RESUMEN
Fundamentos: Analizar la relación entre las oscilaciones de peso y el IMC preoperatorio de 307 pacientes bariátricos. Conocer la causa fundamental del abandono de tratamientos dietéticos y la motivación principal para acudir a una Unidad de Cirugía Bariátrica (UCB). Métodos: Se recogieron prospectivamente en 307 casos las siguientes variables: edad, sexo, IMC máximo alcanzado, ratio 'oscilación máxima peso/peso máximo', motivo de la consulta y del fracaso de los tratamientos anteriores. Se estudió la relación entre el grado de obesidad y las variables mediante el test X2. Resultados: La 'oscilación máxima peso/peso máximo' no se asoció al grado de obesidad (correlación/Pearson -0,79). El 58,9% de los pacientes acudieron a una UCB motivados por el deseo de mejorar su calidad de vida, y un 26,1% para cambiar su imagen corporal. Los pacientes abandonaban las dietas por ser monótonas, poco realistas y por estancamiento en la pérdida de peso. Conclusiones: Los pacientes que acuden a una UCB presentan una mayor preocupación por la calidad de vida como motivo de consulta y refieren haber fracasado con las dietas como causa fundamental por la monotonía de éstas. Las oscilaciones de peso no se asocian al grado de obesidad (AU)
Background: To analyze the relationship between variations in weight and preoperative BMI of 307 bariatric patients. To know what is the principal cause of the abandonment of dietary treatments. To know what is the main motivation for attending a Bariatric Surgery Clinic (BSC). Methods: Age, sex, reached maximum BMI, ratio 'maximum weight fluctuations/maximum weight', reason for consultation and the failure of previous treatments. The following variables were collected retrospectively in 307 cases. We have studied the relationship between obesity and the variables by X2 test. Results: The 'maximum weight fluctuations/maximum weight' is not associated with the degree of obesity (Pearson correlation -0.79). 58.9% of patients come to a BSC motivated by a desire to improve their quality of life, and 26.1% do so to change their body image. Patients leave for being monotonous diets, unrealistic and stagnant in weight loss. Conclusions: Patients who come to a BSC have greater concern for quality of life as the reason for consultation and have failed with diets as a root cause for the monotony of these. Fluctuations in weight are not associated with the degree of obesity (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Insuficiencia del Tratamiento , Cirugía Bariátrica/tendencias , Índice de Masa Corporal , Dietética/métodos , Efecto Rebote , Pérdida de Peso/fisiología , Obesidad/dietoterapia , Obesidad/prevención & control , Obesidad Mórbida/dietoterapia , Obesidad Mórbida/prevención & control , Calidad de Vida , Imagen CorporalRESUMEN
Three plant sterol (PS)-enriched beverages, milk based fruit juice (MFJPS), fruit juice (FJPS) and milk beverage (MPS), were stored at 4, 24, or 37 °C and analysed at regular time intervals of 2 months until 6 months. PS stability was analysed from the production of phytosterol oxidation products (POPs). The ß-sitosterol oxides (7α/7ß-hydroxy, ß/α-epoxy, triol, and 7-keto) and campesterol oxides (ß/α-epoxy, and 7-keto) were detected in all beverages and at all storage times and temperatures. Total POP contents followed the order MPSâ«FJPS>MFJPS. In general, the beverages showed low PS oxidation levels (<0.17%). Predictive models of POP content versus storage time were established. These models explain total POP content by over 75% and individual POP content by over 50%. We propose 7-ketositosterol and 7-ketocampesterol as PS oxidation markers during storage of beverages of this kind.
Asunto(s)
Bebidas/análisis , Aditivos Alimentarios/química , Leche/química , Óxidos/química , Fitosteroles/química , Animales , Bovinos , Almacenamiento de Alimentos , Oxidación-ReducciónRESUMEN
A study was made of the effect of high-pressure processing (HPP) and thermal treatment (TT) on plant bioactive compounds (tocopherols, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid) in 12 fruit juice-milk beverages and of how the food matrix [whole milk (JW), skimmed milk (JS), and soy milk (JSy)] modulates their bioaccessibility (%). HPP (400 MPa/40 °C/5 min) produced a significant decrease in carotenoid and ascorbic acid bioaccessibility in all three beverages and maintained the bioaccessibility of tocopherols in JW and JS while decreasing it in JSy. TT (90 °C/30 s) produced a significant decrease in tocopherol and carotenoid bioaccessibility in all three beverages and increased the bioaccessibility of ascorbic acid. With regard to the food matrix, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid bioaccessibility was greatest in JW beverages and lowest in JSy beverages, whereas no significant differences were found among the three beverages in terms of carotenoid bioaccessibility. HPP-treated samples showed higher tocopherol and carotenoid bioaccessibility than TT-treated samples, thus indicating that HPP combined with a milk matrix positively modulates the bioaccessibility of certain types of bioactive components of food, mainly those of a lipophilic nature.
Asunto(s)
Ácido Ascórbico/farmacocinética , Carotenoides/farmacocinética , Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Leche/química , Alimentos de Soja/análisis , Tocoferoles/farmacocinética , Animales , Ácido Ascórbico/análisis , Bebidas/análisis , Disponibilidad Biológica , Carotenoides/análisis , Frutas/química , Calor , Técnicas In Vitro , Presión , Tocoferoles/análisisRESUMEN
AIM: To evaluate parents' satisfaction with the dental care that their children received in a primary dental care unit in Valencia, Spain. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was designed. Parents were given a self-administered questionnaire with questions on accessibility, information received from the dentist and hygienist, staff interest in their child, dentist's and hygienist's apparent professional competence, handling of the child's behaviour, cleanliness of the office (surgery), overall parent satisfaction, parent's and child's age, and parental educational level. The chi-square test was used to assess overall parental satisfaction and the other study variables. For the multivariant study, CHAID (CHi-square Automatic Interaction Detection) analysis was used. RESULTS: Out of a possible 400 respondents, 389 completed the questionnaire, of whom 384 completed it in full. The variables significantly associated with overall parental satisfaction were waiting time before the consultation, cleanliness of the surgery, the manner in which appointments were made, staff attitude with regard to helping, listening and understanding, the dentist's and hygienist's professionalism, handling of the child's behaviour, and information given by the dentist and hygienist. In logistic regression, the aspects that significantly explained parental satisfaction were the professionals' apparent competence, the information given by the dentist, staff interest in their child, and the handling of the child's behaviour. CONCLUSION: The parents who took part in this study were satisfied with the care that their children received, mainly with aspects related to professional competence and information provided.
Asunto(s)
Actitud Frente a la Salud , Atención Dental para Niños/psicología , Padres/psicología , Satisfacción Personal , Atención Primaria de Salud , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Citas y Horarios , Niño , Conducta Infantil , Preescolar , Competencia Clínica , Comunicación , Estudios Transversales , Higienistas Dentales , Odontólogos , Escolaridad , Femenino , Educación en Salud Dental , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Humanos , Higiene , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Relaciones Profesional-Paciente , España , Factores de Tiempo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic studies suggest that antioxidant-rich foods might reduce the risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. AIM: To test the health-protective potential of three fruit beverages, Fb (grape-orange-apricot), FbM (Fb with skimmed milk) and FbMFe [FbM + Fe(II)], in healthy women. METHODS: The influence of fruit beverage consumption (500 ml/day) upon serum antioxidant capacity determined by ORAC and TEAC methods and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was assessed in 32 healthy female volunteers. In the intervention study, each subject received the fruit beverages during three periods (3 weeks for Fb and FbM, and 12 weeks in the case of FbMFe), with a 2-week washout period between treatments. RESULTS: Intake of fruit beverages does not improve total antioxidant capacity. However, the induction of SOD found after fruit beverage consumption may be more effective than the effects of antioxidants present in these beverages, which can only stoichiometrically scavenge reactive species derived from oxidative stress. CONCLUSION: Iron added to FbM (FbMFe) showed induction of SOD activity, with no prooxidant effect, and could constitute a complementary source of iron, because the regular consumption of FbMFe may be beneficial for women of fertile age.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Bebidas , Frutas/química , Estado Nutricional , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Adulto , Estudios Cruzados , Femenino , Humanos , Oxidación-Reducción , Estrés Oxidativo/fisiología , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/sangre , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Free and total fluorescent compounds, browning index, and color formation were measured in milk-based powdered infant formulas (IF) during 2 years of storage at 20 and 37 degrees C. The excitation spectra from 415 nm emission show three peaks (ex lambda1 = 270 nm, lambda2 = 325/315 nm, lambda3 = 350 nm) and from 347 nm excitation two emission peaks (415 and 520 nm), and no wavelength shifts were observed. Temperature and time of storage exert in general no significant effect on the development of fluorescence emission intensity and browning index. However, an important increase in pentodilysine was recorded-probably because of the iron and ascorbic acid contents of the samples-as well as in browning index in adapted IF. In both IF a color increase (deltaE) throughout storage was observed, this increase being greater in samples stored at 37 degrees C than in those stored at 20 degrees C. The increase in color with time fitted a linear regression model. Color appeared to be an indicator of sufficient sensitivity to measure the effect of temperature or storage time.