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Cancer therapy is facing increasingly significant challenges, marked by a wide range of techniques and research efforts centered around somatic mutations, precision oncology, and the vast amount of big data. Despite this abundance of information, the quest to cure cancer often seems more elusive, with the "war on cancer" yet to deliver a definitive victory. A particularly pressing issue is the development of tumor treatment resistance, highlighting the urgent need for innovative approaches. Evolutionary, Quantum Biology and System Biology offer a promising framework for advancing experimental cancer research. By integrating theoretical studies, translational methods, and flexible multidisciplinary clinical research, there's potential to enhance current treatment strategies and improve outcomes for cancer patients. Establishing stronger links between evolutionary, quantum, entropy and chaos principles and oncology could lead to more effective treatments that leverage an understanding of the tumor's evolutionary dynamics, paving the way for novel methods to control and mitigate cancer. Achieving these objectives necessitates a commitment to multidisciplinary and interprofessional collaboration at the heart of both research and clinical endeavors in oncology. This entails dismantling silos between disciplines, encouraging open communication and data sharing, and integrating diverse viewpoints and expertise from the outset of research projects. Being receptive to new scientific discoveries and responsive to how patients react to treatments is also crucial. Such strategies are key to keeping the field of oncology at the forefront of effective cancer management, ensuring patients receive the most personalized and effective care. Ultimately, this approach aims to push the boundaries of cancer understanding, treating it as a manageable chronic condition, aiming to extend life expectancy and enhance patient quality of life.

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The World Federation of Public Health Associations (WFPHA) has introduced a maternal oral health framework and launched its Global Maternal and Child Oral Health Initiative, advocating for maternal and child health as a strategic entry point for oral health to be integrated into primary healthcare systems. This article delves into maternal oral health initiatives in South Africa, Brazil, and Indonesia, exploring challenges and proposing context-specific solutions aligned with the WFPHA maternal oral health framework and its Global Maternal and Child Oral Health Initiative. The apartheid legacy in South Africa has led to the gross health inequalities, including oral health disparities characterized by maldistribution of dental facilities and dental professionals in the public sector. The proposed objectives focus on effective leadership, human resource capacity building, and integration of maternal and child oral health policy into existing health policies. Brazil faces challenges in reaching pregnant women, especially pregnant teens, due to workforce shortages. Brazil's Oral Health National Program mandates all pregnant women undergo at least one dental appointment, but a shortage of oral health teams persists and impedes timely access to dental care during pregnancy. Dental students' outreach to vulnerable pregnant teens can enhance the future oral health workforce's sensitivity to maternal oral health matters. In Indonesia, the Antenatal Care Innovative (iANC) Project has introduced a co-training model for midwives and oral health professionals addressing oral health needs of mothers and their spouses and fostering a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between oral health and maternal well-being. These country cases demonstrate the importance of tailored policies, health promotion, and care delivery interventions in maternal oral health. All cases highlight the importance of workforce training and distribution, fostering cross-disciplinary collaboration and future oral health workforce who can promote health beyond treatment delivery.

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Introduction: Providing conventional, restorative dental care to children with special healthcare needs (CSHCN) often requires sedation using general anesthesia. Saliva consistency, diet, and oral hygiene practice are different for CSHCN, and limited evidence is available on the efficacy of silver fluoride (SF) for the management of carious lesions for this vulnerable population. Methods: Parents of CSHCN were educated about silver fluoride as a treatment option for caries. In total, 550 carious lesions from 100 participants were identified and scored according to the Nyvad Caries criteria. A total of 100 lesions with Nyvad scores 1, 2, and 3 were treated with a single application of silver fluoride and observed postoperatively at 1, 3, and 6 weeks. Result: The results indicate statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences in lesion remineralization over the 6-week follow-up period. At the 6-week follow-up, more than 85% of all lesions were remineralized across all children, regardless of condition or original Nyvad score of 1, 2, or 3. Conclusion: A single application of silver fluoride has demonstrated effectiveness in remineralization and inactivation of carious lesions over 6 weeks among Brazilian CSHCN. Silver fluoride should be considered an option for the management of carious lesions among CSHCN. Further studies are recommended, including larger sample sizes, longer follow-up times, a second application of SF, and different special needs conditions.

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Abstract Objective: To analyze the existing state legislation, including not only the ordinary laws, but also their infralegal regulation and the state legislation on Hospital Dentistry. Material and Methods: A survey was carried out in the databases of the Legislative Assemblies of the Brazilian States and the Federal District, as well as the Regional and Federal Councils of Dentistry in Brazil. Subsequently, a survey was carried out in the databases of the Ministry of Health, State Dental Councils and Federal Dental Council in Brazil. Results: Only 8 Brazilian states have legislation in force regarding hospital dentistry, which represents 29.63% of the federative units. Among the Brazilian regions, the Midwest presented the highest prevalence of the laws found (37.50%), followed by the North (25%) and the other regions with the same coverage (12.50%). Also, an orientation and an ordinance from the Ministry of Health, six resolutions from the Federal Council of Dentistry, and a technical note from the National Health Surveillance Agency were found. Conclusion: Several States do not have rules on the subject, making it imperative to create a federal rule that not only imposes the presence of the dentist, but also regulates the proportion of the team, workload, and availability.

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OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the preventive effect of a chitosan gel containing CaneCPI-5 against enamel erosion and erosion + abrasion in situ. METHODS: Sixteen volunteers participated in a crossover, double-blind protocol, comprising 4 phases: (1) no treatment (Nt); (2) chitosan gel (Cg); (3) chitosan gel + 12,300 ppm NaF (Cg + NaF); and (4) chitosan gel + 0.1 mg/mL CaneCPI-5 (Cg + Cane). Volunteers wore an appliance containing 4 specimens. Once/day, they applied the gel (except for Nt) (4 min/specimen). Erosive challenges were performed extra-orally (0.1% citric acid, 90 s, 4 × /day; ERO). Specimens were also abraded (toothbrush, 15 s/specimen, 2 × /day; ERO + ABR). Enamel wear was assessed by profilometry and relative surface reflection intensity (%SRI). Two-way RM-ANOVA/Sidak's tests and Spearman's correlation were used (p < 0.05). RESULTS: For profilometry, ERO + ABR promoted significantly greater wear when compared with ERO. There was a significant difference among all treatments. The lowest enamel loss occurred for Cg + Cane, followed by Cg + NaF, Cg, and Nt (p < 0.05). The %SRI was significantly lower for ERO + ABR when compared to ERO, only for the Nt group. The greatest %SRI was found for the Cg + NaF and Cg + Cane groups, which did not differ significantly, regardless of the conditions. The lowest %SRI was found for the Nt and Cg groups, which did not differ from each other, regardless of the conditions. The Nt group did not differ significantly from the Cg + NaF (ERO). There was a significant correlation between both analyses. CONCLUSION: The incorporation of CaneCPI-5 in the chitosan gel prevented erosive wear in situ. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These results open a new perspective for the use of CaneCPI-5 in other application vehicles, such as chitosan gel.

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Increasing rates of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) (obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dental caries) are positively associated with the consumption of added sugars, particularly in sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). Governments worldwide have implemented SSB taxes to reduce the consumption of sugars added to beverages to reduce the prevalence of NCDs. There is a tax on manufactured products, including SSBs in Brazil. However, in 2016 and 2018, the Brazilian federal government decreased the tax rate, bucking global trends. The SSB industry has criticised such policies, and current tax levels are too low to reduce consumption sufficiently to prevent harm. Research supports positive public health impact potential for a higher SSB tax in Brazil. Sharing experience among countries and complementary policies (nutrition education and front of pack labelling) could increase the positive impacts of an SSB tax. We describe the history of SSB taxes in Brazil and the rationale it provides for specific SSB taxes across the country.

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The aim of this randomized double-blinded study was to evaluate the enamel surface roughness and color change after one month of whitening toothpaste use and the color stability obtained 1 month after its interruption. 30 volunteers were divided into 3 groups (n = 10) corresponding to the dentifrices: 1) Colgate Total 12 Clean Mint (TD) (Control), 2) Colgate Luminous White (LW) and 3) Sensodyne Whitening Extra Fresh (SB). The volunteers were impression with addition silicone to obtain an epoxy resin replica of the upper central incisor for the initial surface roughness evaluation using a profilometer and the initial color of the incisors and canines was evaluated with a spectrophotometer after one week of wash-out. After 1 month, the color of the central incisors and canines was measured again, and the volunteers were molded to obtain a second replica to the final roughness analysis. Data were submitted to ANOVA-one way (p≤0.05). The results showed that there was no statistical difference between the dentifrices for color difference and surface roughness for all the studied conditions. It was possible to conclude that the whitening dentifrices used in this study were not able to alter the initial color of the teeth and did not cause changes in the surface roughness of enamel.

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To evaluate the effect of ellagic acid on the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase by analyzing the quality of the adhesive interface with bond strength measures in periods of 24 hours and six months of storage. Method: 40 healthy human third molars were prepared with class I cavities (5x4x3mm). The teeth were divided into four experimental groups: Group 1- without application of ellagic acid and storage time of 24 hours; Group 2- with ellagic acid/24 hours; G3- without ellagic acid/six months; Group 4- with ellagic acid/six months. Then, the cavities were restored with Single Bond Universal adhesive and Z350 composite resin, with and without the previous application of ellagic acid. Subsequently, hourglass-shaped specimens were obtained and subjected to the bond strength (BS) test (n = 10) in a universal testing machine. The bond test was performed after 24 hours and six months of storage. For the standard evaluation (n = 3) the samples were infiltrated with silver nitrate and placed in a developing solution for analysis in a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The data obtained were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test, showing a statistically significant difference. Results: The highest bond strength values were found for the 24-hour groups followed by the groups with six months of storage. For nano-infiltration, groups G1 and G2 showed lower infiltration than groups G3 and G4. Conclusion: The previous application of ellagic acid did not affect the BS of the adhesive interface of the adhesive system analyzed, regardless of storage time.

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To analyze the effect of a sugarcane cystatin (CaneCPI-5) on the microbial profile and viability, as well as on the prevention of dentin demineralization using a microcosm biofilm model. Ninety bovine dentine specimens were divided into five experimental groups according with the solution they were treated for 60 s: (1) PBS (negative control), (2) 0.12% chlorhexidine (positive control), (3) Fluoride (500 ppm F, as NaF), (4) 0.025 mg/ml CaneCPI-5, and (5) 0.05 mg/ml CaneCPI-5. Specimens were incubated with inoculum (McBain's saliva plus human saliva) in the first 8 h, and from then on, they were exposed to McBain saliva containing sucrose and daily treated (60 s) with the solutions for 5 days. Resazurin and colony-forming unit counting assays were performed. Dentin demineralization was measured by transverse micro-radiography (TMR). 0.12% chlorhexidine significantly reduced the metabolic activity of the microcosm biofilm in relation to the negative control and treated groups (p < 0.01). CHX and F significantly reduced the counts of total microorganisms, mutans group streptococci, and lactobacilli when compared with the negative control. None of the treatments was able to significantly reduce dentin demineralization in comparison with the negative control. In the model evaluated, CaneCPI-5 neither altered the microcosm biofilm profile and viability nor protected dentin against demineralization.

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BACKGROUND: To evaluate in vitro the influence of photoinitiators on the microtensile strength of adhesive systems and composite resins in bovine dentin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty dentin obtained from bovine teeth were randomly distributed in four groups (n = 10) according to the different adhesive systems and composite resins used: G1 - AAPS + VAPS (Ambar APS + Vittra APS); G2- AAPS + O (Ambar APS + Opallis); G3 - A + VAPS (Ambar + Vittra APS) and G4 - A + O (Ambar + Opallis). After restoration with the composite, the samples were sectioned to obtain toothpicks that were subjected to the microtensile and nanofiltration test (1.0 mm/min). RESULTS: The Kruskal-Wallis test did not show significant differences between the groups (p<0.05). The values in MPa were: AAPS + VAPS - 19.56 MPa; AAPS + O - 19.77 MPa; A + VAPS - 17.78 MPa; A + O - 22.44 MPa. The result of the Mann-Whitney test showed no significant differences depending on the adhesive (Ambar Universal- 19.11 MPa, Ambar APS Universal- 21.70 MPa) and the composite resin used (Vittra APS- 18.75 MPa, Opallis - 23.75 MPa). The AAPS + VAPS and AAPS + O groups showed intense silver nitrate infiltration. The A + APS group showed a moderate infiltration and the A + O group had a mild infiltration in the adhesive system/dentin interface. CONCLUSIONS: The use of different photoinitiators in the composition of adhesive systems and restorative composites did not affect their bond strength values and the presence of water in the solvent of the APS photoinitiator system had a negative influence, increasing the degree of infiltration in the hybrid layer when compared to the camphorquinone photoinitiator. Key words:Dentin, adhesive systems, composite resin, photoinitiators, tensile strength, nano-infiltration.

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OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study evaluated the effect of commercial whitening dentifrices on erosive tooth wear (ETW) of bovine enamel samples, in comparison with commercial regular dentifrices. METHODOLOGY: Sixty bovine crowns were embedded in acrylic resin, polished and then had their baseline profile determined. They were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=12/group), according to the type of commercial dentifrice to be tested: GI - Crest Anti-cavity Regular; GII - Crest 3D White; GIII - Colgate Total 12 Clean Mint; GIV - Colgate Optic White; GV - Placebo (negative control, fluoride-free dentifrice). The samples were submitted to daily erosive and abrasive challenges for 3 days. The erosive challenges were performed 3 times a day by immersing the specimens in 0.1% citric acid solution (pH 2.5) for 90 s. Each day after the first and last erosive challenges, the specimens were subjected to the abrasive challenge for 15 s, using a toothbrushing machine (Biopdi, São Carlos, SP, Brazil), soft toothbrushes and slurry (1:3 g/ml) of the tested toothpastes (1.5 N). The specimens were kept in artificial saliva between the challenges. The final profile was obtained and the ETW (µm) was calculated. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests (p<0.05). RESULTS: All dentifrices tested significantly reduced the enamel wear in comparison with the Placebo, except GIII. The median (95% CI) ETW was 1.35 (1.25-1.46)bc for GI, 1.17 (1.01-1.34)cd for GII, 1.36 (1.28-1.45)ab for GIII, 1.08 (1.04-1.14)d for GIV and 2.28 (2.18-2.39)a for GV. CONCLUSION: When dentifrices from the same manufacturer were compared, the whitening dentifrices led to similar or less wear than the regular ones.

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Abstract Objective This in vitro study evaluated the effect of commercial whitening dentifrices on erosive tooth wear (ETW) of bovine enamel samples, in comparison with commercial regular dentifrices. Methodology Sixty bovine crowns were embedded in acrylic resin, polished and then had their baseline profile determined. They were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=12/group), according to the type of commercial dentifrice to be tested: GI - Crest Anti-cavity Regular; GII - Crest 3D White; GIII - Colgate Total 12 Clean Mint; GIV - Colgate Optic White; GV - Placebo (negative control, fluoride-free dentifrice). The samples were submitted to daily erosive and abrasive challenges for 3 days. The erosive challenges were performed 3 times a day by immersing the specimens in 0.1% citric acid solution (pH 2.5) for 90 s. Each day after the first and last erosive challenges, the specimens were subjected to the abrasive challenge for 15 s, using a toothbrushing machine (Biopdi, São Carlos, SP, Brazil), soft toothbrushes and slurry (1:3 g/ml) of the tested toothpastes (1.5 N). The specimens were kept in artificial saliva between the challenges. The final profile was obtained and the ETW (µm) was calculated. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests (p<0.05). Results All dentifrices tested significantly reduced the enamel wear in comparison with the Placebo, except GIII. The median (95% CI) ETW was 1.35 (1.25-1.46)bc for GI, 1.17 (1.01-1.34)cd for GII, 1.36 (1.28-1.45)ab for GIII, 1.08 (1.04-1.14)d for GIV and 2.28 (2.18-2.39)a for GV. Conclusion When dentifrices from the same manufacturer were compared, the whitening dentifrices led to similar or less wear than the regular ones.

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ABSTRACT This study sought to provide an overview of current cariology education for undergraduate Brazilian dental students. Data collection was via a Portuguese version of a 12-item questionnaire (Schulte et al., 2011) that was sent to all Brazilian dental schools (n = 219). The response rate was 57.0% (n = 125). Of the schools that returned the questionnaire, 84.8% supported the development of a Brazilian cariology curriculum. The units responsible for teaching cariology were predominantly operative dentistry (49.6%), pediatric dentistry (49.6%), dental public health (44.8%), and cariology (32%). Theoretical teaching of cariology (74.4%) and pre-clinical exercises (63.2%) were cited to occur mainly during the second year of the course, while clinical activities were placed in the third (71.2%) and fourth (64.8%) years. Among respondents, 76.8% of the schools included dental erosion and 86.4% included defects of dental hard tissues, such as abrasion, in teaching cariology. This survey was able to determine the panorama of cariology education in Brazil and to detect some differences among Brazilian geographic areas. The promotion of a workshop to discuss the topics that should be taught to undergraduate dental students and the development of a Brazilian core curriculum in cariology would be likely to reduce the differences in teaching cariology in Brazil.

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar um panorama do ensino de cariologia nos cursos de graduação em Odontologia no Brasil. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de uma versão em Português Brasileiro de um questionário de 12 itens (Schulte et al., 2011) que foi enviado a todas as faculdades de Odontologia brasileiras (n = 219). A taxa de resposta foi de 57,0% (n = 125). Dentre as faculdades que responderam o questionário, 84,8% apoiam o desenvolvimento de um currículo brasileiro de cariologia. As disciplinas responsáveis por lecionar os conteúdos de cariologia são principalmente dentística (49,6%), odontopediatria (49,6%), saúde bucal coletiva (44,8%), e cariologia (32%). O ensino teórico de cariologia (74,4%) e os exercícios de pré-clínica (63,2%) são abordados principalmente durante o segundo ano do curso, enquanto as atividades clínicas ocorrem, em geral, no terceiro (71,2%) e quarto (64,8%) anos. Dentre os respondentes, 76,8% das faculdades incluem erosão dentária e 86,4% incluem defeitos dos tecidos dentários duros, como abrasão, no ensino da cariologia. Essa pesquisa foi capaz de determinar o panorama do ensino da cariologia no Brasil e detectar algumas diferenças de currículo entre as regiões do país. A promoção de um workshop para discutir os assuntos que devem ser ministrados aos estudantes de graduação em Odontologia e para desenvolver um currículo brasileiro de cariologia seria válida para reduzir as diferenças no ensino de cariologia no Brasil.

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Irreversible hydrocolloids (IR) is a dental impression material commonly used in Brazilian and European dental practice because it is inexpensive, easy to handle, has good reproductive detail and is comfortable for the patient. This research aimed to analyze the chemical composition of eight different IRs for dental use. A sample of 0.2 g was weighed and transferred to a Teflon beaker moistened with drops of distilled or deionized water; 5 mL of nitric acid was added until total solubility of the sample; the solution was transferred to a 100 mL volumetric flask, the volume was filled with distilled or deionized water and homogenized. Thirty-five chemical elements were found: Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminum, Silicon, Phosphorus, Potassium, Titanium, Manganese, Cobalt, Nickel, Vanadium, Zinc, Rubidium, Arsenic, Iron, Copper, Strontium, Yttrium, Zirconium, Niobium, Molybdenum, Ruthenium, Cadmium, Tin, Antimony, Barium, Lanthanum, Cerium, Mercury, Lead, Thorium and Uranium. Only one of the samples contained no Nickel, Antimony and Lead; and Arsenic and Uranium were found in 2 samples. This study provided evidence of high toxicity of the IR brands, pointing out the need for better quality control of this product, in order to prevent health damage in dentists, prosthesis technicians and patients.

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O titânio é um dos 10 mais comuns elementos da terra, existem diferentes pesos atômicos, isótopos estáveis e radioisótopos conhecidos, está presente em ligas comerciais e semicomerciais, sendo que o titânio puro apresenta diferentes graus de pureza. Além disso, as ligas possuem classificações que agregam outros elementos neutros e/ou estabilizadores, são submetidas a diferentes tipos de tratamento de superfícies. Na fabricação dos implantes, o processo industrial da extração da rocha até a colocação na boca pode corromper o grau de pureza. A proposta do presente estudo foi avaliar qualitativamente buracos presentes em 5 implantes dentários brasileiros. As amostras foram preparadas em resina acrílica e realizados cortes sagitais com lâmina de diamante e analisadas no Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura TM 3030 PLUS TABLESTOP MICROSCOPE HITACHI e reanalisadas no Microscópio Fei Quanta 400. Os resultados evidenciaram que os implantes apresentaram impurezas e estas impurezas podem ser os estabilizadores ou elementos neutros presentes no titânio ou nas ligas utilizadas. Implantodontistas devem ficar alertas sobre a qualidade do implante

Titanium is one of the 10 most common elements of the earth, there are different atomic weights, stable isotopes and known radioisotopes, it is present in commercial and semi-commercial alloys and pure titanium has different degrees of purity. In addition, alloys have classifications that add other neutral elements and/or stabi¬lizers, they are submitted to different types of surface treatments. In manufacturing the implants, the industrial process of extracting the rock into the mouth can corrupt the degree of purity. The purpose of the present study was to qualitatively evaluate holes present in 5 Brazilian dental implants. The samples were prepared in acrylic resin and sagittal cuts with diamond blade and analyzed in the Scanning Electron Microscope TM 3030 PLUS TABLESTOP MICROSCOPE HITACHI and Fei quanta 400. The results showed that the implants presented impurities and these impurities may be the stabilizers or neutral elements present in the titanium or the alloys used. Implant dentists should be alert to the quality of the implant

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O presente estudo de caso analisou em que medida a adesão ao Pró-Saúde contribuiu para o andamento da reforma curricular em uma faculdade pública de Odontologia no Rio de Janeiro. Para essa análise foram coletados documentos e realizadas treze entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores-chave. Utilizou-se como referencial teórico a Teoria da Estruturação de Giddens. Os resultados da pesquisa apontaram avanços e entraves no novo Projeto Político Pedagógico. Entretanto, desafiando as características de uma instituição tradicional de formação, o Pró-Saúde, associado ao interesse dos dirigentes locais em realizar a reforma, cumpriu o papel de indutor das transformações curriculares

The present case study analyzed how the adherence to Pró-Saúde contributed to the process of the curriculum reform done by a public school of dentistry in Rio de Janeiro state. In order to find evidences, documents were collected and thirteen semi-structured interviews with key actors were conducted. The data analysis was performed in light of Giddens' Structuration Theory. The results of the research show both advances and obstacles in the new pedagogical project. In conclusion, challenging the characteristics inherent to an institution of traditional education, Pró-Saúde, associated with school managers interests, fulfilled the role of a catalyst to curricular transformation.

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Objetivo: avaliar qualitativamente a estrutura química de quatro marcas comerciais de implantes dentários brasileiros. Material e métodos: 12 amostras de diferentes lotes foram fixadas em resina acrílica usando um processo padronizado, e cortes sagitais foram realizados. As amostras foram analisadas em dois microscópios eletrônicos de varredura (FEI Quanta 400, TM 3030 Plus Tablestop Microscope Hitachi). Resultados: a maioria apresentou na sua porção interna (8 das 12) diferentes níveis de níquel, variando de uma marca para outra. Entretanto, este metal não foi detectado na superfície externa. A presença de níquel talvez seja atribuída às matérias-primas e metodologia de produção, desde a sua extração até a comercialização. Conclusão: dentro dos limites desta investigação, há necessidade de mais estudos qualitativos, em todo o processo de fabricação de todos os implantes comercializados, assim como estudos quantitativos com relação ao elemento níquel nos implantes dentários.

Objective: to perform a qualitative evaluation of the chemical structure of four commercial dental implant Brazilian brands. Material and methods: 12 samples of different batches were embedded in acrylic resin according to a standardized process, and sagittal sections were made accordingly. All the samples were analyzed under two SEM devices (FEI Quanta 400, TM 3030 Plus Tablestop Microscope Hitachi). Results: most samples (8 of 12) revealed at their internal portions different levels of Nickel, from one manufacturer to the other. However, this metal was not detected at the external implant portion. The presence of Nickel maybe can be attributed to the raw materials and production process, from extraction to commercialization. Conclusion: within the limits of this investigation, more qualitative studies are necessary throughout the fabrication process of all investigated implants in the market, as well as quantitative evaluations regarding the presence of Nickel on dental implants.

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The mechanisms by which excessive ingestion of fluoride (F) during amelogenesis leads to dental fluorosis (DF) are still not precisely known. Inbred strains of mice vary in their susceptibility to develop DF, and therefore permit the investigation of underlying molecular events influencing DF severity. We employed a proteomic approach to characterize and evaluate changes in protein expression from secretory-stage and maturation-stage enamel in 2 strains of mice with different susceptibilities to DF (A/J, i.e. 'susceptible' and 129P3/J, i.e. 'resistant'). Weanling male and female susceptible and resistant mice fed a low-F diet were divided into 2 F-water treatment groups. They received water containing 0 (control) or 50 mg F/l for 6 weeks. Plasma and incisor enamel was analyzed for F content. For proteomic analysis, the enamel proteins extracted for each group were separated by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and subsequently characterized by liquid-chromatography electrospray-ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. F data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's test (p < 0.05). Resistant mice had significantly higher plasma and enamel F concentrations when compared with susceptible mice in the F-treated groups. The proteomic results for mice treated with 0 mg F/l revealed that during the secretory stage, resistant mice had a higher abundance of proteins than their susceptible counterparts, but this was reversed during the maturation stage. Treatment with F greatly increased the number of protein spots detected in both stages. Many proteins not previously described in enamel (e.g. type 1 collagen) as well as some uncharacterized proteins were identified. Our findings reveal new insights regarding amelogenesis and how genetic background and F affect this process.

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Com o objetivo de contribuir para o melhor conhecimento do diagnóstico em Odontologia, reforça-se a necessidade de se fazer progressos mais consistentes na tradução da pesquisa em Cariologia para o planejamento do cuidado clínico de rotina e para a prática, consistindo em determinar como melhor administrar o processo de tradução dos laboratórios de pesquisa para o consultório, para o paciente, para populações e para as autoridades políticas, em um cenário mais amplo. A cárie e as sequelas de sua evolução são responsáveis pela grande maioria dos tratamentos invasivos realizados pelos cirurgiões-dentistas. Seu diagnóstico pode ser realizado por vários métodos, que serão descritos nesse artigo, assim como os pontos mais relevantes do diagnóstico translacional, radiográfico, de atividade da doença, clínico, diferencial e métodos auxiliares para cumprir sua finalidade de orientar a prática clínica odontológica voltada à promoção de saúde.

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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi levar ao conhecimento da comunidade científica uma revisão bibliográfica percebida ao longo da carreira acadêmica de um dos autores onde a personalidade física presente em coordenadores de alguns cursos de especialização em Odontologia é transmitida à personalidade jurídica tanto em instituições públicas quanto em privadas. A Legislação vigente, diferenças de personalidades físicas e jurídicas, transtornos mentais e de personalidade são explicitados, além de se projetar algumas possibilidades de acometimentos na medicação, os autores também questionaram a o fechamento de hospitais. Foi usada metodologia exploratória, através de palavras-chave no portal Capes e Scielo, com os descritores: Direito Administrativo ? Saúde Mental ? Ensino Odontológico ? Políticas públicas de saúde; além de revistas e jornais virtuais. Concluiu-se que a falta de conhecimento em direito por parte dos docentes prejudica o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos. Existe, em alguns casos, o descaso contratual, pela falta de dissociação pessoal e institucional onde docentes e discentes se inserem, podendo este ser repassado num processo cíclico onde aprendidos e ensinados podem fazer parte de um sistema imutável. Existe a necessidade da revisão dos valores na metodologia de ensino odontológico para que transtornos de personalidade física não sejam perpetuados em pessoas jurídicas e assim não haja prejuízo e judicialização de ações por parte dos que têm noção de diretos e deveres como regras básicas de convívio social

The aim of this study was to inform the scientific community through literature review, along the academic career of one of the authors where physical personality of some coordinated specialization courses of dentistry is transmitted to the legal personality, both in public and private institutions. The current legislation, differences in physical and legal personalities, mental and personality disorders are explained, in addition to design some bouts of possibilities in medication, the authors also questioned the closure of hospitals. An exploratory methodology was used through key words in the CAPES and Scielo website, with the following keywords: Administrative Law ? Mental Health ? Dental Education ? Public health policies; as well as magazines and online newspapers. It concludes that the lack of knowledge in law by teachers, weaken the teaching and learning process of students, there are in some cases, the contractual carelessness and lack of differentiation personal and institutional where teachers and students are engaged. This may being passed in a cyclic process where learned and taught may be part of an unchanging system. There is the need to review the values in dental teaching methodology for those personality disorders do not perpetuate in persons and corporations, that there may prejudice those who has the notion of law and duties as basic rules of social life

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