52.5 (13.7) years; 33.1% had hypertension and 61.0% an affected organ by ARD. Infection was detected 8.4 (10.1) days after symptoms started; there were 33 hospitalized patients (rate 21.4%). Predictors of hospitalization by multivariable analysis were age (OR: 1.06; CI: 1.01-1.10; p: 0.01), comorbidities: hypertension (OR: 3.95; 95% CI: 1.40-10.95, p: 0.01) and neoplasm (OR: 9.0; 95% CI: 1.6-52.3; p: 0.01), number of organs involved by ARD (OR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.16-4.41; p: 0.02), and infection diagnosis delay (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.03-1.80; p: 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In our ARD patients with COVID-19, older age, comorbidities (neoplasm and hypertension), and a delay in COVID-19 diagnosis were predictors of hospitalization. The only ARD-associated predictor feature was the number of organs involved. Key Points ⢠Patients with ARD and COVID-19 have an adverse course in comparison to the general population. ⢠Previous predictors of COVID-19 hospitalization, including known risk factors (such as older age and comorbidities) and systemic manifestations, should be taken into account in the management of these patients. ⢠Delayed diagnosis of COVID-19 impacts negatively on prognosis. ⢠Availability of diagnostic tests is of utmost importance.
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Enfermedades Autoinmunes , COVID-19 , Enfermedades Reumáticas , Anciano , Prueba de COVID-19 , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hospitalización , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Enfermedades Reumáticas/complicaciones , Enfermedades Reumáticas/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
AIM: The aim of this study was to identify the demographic and clinical features of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAVs) in a Peruvian tertiary referral hospital. METHODS: Medical records of patients with AAV according to classification criteria or diagnosed by an experienced rheumatologist, and covering the period between January 1990 and December 2019, were reviewed. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), and renal-limited vasculitis (RLV) were included. Demographic factors (age at diagnosis, sex), disease duration, clinical manifestations (per organ involvement), creatinine level at diagnosis (milligram per deciliter), ANCA status, diagnosis, 2009 Five Factor Score, disease categorization, and treatment were recorded. RESULTS: Two hundred twelve patients were included. Their female-to-male ratio was 1.9:1 (139 [65.6%]/73 [34.4%]), and their mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 59.2 (12.5) years. One hundred fifty-eight patients (74.5%) had MPA, 42 (19.8%) GPA, 7 (3.3%) RLV, and 5 (2.4%) EGPA. Neurological, lung, and renal involvements were the most frequently affected systems. Myeloperoxidase preferentially occurred in MPA (82.5%), whereas proteinase 3 did occur in GPA (79.5%). Microscopic polyangiitis patients were older (61.1 [11.5] years). Female sex predominated in MPA and RLV (2.4:1 and 6:1, respectively), but the opposite was the case for EGPA (1:4). Ear-nose-throat and ocular involvement were more frequent in GPA (both p's < 0.001), and neurological and cardiovascular involvement were more frequent in EGPA (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the largest series of AAV patients in Latin America. Overall, female sex predominated. Microscopic polyangiitis was the most frequent AAV, and myeloperoxidase-ANCA was the most frequent antibody in Peruvian AAV population.
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Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos , Síndrome de Churg-Strauss , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis , Poliangitis Microscópica , Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos/diagnóstico , Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos/epidemiología , Anticuerpos Anticitoplasma de Neutrófilos , Síndrome de Churg-Strauss/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Churg-Strauss/epidemiología , Demografía , Femenino , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis/diagnóstico , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Poliangitis Microscópica/diagnóstico , Poliangitis Microscópica/epidemiología , Perú/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
AIM: The aim of this study was to identify demographic and clinical risk factors for mortality in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitides (AAVs) in a Peruvian tertiary referral hospital. METHODS: Medical records of patients with AAV according to classification criteria or diagnosed by an experienced rheumatologist, covering the period between January 1990 and December 2018, were reviewed. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and renal-limited vasculitis were included. Potential predictors of mortality were demographic factors, clinical manifestations, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies status, diagnosis, disease categorization, the 2009 Five Factor Score (FFS), and treatment. Cox regression models were used to determine the risk factors for mortality. Univariable and multivariable analyses using a backward selection method were performed. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-six patients were included; female-to-male ratio was 2:1. The median (interquartile range) age at diagnosis and follow-up were 60.0 (51.0-68.0) and 4.8 (1.3-11.6) years, respectively. One hundred forty-eight patients (75.5%) had microscopic polyangiitis, 37 (18.9%) granulomatosis with polyangiitis, 5 (2.6%) eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and 6 (3.0%) renal-limited vasculitis. Overall survival rates at 1, 5, and 10 years were 83.4%, 68.2%, and 51.7%, respectively. Ocular involvement was protective (hazards ratio [HR], 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17-0.74; p = 0.006), whereas renal (HR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.33-3.28; p = 0.001) and lung involvement (HR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.31-3.28; p = 0.002) and the 2009 FFSs were predictive of mortality (2009 FFS = 1: HR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.50-4.04; p < 0.001; 2009 FFS = 2: HR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.54-6.10; p = 0.001; 2009 FFS = 3: HR, 13.29; 95% CI, 3.69-47.88; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Ocular involvement was protective, whereas 2009 FFS ≥ 1 and renal and lung involvement were predictive factors of mortality in Peruvian AAV patients.
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Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos , Síndrome de Churg-Strauss , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis , Poliangitis Microscópica , Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos/diagnóstico , Vasculitis Asociada a Anticuerpos Citoplasmáticos Antineutrófilos/epidemiología , Femenino , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis/diagnóstico , Granulomatosis con Poliangitis/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Poliangitis Microscópica/diagnóstico , Poliangitis Microscópica/epidemiología , Perú/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To define the factors associated with fatigue in Mestizo patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of SLE patients from a single center cohort. Visits were performed every six months. For these analyses, the first visit between October 2017 and December 2018 was included. Demographic and clinical characteristics as well as treatment were recorded at every visit. Fatigue was ascertained with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-FT), Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) with the LupusQoL, disease activity with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index -2 K (SLEDAI-2K), and damage with the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC)/American College of Rheumatology damage index (SDI). Prednisone use was recorded as current daily dose. Immunosuppressive drugs and antimalarial use were recorded as current, past or never. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed using linear regression models. For the multivariable analyses, model selection followed a backward elimination procedure. RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-six patients were evaluated. The mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 35.6 (13.1) years, 211 (93.4%) were female; and disease duration was 11.0 (7.3) years. The mean SLEDAI and SDI were 2.4 (3.5) and 1.3 (1.5), respectively. The mean FACIT-FT was 33.1 (10.8). On the multivariable analysis, age at diagnosis and some domains of HRQoL (physical health, emotional health and fatigue) remained associated. CONCLUSIONS: Age at diagnosis is negatively associated with fatigue whereas HRQoL domains like physical health, emotional health and fatigue are positively associated with fatigue.
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Etnicidad/psicología , Fatiga/psicología , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/psicología , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Antimaláricos/uso terapéutico , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Fatiga/complicaciones , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Modelos Lineales , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/complicaciones , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/tratamiento farmacológico , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/etnología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Perú/etnología , Prednisona/uso terapéutico , Factores Sexuales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare patient and physician (MD) assessment of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2016 and December 2017 at 2 Peruvian hospitals. One group assessed disease activity using a visual analog scale (VAS, 0-100 mm) and the other one using a numerical rating scale (NRS, 0-4), before and after their MD's visit. MDs assessed it with the Mexican Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity (Mex-SLEDAI) (0-32) and with the SLICC/ACR Damage Index (SDI) for damage. Health-related quality of life was ascertained with the LupusQoL. Visual analog scale and NRS were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the correlation between disease activity as assessed by the patient and the Mex-SLEDAI, SDI, and LupusQoL with the Spearman rank correlation. RESULTS: Two hundred forty patients were included; mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 34.9 (12.9) years; most patients were Mestizo. Disease duration was 10.1 (7.0) years. The Mex-SLEDAI was 1.9 (2.7) and the SDI 1.2 (1.5). Disease activity as assessed by the patient, either by VAS or NRS, did not correlate with the Mex-SLEDAI or the SDI. In contrast, patient assessment of disease activity, by VAS or NRS, significantly correlated with several components of the LupusQoL (physical health, pain, planning, emotional health, and fatigue). CONCLUSIONS: Physician's and patient's assessments of disease activity are discrepant; overall, patients score higher than their MDs. Patients score how they perceive the disease is affecting them, rather than disease activity per se. The VAS could be more useful than the NRS as a measurement of disease activity.
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Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico , Médicos , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/diagnóstico , México/epidemiología , Percepción , Calidad de Vida , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine if low disease activity state (LDAS)/remission predicts a better health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus from a single center and having completed at least 2 visits were included. Visits were performed every 6 months. HRQoL was measured with the LupusQoL questionnaire. The definition of remission included a Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) score of 0, prednisone daily dosage of ≤5 mg/day, and immunosuppressive drugs on maintenance dose. LDAS was defined as a SLEDAI-2K score of ≤4, prednisone daily dosage of ≤7.5 mg/day, and immunosuppressive drugs as maintenance therapy. For these analyses, remission and LDAS were combined as one variable. Generalized estimating equations were calculated, using as the outcome 1 of each of the 8 components of the LupusQoL questionnaire in the subsequent visit and the activity state in the previous visit. Multivariable models were adjusted for possible confounders. RESULTS: A total of 243 patients were included. During the follow-up, 590 visits (61.6%) were categorized as LDAS/remission. LDAS/remission predicted a better HRQoL in the components of physical health (B = 4.17 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.20, 7.14]; P = 0.006), pain (B = 6.47 [95% CI 3.18, 9.76]; P < 0.001), planning (B = 4.97 [95% CI 1.43, 8.52]; P = 0.006), burden to others (B = 4.12 [95% CI 0.24, 8.01]; P = 0.037], emotional health (B = 4.50 [95% CI 1.56, 7.44]; P = 0.003), and fatigue (B = 3.25 [95% CI 0.04, 6.47]; P = 0.048). CONCLUSION: Being in LDAS/remission predicts a better HRQoL, especially in the components of physical health, pain, planning, burden to others, emotional health, and fatigue.
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Etnicidad/psicología , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/psicología , Calidad de Vida , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/tratamiento farmacológico , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/etnología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Perú/etnología , Prednisona/uso terapéutico , Inducción de Remisión , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The original version of this article, unfortunately, contained an error. The first and family name of Loreto Massardo was interchanged and is now presented correctly in this article.
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OBJECTIVES: To identify baseline predictors of remission and low disease activity (LDA) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from the GLADAR (Grupo Latino Americano De estudio de la Artritis Reumatoide) cohort. METHODS: Patients with 1- and 2-year follow-up visits were included. Remission and LDA were defined by DAS28-ESR (< 2.6 and ≤ 3.2, respectively). Baseline predictors examined were gender, ethnicity, age at diagnosis, socioeconomic status, symptoms' duration, DMARDs, RF, thrombocytosis, anemia, morning stiffness, DAS28-ESR (and its components), HAQ-DI, DMARDs and corticosteroid use, and Sharp-VDH score. Multivariable binary logistic regression models (excluding DAS28-ESR components to avoid over adjustment) were derived using a backward selection method (α-level set at 0.05). RESULTS: Four hundred ninety-eight patients were included. Remission and LDA/remission were met by 19.3% and 32.5% at the 1-year visit, respectively. For the 280 patients followed for 2 years, these outcomes were met by 24.3% and 38.9%, respectively. Predictors of remission at 1 year were a lower DAS28-ESR (OR 1.17; CI 1.07-1.27; p = 0.001) and HAQ-DI (OR 1.48; CI 1.04-2.10; p = 0.028). At 2 years, only DAS28-ESR (OR 1.40; CI 1.17-1.6; p < 0.001) was a predictor. Predictors of LDA/remission at 1 year were DAS28-ESR (OR 1.42; CI 1.26-1.61; p < 0.001), non-use of corticosteroid (OR 1.74; CI 1.11-2.44; p = 0.008), and male gender (OR 1.77; CI 1.2-2.63; p = 0.036). A lower baseline DAS28-ESR (OR 1.45; CI 1.23-1.70; p < 0.001) was the only predictor of LDA/remission at 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: A lower disease activity consistently predicted remission and LDA/remission at 1 and 2 years of follow-up in early RA patients from the GLADAR cohort. Key Points ⢠In patients with early RA, a lower disease activity at first visit is a strong clinical predictor of achieving remission and LDA subsequently. ⢠Other clinical predictors of remission and LDA to keep in mind in these patients are male gender, non-use of corticosteroids and low disability at baseline. ⢠Not using corticosteroids at first visit is associated with a lower disease activity and predicts LDA/remission at 1 year in these patients.
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Artritis Reumatoide/terapia , Inducción de Remisión , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Antirreumáticos/uso terapéutico , Artritis Reumatoide/etnología , Femenino , Humanos , América Latina , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis de Regresión , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The affiliations of Manuel F. Ugarte-Gil, one of the author of the above article has a discrepancy between the online version of the publisher's internet portal ( Springerlink.com ) and the online pdf version.
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OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of homocysteine levels on damage accrual in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. METHODS: This longitudinal study was conducted in consecutive patients seen every 6 months at our Rheumatology Department since 2012. Patients with available homocysteine levels and who had at least one subsequent visit were included. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were done to determine if homocysteine levels were predictive of damage accrual as per the SLICC Damage Index (SDI). The multivariable model was adjusted for pertinent variables (age at diagnosis, gender, socioeconomic status, disease duration, disease activity (SLEDAI), Framingham score, antimalarial and immunosuppressive drug use, average daily dose, and exposure time to prednisone (PDN)). RESULTS: One hundred forty-five patients were included; their mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 43.70 (12.09) years, 136 (93.8%) were female, and nearly all were Mestizo. At baseline, disease duration was 7.55 (6.73) years; patients were followed for 3.54 (1.27) years. The SLEDAI was 5.60 (4.34), and the SDI 0.97 (1.35). The average daily PDN dose was 7.30 (5.78) mg/day and the time of PDN exposure was 7.36 (6.73) years. Mean homocysteine levels were 10.07 (3.71) µmol/L. The highest tertile of homocysteine levels predicted new damage accrual in the univariable and multivariable models [HR 1.78 (95% CI, 1.042-3.039); p = 0.035 and HR 2.045 (95% CI, 1.077-3.883); p = 0.029, respectively]. Increased levels (> 15 µmol/L) were found in 12 (8.3%) patients; 75 (51.7%) patients increased ≥ 1 SDI point. CONCLUSION: In SLE patients, homocysteine levels predicted damage accrual independently of other well-known risk factors for such occurrence.
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Homocisteína/sangre , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/sangre , Adulto , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Estudios Longitudinales , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/diagnóstico , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Perú , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Clase SocialRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the CD4+CD28null T-cells subpopulation predicts the occurrence of damage in SLE. METHODS: This longitudinal study was conducted in consecutive SLE patients seen every six months in our Rheumatology Department since 2012. Patients in whom CD4+CD28null T-cells had been measured and who had at least one subsequent visit were included in the study. Survival analyses (univariable and multivariable Cox-regression models) were performed to determine the risk of overall and domain damage (as per the SLICC Damage Index - SDI) as a function of the frequency of this T-cell subpopulation. The multivariable model was adjusted for pertinent confounders. All analyses were performed using SPSS 21.0. RESULTS: One hundred and nineteen patients were evaluated; their mean (SD) age was 43.5 (11.9) years, 113 (95.0%) were female. Disease duration was 7.8 (7.0) years, the SLEDAI 5.3 (4.1) and the SDI 1.0 (1.4). The percentage of CD4+CD28null T-cells was 17.4 (14.0). The mean follow-up was 2.1 (0.8) years, and the mean number of visits per patient 3.5 (1.1). Forty-six (38.7%) patients increase at least one SDI point. In the univariable and multivariable analyses, the percentage of CD4+CD28null predicted the occurrence of lung damage [HR: 1.042 (CI95%: 1.001-1.085); p=0.047 and HR: 1.099 (CI95%1.020-1.184); p=0.013, respectively] but neither the total SDI score nor all other SDI domain scores were predicted by the percentage of CD4+CD28null cells. CONCLUSIONS: In SLE patients, CD4+CD28null T-cells predict the occurrence of new lung damage, independently of other risk factors but not of overall damage or damage on other domains.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos CD28/inmunología , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos/inmunología , Pulmón/inmunología , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/inmunología , Adulto , Antimaláricos/uso terapéutico , Antígenos CD28/sangre , Antígenos CD28/deficiencia , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos T CD4-Positivos/metabolismo , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Estudios Longitudinales , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Pulmón/metabolismo , Pulmón/patología , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/sangre , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/diagnóstico , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/tratamiento farmacológico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Perú , Pronóstico , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
This study aims to determine whether uric acid levels contribute to new renal damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. This prospective study was conducted in consecutive patients seen since 2012. Patients had a baseline visit and follow-up visits every 6 months. Patients with ≥2 visits were included; those with end-stage renal disease (regardless of dialysis or transplantation) were excluded. Renal damage was ascertained using the SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI). Univariable and multivariable Cox-regression models were performed to determine the risk of new renal damage. Uric acid was included as a continuous and dichotomous (per receiving operating characteristic curve) variable. Multivariable models were adjusted for age at diagnosis, disease duration, socioeconomic status, SLEDAI, SDI, serum creatinine, baseline use of prednisone, antimalarials, and immunosuppressive drugs. One hundred and eighty-six patients were evaluated; their mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 36.8 (13.7) years; nearly all patients were mestizo. Disease duration was 7.7 (6.8) years. Follow-up time was 2.3 (1.1) years. The SLEDAI was 5.2 (4.3) and the SDI 0.8 (1.1). Uric acid levels were 4.5 (1.3) mg/dl. During follow-up, 16 (8.6%) patients developed at least one new point in the renal domain of the SDI. In multivariable analyses, uric acid levels (continuous and dichotomous) at baseline predicted the development of new renal damage (HR 3.21 (1.39-7.42), p 0.006; HR 18.28 (2.80-119.48), p 0.002; respectively). Higher uric acid levels contribute to the development of new renal damage in SLE patients independent of other well-known risk factors for such occurrence.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Renales/diagnóstico , Riñón/fisiopatología , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/sangre , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/complicaciones , Ácido Úrico/sangre , Adulto , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Estudios Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether the proportions of naive and memory CD4(+) T cell are independently associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with SLE. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in SLE patients seen at our rheumatology department between September 2013 and April 2014. CD4(+) T cell subpopulations were examined by flow cytometry. The association of MetS and CD4(+) T cell subpopulations was examined by Mann-Whitney U-test and by multivariable analysis, adjusting for all possible confounding variables. RESULTS: One hundred and seventeen patients were evaluated. Their mean age was 44.6 years (S.D. 12.6), 109 (93.2%) were female and all patients were Mestizo (mixed Caucasian and Amerindian ancestry). Fifty-two patients (44.4%) presented with MetS. Disease duration was 7.6 years (S.D. 6.8). The percentage of naive CD4(+) T cells was 25.0 (S.D. 12.7) and memory CD4(+) T cells was 66.7 (S.D. 13.2) and the memory:naive CD4(+) T cell ratio was 4.3 (S.D. 5.6). In multivariable analysis, the percentage of naive CD4(+) T cells was negatively associated with the presence of MetS [odds ratio (OR) 0.959 (95% CI 0.923, 0.997), P = 0.033], whereas the percentage of memory CD4(+)T cells and the memory:naive CD4(+) T cell ratio were positively associated with its presence [OR 1.040 (95% CI 1.003, 1.078), P = 0.031 and OR 1.238 (95% CI 1.041, 1.472), P = 0.016, respectively]. CONCLUSION: In the SLE patients studied, a lower percentage of naive CD4(+) T cells, a higher percentage of memory CD4(+) T cells and the memory:naive CD4(+) T cell ratio were independently associated with the presence of MetS. This association could reflect the impact of immunosenescence among SLE patients with cardiovascular morbidity.