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An increase in the incidence of inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19 has been reported. Since many diseases exhibit population-specific causal effect sizes, we aimed to evaluate the incidence trends of inflammatory arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), after COVID-19 in a large admixed Colombian population. Data analysis for this retrospective, population-based cohort study was carried out using the COOSALUD EPS registry. The following codes were selected for analyses: M059, seropositive RA, M069, unspecified RA, M060 seronegative RA, and other RA-related diagnoses: M064, M139, M068, M058, M130 and M053. The study period was limited to January 01, 2018, through December 31, 2022. Incidence rates (IRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were assessed. A Cox survival model was built to evaluate the influence of age, gender, and COVID-19 vaccination status on the development of inflammatory arthritis. A bioinformatic analysis was performed to evaluate the homology between SARS-CoV-2 and autoantigen peptides related to RA. The entire population study comprised 3,335,084 individuals. During the pandemic period (2020-2022) the total IIR for seropositive and unspecified RA were 1.60 (95% CI, 1.16-2.22) and 2.93 (95% CI, 2.04-4.19), respectively, and the IIR for overall RA-related diagnosis was 2.01 (95% CI 1.59-2.53). The age groups hazard ratios (HRs) were increased until the age group of 51-60 years (HR: 9.16; 95% CI, 7.24-11.59) and then decreased slightly in the age group 61 years or older (HR: 5.364; 95% CI, 4.24-6.78) compared to those within 18-30 years. Men were less at risk than women to develop inflammatory arthritis (HR: 0.21; 95% CI, 0.18-0.24). The greater time since COVID-19 diagnosis was associated with a lower likelihood of developing inflammatory arthritis (HR: 0.99; 95% CI:0.998-0.999). Vaccination (all types of COVID-19 vaccines included) did not prevent the development of inflammatory arthritis after COVID-19. Low identity was found between the SARS-CoV-2 ORF1ab antigen and the human antigens Poly ADP-ribose polymerase 14 and Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP9 isoform D (39% and 29%, respectively). In conclusion, our study confirms increased incidence of inflammatory arthritis, including RA, after COVID-19, with the greatest increase occurring before the first year post-covid. Women in their fifties were more susceptible. Further research is required to examine the effectiveness of vaccination in preventing post-COVID inflammatory arthritis and the mechanisms implicated in the development of RA after COVID-19.
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Artritis Reumatoide , COVID-19 , Masculino , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , Estudios de Cohortes , Incidencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Prueba de COVID-19 , Estudios Prospectivos , COVID-19/complicaciones , COVID-19/epidemiología , SARS-CoV-2 , Artritis Reumatoide/complicaciones , Artritis Reumatoide/epidemiología , Artritis Reumatoide/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Resumen El propósito de este trabajo fue desarrollar y validar psicométricamente una escala para medir celos románticos en Facebook y WhatsApp, asimismo se buscó evidencia de que los reactivos no tuvieran un funcionamiento diferencial por sexo mediante análisis de invarianza factorial. Se trabajó con dos grupos de participantes de la Ciudad de México, 300 para un análisis factorial exploratorio y 300 para un análisis factorial confirmatorio y prueba de invarianza. Se encontró una estructura con 24 reactivos, adecuada confiabilidad (α = .96) correcto ajuste [χ2 (246) = 433.99, p <.01; CF1 = .99; RMSEA = .05] e invarianza factorial por sexo, por lo que se concluye que la escala es confiable y válida y permite comparación por sexo sin sesgos de medición.
Abstract The purpose of this work was to develop and psychometrically validate a Scale to measure romantic jealousy on Facebook and WhatsApp, also evidence of non-differential function of the items by sex is presented in the form of a factorial invariance test. Two groups of Participants from Mexico City worked on, 300 for an exploratory factor analysis and 300 for confirmatory factor analysis and invariance testing. A structure was found with 24 items, adequate reliability (α .96) corrects fit [χ2 (246) = 433.99, p <.01; CF1 = .99; RMSEA = .05] and factorial invariance by sex, so it is concluded that the Scale is reliable, valid, and allows sex comparison by sex without bias due to measurement.
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OBJECTIVE: This clinical case describes a completely digital workflow using current digital technologies for a full-mouth adhesive rehabilitation with ultra-translucent multilayer zirconia restorations. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS: A healthy 60-year-old man with abfractions on all upper and lower molars and severe tooth wear underwent a full-mouth rehabilitation with laminate veneers and partial adhesive restorations. A proper zirconia bonding protocol was realized to provide a durable bond between the ultra-translucent zirconia and the resin cement. Furthermore, the implementation of a digital workflow enables the clinician to have an effective communication during treatment planning and simplify the clinical and laboratory procedures, providing the patient with long-term esthetic treatment and functional results. CONCLUSION: The implementation of a completely digital workflow and the use of ultra-translucent multilayer zirconia for indirect adhesive restorations can be an alternative with simplified and predictable procedures for patients with dental wear and teeth discolorations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The digital workflow described is intended to facilitate the planning and execution of a full-mouth adhesive rehabilitation and demonstrates to clinicians a reliable zirconia bonding concept for minimally invasive anterior and posterior restorations.
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Cementos Dentales , Rehabilitación Bucal , Masculino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Flujo de Trabajo , CirconioRESUMEN
This paper explores the potential of combining different isotope systems from different tissues to improve resolution when reconstructing breastfeeding and weaning practices (BWP) in archaeology. Additionally, we tested whether changes in diet can be detected in deciduous teeth. Rib collagen samples from 22 infants/children from the archaeological site of Bacuranao I (Mayabeque, Cuba) were processed for nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13Cco) stable isotopes and assessed using a Bayesian model (WARN). In addition, enamel of 48 teeth from 30 infants/children were analyzed for oxygen (δ18Oen) and carbon (δ13Cen) stable isotopes. Data revealed that the timing of weaning cannot be characterized precisely by analyzing either δ18O or δ15N. While a depletion in both δ15N and δ13Cco is only evident after one year, the WARN model suggested that the weaning process started at around 3 months and ended around 1.7 years. Most teeth were enriched in δ18Oen compared to deciduous incisors, suggesting a breastfeeding signal. However, a high variability in δ18O was found between similar teeth from the same individuals. Higher enrichment in δ18Oen, and variability, was observed in tissues formed during the first six months of life. A δ13C enrichment of 1.0 was observed among deciduous teeth and ribs. While most individuals enriched in δ15N showed enrichment in δ13C, the δ18O values were more variable. Our data suggests that stable isotopes of deciduous teeth, especially δ13Cen, can be used to detect changes in diet during the weaning process. It is also possible that the δ18O enrichment observed in M1 is influenced by the effects of cooking techniques on weaning foods. The combination of multiple isotope systems and tissues overcome some of the limitations posed by single tissue approaches.
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Arqueología , Lactancia Materna , Destete , Teorema de Bayes , Lactancia Materna/historia , Isótopos de Carbono/análisis , Colágeno/química , Cuba , Historia Antigua , Humanos , Isótopos de Nitrógeno/análisis , Isótopos de Oxígeno/análisis , Diente Primario/químicaRESUMEN
Vermicomposting is a biological process for efficient cattle manure treatment, but the vermicomposting time determines the quality of the vermicompost. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cattle manure vermicomposting time on earthworm biomass and the changes in physical, chemical, and biological in properties of the vermicompost. The cattle manure was inoculated with Eisenia andrei earthworms and conducted vermicomposting for 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 120 days. The analysis of 44 chemical, physical, and biological properties allowed the vermicomposting process to be divided into initial (<45 days) and final (45-120 days) phases. The initial phase was characterized by high microbial activity and the final by high physical-chemical transformation of the vermicompost and an increase in earthworm density. The organic matter aromaticity increased until the 45th day, subsequently decreasing. Although 30 d of vermicompost are sufficient to obtain a high-quality organic fertilizer, 120 d are necessary for producing matrices.
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Oligoquetos , Animales , Biomasa , Bovinos , Femenino , Estiércol , SueloRESUMEN
In 2018 we evaluated at 48 h and 96 h, the gene expression profile of larvae of Limulus polyphemus exposed to 10% and 100% of water-accommodated fraction (WAF) of light crude oil (API 35), and 10% and 100% of a chemically enhanced WAF (CEWAF) with the dispersant Nokomis 3-F4® in a static-acute (96 h) bioassay. Alkanes and PAHs concentrations were higher in CEWAF than in WAF stock solutions. Under the proved conditions, the expression profile of genes associated to detoxification processes (glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase), stress (heat shock protein), innate immunity (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 4 traf4), cell death (apoptosis inhibitor 5) and DNA repairing (E3 ubiquitin protein ligase), showed a deregulation at 48 h followed by an upregulation at 96 h, with exception of glutathione peroxidase, heat shock protein and innate immunity that remained low in CEWAF. In conclusion, by using genes that have been proposed as biomarkers to pollutants exposure, L. polyphemus larvae showed an early activation of genes related to the immune system, antioxidant, heat shock and NER.
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Contaminación por Petróleo , Petróleo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Animales , Expresión Génica , Cangrejos Herradura , Larva , Petróleo/toxicidad , Agua , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/toxicidadRESUMEN
RESUMEN Objetivo: comparar la sensibilidad ética de estudiantes de una universidad privada del estado de Puebla versus profesionales de enfermería adscritos a instituciones de salud. Método: comparativo, prospectivo y de corte transversal, en 217participantes divididos en 109 para estudiantes y 108 para profesionales. Se aplicó el instrumento de sensibilidad ética. Se aplico estadística descriptiva y ANOVA de un factor. Resultados:la sensibilidad etica de las enfermeras y enfermeros en general es alta (= 73.14 ±15.38); Sin embargo, en relación al grado académico el promedio de la sensibilidad ética fue más alto en la licenciatura en enfermería (= 74.41 ±14.47) y posgrado en enfermería (= 73.77 ±11.57) en comparación el postécnico en enfermería (= 69.78 ±18.22). Al realizar el análisis de varianza de la ANOVA de un factor,se muestra que no existe diferencia entre el grado académico y la sensibilidad ética (F= 1.865, p = .167). Conclusión: la sensibilidad ética en estudiantes como profesionales de enfermería es alta y no cambia a pesar de que estén en ámbitos hospitalarios o universitarios, por lo que en la profesión de enfermería existen valores consistentes en sus diferentes ámbitos.
ABSTRACTObjective:to compare the ethical sensitivity of students from a Public University of the state of Puebla versus nursing professionals assigned to health institutions. Method:comparative, prospective, cross-sectional, in 217 participants divided into 109 for students and 108 for professionals. The instrument of ethical sensitivity was applied. Descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA were applied. Results:the Ethical Sensitivity of Nurses in general is high (XÌ = 73.14 ±15.38); However, in relation to the academic degree, the average ethical sensitivity was higher in the undergraduate nursing (XÌ = 74.41 ±14.47) and postgraduate in nursing (XÌ = 73.77 ±11.57) compared to the post-technical in nursing (XÌ = 69.78 ±18.22). When performing the one-way ANOVA analysis of variance, it is shown that there is no difference between academic grade and ethical sensitivity (F = 1.865, p = .167). Conclusion: the ethical sensitivity in students as nursing professionalsis high and does not change even though they are in hospital or university settings, so that in the nursing profession there are consistent values in its different fields.
RESUMOObjetivo:comparar a sensibilidade ética de estudantes de uma universidade privada do estado de Puebla com profissionais de enfermagem designados a instituições de saúde. Método:comparativo, prospectivo y transversal, com 217 participantes divididos em 109 estudantes e 108 profissionais. Foi aplicado o instrumento de sensibilidade ética. Estatísticas descritivas e ANOVA de uma via foram aplicadas. Resultados:a sensibilidade ética dos enfermeiros em geral é alta (XÌ = 73,14 ±15,38), porém, em relação ao grau acadêmico, a média da sensibilidade ética foi maior na graduação em enfermagem (XÌ = 74,41 ±14,47) e na pós-graduação em enfermagem (XÌ = 73,77 ±11,57) em comparação àpós-técnica em enfermagem (XÌ = 69,78±18,22). Ao realizar a análise de variância ANOVA de um fator, émostrado que não hádiferença entre a nota acadêmica e a sensibilidade ética (F = 1,865, p = 0,167). Conclusão:a sensibilidade ética dos estudantes como profissionais de enfermagem é elevada e não se altera mesmo estando em ambientes hospitalares ou universitários, de modo que na profissão de enfermagem existem valores consistentes em suas diferentes áreas.
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Educación , Ética , Atención de Enfermería , Valores Sociales , EnfermeríaRESUMEN
Introducción: El tabaquismo afecta la salud de millones de personas y está relacionado con la presencia de periodontitis. Objetivo: Determinar la cantidad de dientes perdidos en personas fumadoras, exfumadoras y no fumadoras en una muestra del sur de Tamaulipas. Material y métodos: Es un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se incluyeron 80 personas que acudieron a la Clínica Dental de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas y que dieron su consentimiento informado. Mediante interrogatorio se determinó la condición de tabaquismo como fumador, exfumador o no fumador, además se registró el género y la edad en los sujetos examinados. En radiografías panorámicas se revisaron la cantidad de dientes presentes en la cavidad oral de individuos fumadores, no fumadores y exfumadores. Se utilizaron descriptivos de tendencia central, Rho de Spearman para establecer correlación y ANOVA para el análisis de los datos en el programa SPSS 21 de IBM a un alfa 0.05. Resultados: Se observó que los hombres fuman más que las mujeres. Se identifi caron diferencias estadísticamente signifi cativas entre el tipo de fumador y la cantidad de dientes perdidos (p < 0.05). Se identifi có una relación positiva en fumadores (r = 0.77) comprobando que a mayor edad, mayor cantidad de dientes perdidos. Conclusiones: Las personas que fuman tienen mayor cantidad de dientes perdidos que las que no fuman. Los individuos que fueron fumadores tienen menos dientes que los que no fuman. A mayor edad de los individuos fumadores mayor cantidad de dientes perdidos (AU)
Introduction: Smoking affects the health of millions of people and is related to the presence of periodontitis. Objective: To determine the amount of teeth lost in smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers in a sample of southern Tamaulipas. Material and methods: This is an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. We included 80 people who came to the Dental Clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas and gave their informed consent. Through questioning the smoking status was determined as a smoker, ex-smoker or non-smoker, and gender and age were recorded in the subjects examined. The number of teeth present in the oral cavity of smokers, nonsmokers and former smokers was reviewed in panoramic radiographs. Central tendency descriptive, Rho Spearman for establishing correlation and ANOVA were used for the analysis of the data in the SPSS 21 software from IBM to an alpha 0.05. Results: It was observed that men smoke more than women. Statistically signifi cant diff erences were identifi ed between the type of smoker and the number of teeth lost (p < 0.05). A positive relationship was identifi ed in smokers (r = 0.77), identifying that the older the number of missing teeth. Conclusions: People who smoke have more lost teeth than those who do not smoke. Individuals who were smokers have fewer teeth than nonsmokers. The older the smokers, the greater number of missing teeth (AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Periodontitis , Cese del Uso de Tabaco , Tabaquismo , Pérdida de Diente , Distribución por Edad y Sexo , Análisis de Varianza , Estudios Transversales , Epidemiología Descriptiva , México , Estudio Observacional , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Introducción: El sangrado digestivo bajo (SDB) es una entidad cuyas tasas de complicaciones y mortalidad se han incrementado en las últimas décadas. Si bien se han identificado algunos factores relacionados a mal pronóstico, aún quedan variables por evaluar. Objetivo: Identificar factores de mal pronóstico en pacientes que presentaron SDB en el Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins de Lima, Perú. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de tipo cohorte retrospectivo. Se realizó un censo de todos los pacientes que presentaron SDB agudo entre enero 2010 y diciembre 2013. Las variables principales a evaluar fueron frecuencia cardiaca ≥100/min, presión arterial sistólica <100 mmHg y hematocrito bajo (≤35%) al ingreso. Se definió mal pronóstico como cualquiera de los siguientes criterios: muerte durante la hospitalización, sangrado que requiera transfusión de ≥4 unidades de sangre, reingreso dentro del primer mes, o necesidad de cirugía de hemostasia. Resultados: Se incluyó un total de 341 pacientes con SDB, de los cuales el 27% tuvo mal pronóstico y 2% fallecieron. Se encontró como variables asociadas a mal pronóstico: frecuencia cardiaca ≥100/min al ingreso (RR: 1,75, IC 95% 1,23-2,50), presión arterial sistólica <100 mmHg al ingreso (RR: 2,18, IC 95% 1,49-3,19), hematocrito ≤35% al ingreso (RR: 1,98, IC 95% 1,23-3,18) y sangrado de origen no determinado (RR: 2,74, IC 95% 1,73-4,36). Conclusiones: Frecuencia cardiaca elevada al ingreso, hipotensión sistólica al ingreso, hematocrito bajo al ingreso y presentar un sangrado en el cual no se encuentra el punto de origen son factores que incrementan el riesgo de presentar mal pronóstico, por lo que se recomienda un monitoreo más estricto en estos pacientes
Background: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is an event that has shown an increase in complications and mortality rates in the last decades. Although some factors associated with poor outcome have been identified, there are several yet to be evaluated. Objective: To identify risk factors for poor outcome in patients with LGIB in the Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins of Lima, Peru. Material and methods: A prospective analytic observational cohort study was made, and a census was conducted with all patients with acute LGIB between January 2010 and December 2013. The main variables were heart rate ≥100/min, systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg and low hematocrit (≤35%) at admission. Poor outcome was defined as any of the following: death during hospital stay, bleeding requiring transfusion of ≥4 blood packs, readmission within one month of hospital discharge, or the need for hemostatic surgery. Results: A total of 341 patients with LGIB were included, of which 27% developed poor outcome and 2% died. Variables found to be statistically related to poor outcome were: heart rate ≥ 100/min at admission (RR: 1.75, IC 95% 1.23-2.50), systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg at admission (RR: 2.18, IC 95% 1.49-3.19), hematocrit ≤35% at admission (RR: 1.98, IC 95% 1.23-3.18) and LGIB of unknown origin (RR: 2.74, IC 95% 1.73-4.36). Conclusions: Elevated heart rate at admission, systolic hypotension at admission, low hematocrit at admission and having a LGIB of unknown origin are factors that increase the risk of developing poor outcome, and these patients should be monitored closely due to their higher risk of complications
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Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades del Recto/diagnóstico , Enfermedades del Colon/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Readmisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Perú , Pronóstico , Enfermedades del Recto/mortalidad , Enfermedades del Recto/terapia , Transfusión Sanguínea/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Enfermedades del Colon/mortalidad , Enfermedades del Colon/terapia , Medición de Riesgo , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/mortalidad , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/terapia , Hemostasis Quirúrgica/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitales Públicos , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is an event that has shown an increase in complications and mortality rates in the last decades. Although some factors associated with poor outcome have been identified, there are several yet to be evaluated. OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for poor outcome in patients with LGIB in the Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins of Lima, Peru. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective analytic observational cohort study was made, and a census was conducted with all patients with acute LGIB between January 2010 and December 2013. The main variables were heart rate ≥100/min, systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg and low hematocrit (≤35%) at admission. Poor outcome was defined as any of the following: death during hospital stay, bleeding requiring transfusion of ≥4 blood packs, readmission within one month of hospital discharge, or the need for hemostatic surgery. RESULTS: A total of 341 patients with LGIB were included, of which 27% developed poor outcome and 2% died. Variables found to be statistically related to poor outcome were: heart rate ≥ 100/min at admission (RR: 1.75, IC 95% 1.23- 2.50), systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg at admission (RR: 2.18, IC 95% 1.49-3.19), hematocrit ≤35% at admission (RR: 1.98, IC 95% 1.23-3.18) and LGIB of unknown origin (RR: 2.74, IC 95% 1.73-4.36). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated heart rate at admission, systolic hypotension at admission, low hematocrit at admission and having a LGIB of unknown origin are factors that increase the risk of developing poor outcome, and these patients should be monitored closely due to their higher risk of complications.
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Enfermedades del Colon/diagnóstico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Enfermedades del Recto/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Transfusión Sanguínea/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades del Colon/mortalidad , Enfermedades del Colon/terapia , Femenino , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/mortalidad , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/terapia , Hemostasis Quirúrgica/estadística & datos numéricos , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Hospitales Públicos , Humanos , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Readmisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Perú , Pronóstico , Enfermedades del Recto/mortalidad , Enfermedades del Recto/terapia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Introducción: metformina es un medicamento antidiabético evaluado en varios modelos in vitro e in vivo de cáncer ya que es capaz de incrementar la proteincinasa activada por adenosin monofosfato y bloquear las vías de señalización tumoral. Objetivo: evaluar los efectos antitumorales de metformina en línea celular MOLT-4 en pacientes bajo tratamiento de inducción a la remisión. Materiales y métodos: fase in vitro: ensayo en línea celular MOLT-4 adicionando metformina 40 mM evaluando la viabilidad y ciclo celular mediante citometría de flujo. Fase clínica: Estudio de casos y controles en pacientes portadores de leucemia linfoblástica aguda de novo, adicionando metformina 850 mg cada ocho horas en etapa de pretratamiento e inducción a la remisión, contra el registro histórico del protocolo institucional HGMLAL07. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el test de chi-cuadrado, estudio multivariado para factores de riesgo y evaluación del efecto sobre la remisión mediante Odds Ratio. Resultados: ensayo celular: meformina inhibió la viabilidad celular a las 120 horas, reduciendo el porcentaje de células en fase S. Estudio clínico: en un total de 151 pacientes, el 29,1% correspondieron al brazo de metformina. La mayor tasa de respuesta favorable a esteroides como de remisiones completas se encontraron en los pacientes que recibieron metformina (59,1% versus 26,2% y 81,8% versus 57,9%) con significancia estadística (p= 0.000* y 0,006 95% IC). Conclusiones: la adición de metformina a la quimioterapia incremento la respuesta favorable a esteroides y las tasas de remisiones completas. In vitro, y semejante a otros modelos, metformina arresta a las células en G0 /G1 , induciendo una disminución en la viabilidad celular.
Introduction: metformin, antidiabetic drug evaluated in several in vitro and in vivo cancer models, is able of increasing the adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase and block tumor signaling pathways. Objetive: to evaluate the antitumor effects of metformin in MOLT-4 cell line and in patients under treatment for remission induction. Materials and methods: in vitro phase: essay in MOLT-4 cell line adding metformin 40 mM evaluating the viability and cell cycle by flow cytometry. Clinic phase: Case-control study in patients with de novo acute lymphoblastic leukemia, adding metformin three time a day on pretreatment stage and remission induction, against the historical record of the institutional protocol HGMLAL07. Statistical analysis: chi-square analysis, multivariate analysis for risk factors and evaluation of the effect over the remission by Odds ratio. Results: celular assay: metformina inhibited cell viability at 120 hours reducing the percentage of cells in phase S. Clinical assay: 151 patients were studied, 29.1% on metformina arm. The highest rate of good steroid response and complete remissions were found in patients who received metformin (59,1% versus 26,2% and 81,8% vs 57,9%) statistically significant (p= 0.000* and 0.006, 95% IC). Conclusions: the addition of metformin to chemotherapy increased the good steroids response to steroids and rates of complete remissions. In vitro, and similar to other models, metformin arrest cells in G0 /G1 , inducing a decrease in cell viability.
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Metformina , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras , EsteroidesRESUMEN
In this research it was attempted to overexpress the acidic subunit, from the 11S amaranth seed globulin termed amarantin, modified with antihypertensive peptides in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3) by manipulating some factors in batch fermenter such as growth medium composition, inducer (isopropyl ß-D-thiogalactopyranoside [IPTG] or lactose), air flow, cultivation temperature, agitation speed and induction time. The possibility of using several minimal media and lactose as inducer to increase yields of the recombinant protein was investigated. Previous fermentations at flask level showed that two minimal culture media (A6 and A7) and 0.5% (w/v) lactose presented high yields of the engineered protein expression. Thus, the latter two media were tested at fermenter level, the lactose inducer, and different environmental conditions. Factors with significant effects were identified by Plackett-Burman design with center points and were adjusted at the level suggested and the yields of the recombinant protein were increased from 303.2 to 1,531 mg L(-1) in A6 and from 363.4 to 1,681 mg L(-1) in A7. Unlike some patents where the highest productivity was achieved at 24 h or afterwards, in this research the best productivity of the recombinant acidic subunit was attained at 4 and 6 h of induction using both media, respectively.
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Amaranthus/genética , Escherichia coli/genética , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Globulinas/biosíntesis , Lactosa/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/biosíntesis , Reactores Biológicos , Biotecnología/métodos , Fermentación , Globulinas/química , Globulinas/genética , Patentes como Asunto , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/biosíntesis , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismoRESUMEN
The expression in Escherichia coli strain Rosetta of the recombinant acidic subunit from the 11S amaranth seed storage protein (protein ACM3) was studied at flask and at bioreactor levels. This subunit was modified by inserting four Val-Tyr antihypertensive peptides in tandem into its third variable region and also with the tripeptide Ile-Pro-Pro in the Cterminal region. Flasks experiments allowed us to define the best conditions for the preparation and expression and accumulation of the protein ACM3, including the certainty of its presence within the cells especially as an insoluble fraction. The effects of cultivation temperature, aeration rate and agitation speed on the production of the protein ACM3 was tested in a 5-L batch bioreactor. Applying response surface methodology (RSM) we found that the aeration rate was the most significant factor affecting in a positively way the production yields and productivity of the recombinant protein. Temperature had effect only in conjunction to aeration. The highest recombinant acidic subunit concentration (747 mg L-1) and the highest productivity (186 mg L-1 h-1) were attained in 4 h of cultivation when the factors evaluated were controlled at its central values: 0.1 vvm, 300 rpm, and 30.5° C. Results from this study indicate that RSM is an effective technique to maximize the production of this recombinant protein.
Asunto(s)
Reactores Biológicos/microbiología , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Globulinas/biosíntesis , Proteínas de Almacenamiento de Semillas/biosíntesis , Análisis de Varianza , Fermentación , Proteínas Recombinantes/biosíntesis , Análisis de Regresión , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
Hemicellulosic agricultural by-products such as corn stover (CS) are highly available materials which represent an opportunity to develop value added products. Native Aspergillus niger GS1 was used for solid-state fermentation (SSF) on alkali pre-treated CS (ACS) aimed to optimize xylanolytic enzymes production, and their effect on in vitro ruminal and true digestibility of ACS. Enzyme production was empirically modelled using a fractional factorial design 2(9-5), and the resulting significant factors were glucose, yeast extract and two mineral salts, which were arranged in a Draper-Lin optimization design at two levels. Predicted optimum xylanolytic activity of 33.6 U (mg protein)-1 was achieved at 48 hrs of SSF, and was validated by confirmatory experiments. ACS was incubated with a semipurified enzymatic extract (EE) showing a xylanolytic activity of 1600 U kg-1 dry ACS for 12 hrs before exposure to cow's ruminal liquid for 72 hrs, which led to 5 percent and 10 percent increase of in vitro ruminal and true digestibility, respectively. CS is a readily available by-product in different regions which after alkaline treatment and partial hydrolysis with the EE, may be advantageously used as supplement for ruminant feed.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Alimentación Animal , Aspergillus niger/enzimología , Zea mays/química , Dióxido de Carbono , Celulosa/metabolismo , Digestión , Fermentación , Polisacáridos/metabolismo , Factores de Tiempo , Xilanos/metabolismoRESUMEN
The management of patients with peripheral arterial disease has changed dramatically overthe last ten years. Surgery, once the preferred treatment method for intermittent claudication,is not longer the treatment of choice for patients with this presentation. Medical managementis now the first choice, and an improvement of claudication and quality of health can be achievedusing a combination of statins, platelet aggregation inhibitors and the new inhibitor of cyclic AMP(adenosin monophosfate), Cilostazol. This review focuses on the new recommendations for clinicalevaluation, diagnosis and medical treatment of patients with the disease.
El manejo de pacientes con enfermedad arterial periféricaha cambiado dramáticamente en los últimos diez años. La cirugía para el tratamiento de la claudicación intermitente,que en años anteriores fue el tratamiento deelección, ha sido reemplazada como primera opción porel tratamiento médico. En la actualidad se puede lograruna mejoría en la claudicación y la calidad de vida conel uso de estatinas, inhibidores de la agregación plaquetariay el nuevo inhibidor de la AMP cíclica (adenosinmonofosfato), Cilostazol. Esta revisión se enfoca en las recomendaciones actuales para la evaluación clínica, laaproximación diagnóstica y el tratamiento médico de pacientes con la enfermedad.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Claudicación Intermitente , Enfermedades Vasculares Periféricas , Inhibidores de Agregación PlaquetariaRESUMEN
Methods of biomedical optics employed to study and characterize biological media involve measuring light diffusely transmitted though tissue. In this paper we describe boundary conditions for the propagation of light at interfaces of biological media. Boundary conditions are derived for a generalized radiative transfer model that accounts for the propagation of light in biological media with a spatially varying refractive index and includes the effects of ray divergence. This work will improve the accuracy of the measurements in biomedical optics techniques and will enhance our understanding of tissue physiology.
Asunto(s)
Luz , Óptica y Fotónica , Aire , Algoritmos , Biología , Modelos Biológicos , Modelos Estadísticos , Dispositivos Ópticos , Fotones , Dispersión de RadiaciónRESUMEN
La detección precoz del cáncer de mama es de gran importancia, por continuar siendo éste la segunda causa de muerte en la mujer cubana. Entre los programas del Sistema Nacional de Salud, el Programa Nacional de Estética, categoría dentro del concepto de lo bello, que según Aristóteles descansa en la armonía, la proporción y la medida, queda trunco en la mujer portadora de una cirugía radical (mastectomía). La mujer portadora de un cáncer de mama cuyo diagnóstico se ha realizado tardíamente, precisa de un tratamiento quirúrgico mutilante en su glándula mamaria y, por ende, afectando su esfera espiritual -psicológica, al provocar una influencia contraproducente en sus relaciones sociales. La práctica médica en la prevención de esta enfermedad es la utilización del programa de pesquisaje en la población femenina como única forma para el diagnóstico precoz de las masas ocultas de las glándulas mamarias por medio de la mamografía en toda mujer entre 50 y 64 años o con factores de riesgo conocidos. En nuestra práctica diaria durante 16 años, el autoexamen de las glándulas mamarias, así como la lucha por modificar los factores de riesgo como el hábito de fumar y la no lactancia materna son medios en los cuales nos basamos para el desarrollo de la cultura general de la comunidad, tarea importante en los estudiantes de Medicina (AU)
The early detection of breast cancer is very important because it continues to be the second cause of death in Cuban women. Among the National Health Systems, the National Program on cosmetics with a category within the concept of beauty , which according to Aristoteles lies on harmony , proportion and measurement disappears in a woman who has undergone a radical surgery (mastectomy). A woman with a late breast cancer diagnosis needs a mutilating surgical procedure of the breast gland, and it damages her spiritual sphere with a contrary influence on the social relationships. The medical practice to prevent this condition is the use of a screening program in female population as the only way for the early diagnosis of the hidden masses of the breast glands by means of mammography in every 50 and 64 year old women or those with known risk factors. In our daily practice during 16 years the self examination of the breasts, as well as the attempts to change risk factors such as the smoking habit and the non breast feeding are means for basing the development of the community general culture, which is considered an important task in the medical students (AU)
Asunto(s)
Estudiantes de Medicina , MamografíaRESUMEN
La detección precoz del cáncer de mama es de gran importancia, por continuar siendo éste la segunda causa de muerte en la mujer cubana. Entre los programas del Sistema Nacional de Salud, el Programa Nacional de Estética, categoría dentro del concepto de lo bello, que según Aristóteles descansa en la armonía, la proporción y la medida, queda trunco en la mujer portadora de una cirugía radical (mastectomía). La mujer portadora de un cáncer de mama cuyo diagnóstico se ha realizado tardíamente, precisa de un tratamiento quirúrgico mutilante en su glándula mamaria y, por ende, afectando su esfera espiritual -psicológica, al provocar una influencia contraproducente en sus relaciones sociales. La práctica médica en la prevención de esta enfermedad es la utilización del programa de pesquisaje en la población femenina como única forma para el diagnóstico precoz de las masas ocultas de las glándulas mamarias por medio de la mamografía en toda mujer entre 50 y 64 años o con factores de riesgo conocidos. En nuestra práctica diaria durante 16 años, el autoexamen de las glándulas mamarias, así como la lucha por modificar los factores de riesgo como el hábito de fumar y la no lactancia materna son medios en los cuales nos basamos para el desarrollo de la cultura general de la comunidad, tarea importante en los estudiantes de Medicina.
The early detection of breast cancer is very important because it continues to be the second cause of death in Cuban women. Among the National Health Systems, the National Program on cosmetics with a category within the concept of beauty , which according to Aristoteles lies on harmony , proportion and measurement disappears in a woman who has undergone a radical surgery (mastectomy). A woman with a late breast cancer diagnosis needs a mutilating surgical procedure of the breast gland, and it damages her spiritual sphere with a contrary influence on the social relationships. The medical practice to prevent this condition is the use of a screening program in female population as the only way for the early diagnosis of the hidden masses of the breast glands by means of mammography in every 50 and 64 year old women or those with known risk factors. In our daily practice during 16 years the self examination of the breasts, as well as the attempts to change risk factors such as the smoking habit and the non breast feeding are means for basing the development of the community general culture, which is considered an important task in the medical students.