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Fundamento: el cáncer de piel tiene gran incidencia, con tendencia ascendente a nivel mundial. Estos carcinomas son prevenibles, tanto por cambios en los estilos de vida como por la detección de lesiones indicativas de transformación maligna. Objetivo: determinar los factores de riesgo del cáncer de piel en la población del consultorio número 4 del Área de Salud Delicias. Método: se realizó un estudio epidemiológico, observacional, analítico de casos y controles en el período 2017-2021. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 13 pacientes (grupo de casos) y 26 pacientes (grupo control), para un total de 39 casos incluidos, todos mayores de 15 años. Se estudiaron las variables: edad, sexo, color de piel, ocupación, hora de exposición al sol, medio de protección, contacto con sustancias químicas. La información se obtuvo de las historias clínicas y un cuestionario, se analizó a través del cálculo porcentual, el Ji2 y el odd ratio. Resultados: predominaron los participantes mayores de 55 años (38,5 %), del sexo masculino (69,2 %). Tuvieron más riesgo de cáncer de piel: los de color de piel blanca (Ji2: 3,3; OR: 6,4; p<0,05), ocupación con exposición al sol (Ji2: 4,4; OR: 5,5 p<0,05), más de 3 años en la ocupación (Ji2: 3,3; OR: 6,4; p<0,05), expuestos después de las 11 a.m. (Ji2: 3,3; OR: 3,6 p<0,05), sin uso de medios de protección (Ji2: 7,8; OR: 14; p<0,05), contacto con productos químicos (Ji2: 7,4; OR: 8,8; p<0,05) y antecedentes familiares de cáncer (Ji2: 2,6; OR: 3; p<0,05). Conclusiones: predominaron los mayores de 55 años y los hombres, se demostró asociación estadística y causal entre el cáncer de piel y los factores de riesgo estudiados.

Background: skin cancer has a high incidence, with an upward trend worldwide. These carcinomas are preventable both by lifestyle changes and by detecting lesions indicative of malignant transformation. Objective: to determine the risk factors for skin cancer in the population of office number 4 of the Delicias Health Area. Method: an epidemiological, observational, analytical study of cases and controls was carried out in the period 2017-2021. The study population consisted of 13 patients (case group) and 26 patients (control group), for a total of 39 cases included, all over 15 years of age. The variables were studied: age, sex, skin color, occupation, time of exposure to the sun, means of protection, contact with chemical substances. The information was obtained from the medical records and a questionnaire, it was analyzed through the percentage calculation, the Chi2 and the odd ratio. Results: participants older than 55 years (38.5 %), male sex (69.2 %) predominated. They had a higher risk of skin cancer: those with white skin color (Chi2: 3.3; OR: 6.4; p<0.05), occupation with sun exposure (Chi2: 4.4; OR: 5, 5 p<0.05), more than 3 years in the occupation (Chi2: 3.3; OR: 6.4; p<0.05), exposed after 11 a.m. (Chi2: 3.3; OR: 3.6 p<0.05), without use of protective means (Chi2: 7.8; OR: 14; p<0.05), contact with chemical products (Chi2: 7.4; OR: 8.8; p<0.05) and a family history of cancer (Chi2: 2.6; OR: 3; p<0.05). Conclusions: those over 55 years of age and men predominated, a statistical and causal association was demonstrated between skin cancer and the risk factors studied.

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Gut microbiome studies in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are unravelling some consistent but modest patterns of gut dysbiosis. Among these, a significant decrease of Clostridia cluster IV and XIVa has been reported. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of a previously selected mixture of human gut-derived 17 Clostridia strains, which belong to Clostridia clusters IV, XIVa, and XVIII, on the clinical outcome of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The observed clinical improvement was related to lower demyelination and astrocyte reactivity as well as a tendency to lower microglia reactivity/infiltrating macrophages and axonal damage in the central nervous system (CNS), and to an enhanced immunoregulatory response of regulatory T cells in the periphery. Transcriptome studies also highlighted increased antiinflammatory responses related to interferon beta in the periphery and lower immune responses in the CNS. Since Clostridia-treated mice were found to present higher levels of the immunomodulatory short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate in the serum, we studied if this clinical effect could be reproduced by butyrate administration alone. Further EAE experiments proved its preventive but slight therapeutic impact on CNS autoimmunity. Thus, this smaller therapeutic effect highlighted that the Clostridia-induced clinical effect was not exclusively related to the SCFA and could not be reproduced by butyrate administration alone. Although it is still unknown if these Clostridia strains will have the same effect on MS patients, gut dysbiosis in MS patients could be partially rebalanced by these commensal bacteria and their immunoregulatory properties could have a beneficial effect on MS clinical course.

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Fabry disease is a rare X-linked lysosomal storage disorder resulting from deficient activity of α-galactosidase A, leading to the accumulation of glycosphingolipids such as globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3). The gastrointestinal symptoms of this disease may be disabling, and the life expectancy of affected patients is shortened by kidney and heart disease. Our hypothesis was that lyso-Gb3 may modify the gut microbiota. The impact of a clinically relevant concentration of lyso-Gb3 on mono- or multispecies bacterial biofilms were evaluated. A complex bacterial community from the simulated transverse colon microbiota was studied using quantitative PCR to estimate different bacterial group concentrations and a HPLC was used to estimate short-chain fatty acids concentrations. We found that lyso-Gb3 increased the biofilm-forming capacity of several individual bacteria, including Bacteroides fragilis and significantly increased the growth of B. fragilis in a multispecies biofilm. Lyso-Gb3 also modified the bacterial composition of the human colon microbiota suspension, increasing bacterial counts of B. fragilis, among others. Finally, lyso-Gb3 modified the formation of short-chain fatty acids, leading to a striking decrease in butyrate concentration. Lyso-Gb3 modifies the biology of gut bacteria, favoring the production of biofilms and altering the composition and short-chain fatty-acid profile of the gut microbiota.

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Objetivo. Revisar los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico, mediante abordaje laparoscópico, de los cuadros de dolor abdominal agudo habidos en un Servicio de Urgencias de un hospital general. Material y método. Estudio observacional, prospectivo, de las urgencias ginecológicas originadas por un cuadro de dolor abdominal y tratadas mediante cirugía laparoscópica. Los parámetros fundamentalmente evaluados fueron el origen del cuadro de dolor, el tipo de cirugía realizada y las complicaciones habidas. Resultados. En el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2009 y diciembre de 2011 hemos realizado 110 cirugías laparoscópicas urgentes por dolor abdominal: 40 casos (36,7%) por rotura de un quiste de ovario, 24 (21,8%) por embarazo ectópico, 23 (20,9%) por enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica, 12 (10,9%) por torsión anexial y 11 (10%) por otras causas. En estas 110 cirugías hemos tenido una reintervención por hemoperitoneo (0,9%) y un caso de conversión a cirugía laparotómica (0,9%). Conclusiones. El abordaje laparoscópico de la enfermedad ginecológica urgente es seguro y efectivo (AU)

Objectives. To assess the effectiveness of the laparoscopic approach in acute abdominal pain in women of reproductive age presenting to the Emergency Department. Material and methods. We performed an observational, prospective study of acute abdominal pain treated by gynecological laparoscopic procedures. The main variables evaluated were the cause of pain, type of surgery, complications, and conversions to open surgery. Results. Between January 2009 and December 2011, we performed 110 urgent laparoscopic interventions. The reasons for surgery were rupture of an ovarian cyst in 40 interventions (36.7%), an ectopic pregnancy in 24 (21.8%), a pelvic inflammatory disease in 23 (20.9%), adnexal torsion in 12 (10.9%), and other reasons in 11 (10%). In these 110 interventions, there was one case of postoperative bleeding requiring reintervention and one case of conversion. Conclusions. The laparoscopic approach is safe and effective in urgent gynecological surgery (AU)

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Objetivo. Evaluar la eficacia de la minibanda vaginal libre de tensión (TVT-S) en el tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE). Material y método. Estudio prospectivo de 170 pacientes con IUE a las que se insertó una minibanda TVT-S y fueron seguidas durante un mínimo de 24 meses. Se evaluaron la curación objetiva de la IUE, mediante exploración clínica, y la curación subjetiva, mediante el cuestionario ICIQ-SF. Resultados. El análisis final se realizó sobre 137 pacientes. La tasa de curación objetiva fue del 84% y la subjetiva del 91,2%. Se produjeron 7 complicaciones intraoperatorias (4,11%) y 5 extrusiones de la malla (3,6%) durante el periodo de seguimiento. Conclusiones. En nuestra serie la minibanda TVT-S presenta una tasa aceptable de curación de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo, pero inferior a la tasa de curación publicada para las bandas TVT y TVT-O (AU)

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of the tension-free vaginal tape mini-sling (TVT-S) to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women. Material and method: We performed a prospective study of 170 patients who underwent TVT-S insertion and who were followed-up for at least 24 months. Both the objective and subjective cure rate were evaluated using clinical examination and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Results: The final number of assessed women was 137. The objective cure rate was 84% and the subjective cure rate was 91.2%. There were 7 complications during the surgery and 5 cases of mesh exposure (3.6%) during the follow-up period. Conclusions: In our experience, the TVT-S cure rate for SUI is acceptable but is lower than the published cure rate for tension-free transvaginal tape (TVT) and tension-free transvaginal tape obturator (TVT-O) (AU)

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El anillo vaginal anticonceptivo (NuvaRing®) es un método hormonal combinado y, como tal, comparte el mismo mecanismo de acción que las píldoras anticonceptivas y puede tener los mismos efectos beneficiosos no anticonceptivos. En este artículo presentamos uma revisión de la literatura sobre los posibles efectos no anticonceptivos del anillo vaginal. Existe evidencia sobre los efectos del anillo vaginal em el control del ciclo, la dismenorrea y el acne (AU)

The contraceptive vaginal ring is a combined hormonal contraceptive method, has the same mechanism of action then the oral contraceptives and could present the same non contraceptive benefits. In this paper a review of the literature about the non contraceptive effects of the vaginal ring is shown. There is evidence about the effects of the vaginal ring on cycle control, dismenorrhea and acne (AU)

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For economical reasons and to accommodate current market trends, cheese manufacturers and product developers are increasingly interested in controlling cheese flavor formation and developing new flavors. Due to their low detection threshold and diversity, volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are of prime importance in the overall flavor of cheese and make a significant contribution to their typical flavors. Thus, the control of VSCs formation offers considerable potential for industrial applications. This paper gives an overview of the main VSCs found in cheese, along with the major pathways and key enzymes leading to the formation of methanethiol from methionine, which is subsequently converted into other sulfur-bearing compounds. As these compounds arise primarily from methionine, the metabolism of this amino acid and its regulation is presented. Attention is focused in the enzymatic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that are widely used as starter and adjunct cultures in cheese-making. In view of industrial applications, different strategies such as the enhancement of the abilities of LAB to produce high amounts and diversity of VSCs are highlighted as the principal future research trend.

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Objetivo. Revisar las indicaciones y resultados de 1.000 cirugías laparoscópicas consecutivas. Material y métodos. Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, mediante los registros de las historias clínicas de los 1.000 primeros casos de patología ginecológica tratados mediante cirugía laparoscópica. Los parámetros fundamentalmente evaluados fueron la tasa de complicaciones quirúrgicas y la tasa de conversión. Resultados. En el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2005 y noviembre de 2011 hemos realizado 1.000 cirugías laparoscópicas: 452 casos (45,2%) por cirugía sobre los anejos, 200 (20%) por histerectomía por causa benigna, 105 (10,5%) por neoplasia ginecológica, 88 (8,8%) por esterilización tubárica, 75 fueron (7,5%) laparoscopias diagnósticas, 56 (5,6%) por miomectomía, 19 (1,9%) por colposacropexia y en 5 casos (0,5%) se realizó una apendicetomía. En estas 1.000 cirugías hemos tenido 22 complicaciones mayores (2,2%) y 32 conversiones a cirugía laparotómica (3,2%). Conclusión. El abordaje laparoscópico de la patología ginecológica es seguro y efectivo(AU)

Objectives: To review the indications and outcomes of 1,000 consecutive laparoscopic surgeries. Material and methods: We carried out an observational, retrospective study of the first 1,000 gynecological laparoscopic procedures performed in our hospital. Data on complications and conversions were recorded. Results: Between January 2005 and November 2011, we performed 1000 laparoscopic surgeries: 452 (45.2%) ovarian procedures, 200 (20%) hysterectomies for benign causes, 105 (10.5%) gynecological neoplasms, 88 (8.8%) tubal ligations, 75 (7.5%) diagnostic laparoscopies, 56 (5.6%) myomectomies, 19 (1.9%) sacropexies and 5 (0.5%) appendectomies. There were 22 major complications (2.2%) and 32 conversions to open surgery (3.2%). Conclusion: The laparoscopic approach to gynecological surgery is safe and effective(AU)

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