RESUMEN
Since recently, a number of innovative polarization-based optical imaging modalities have been introduced and extensively used in various biomedical applications, with an ultimate aim to attain the practical tool for the optical biopsy and functional characterization of biological tissues. The techniques utilize polarization properties of light and Mueller matrix mapping of microscopic images of histological sections of biological tissues or polycrystalline films of biological fluids. The main drawback of currently developed laser polarimetry approaches and Mueller matrix mapping techniques is poor reproducibility of experimental data. This is due to azimuthal dependence of polarization and ellipticity values of most matrix elements to sample orientation in respect to incidence light polarization. Current study aims to generalize the methods of laser polarimetry for diagnosis of partially depolarizing optically anisotropic biological tissues. A method of differential Mueller matrix mapping for reconstruction of linear and circular birefringence and dichroism parameter distributions of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissues of different morphological structure is introduced and practically implemented. The coordinate distributions of the value of the first-order differential matrix elements of histological sections of brain tissue with spatially structured, optically anisotropic fibrillar network, as well as of parenchymatous tissue of the rectum wall with an "islet" polycrystalline structure are determined. Within the statistical analysis of polarization reproduced distributions of the averaged parameters of phase and amplitude anisotropy, the significant sensitivity of the statistical moments of the third and fourth orders to changes in the polycrystalline structure of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissue is observed. The differentiation of female reproductive sphere connective tissue is realized with excellent accuracy. The differential Mueller matrix mapping method for reconstruction of distributions of linear and circular birefringence and dichroism parameters of partially depolarizing layers of biological tissues of different morphological structures is proposed and substantiated. Differential diagnostics of changes in the phase (good balanced accuracy) and amplitude (excellent balanced accuracy) of the anisotropy of the partially depolarizing layers of the vagina wall tissue with prolapse of the genitals is realized. The maximum diagnostic efficiency of the first-order differential matrix method was demonstrated in comparison with the traditional methods of polarization and Mueller matrix mapping of histological sections of light-scattering biological tissues.
Asunto(s)
Imagen Óptica/métodos , Anisotropía , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Microscopía de Polarización , Estadística como AsuntoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: As in the case of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) has been rising with the increasing proportion of elderly women in the population. The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to evaluate the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) in urogynecological patients with a variable POP severity. METHODS: The MS risk factors (elevated waist circumference, elevated triglycerides, decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, hyperglycemia) were assessed in 100 women who were referred to our urogynecological center with pelvic floor disorders (PFD). POP was evaluated with the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system (POP-Q). RESULTS: The χ (2) test revealed that the diagnosis of MS and the presence of elevated triglycerides increased with the overall POP-Q stage. The other MS risk factors were not significantly associated with the overall POP-Q stage. MS and elevated triglycerides were predictors of the POP-Q stage ≥III [odds ratio (OR) 3.5, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.5-8.2 for MS and OR 3.4, 95 % CI 1.4-8.2 for elevated triglycerides, p < 0.01]. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of MS and the presence of elevated triglycerides may be associated with the severity of POP in urogynecological patients. Longitudinal studies are required to assess whether the MS risk factors might predict the progression of POP and whether elimination of the risk factors might improve the prognosis in POP patients.
Asunto(s)
Hipertrigliceridemia/epidemiología , Síndrome Metabólico/epidemiología , Prolapso de Órgano Pélvico/epidemiología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prolapso de Órgano Pélvico/diagnóstico , Proyectos Piloto , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Circunferencia de la CinturaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the present study was to determine possible correlations between mesh retraction after anterior vaginal mesh repair and de novo stress urinary incontinence (SUI), overactive bladder (OAB), and vaginal pain symptoms. METHODS: One hundred and three women with symptomatic prolapse of the anterior vaginal wall, stages 3 and 4 based on the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system, underwent Prolift anterior™ implantation. At a 6-month follow-up, the patients were interviewed for de novo SUI, OAB, and vaginal pain, and underwent an introital/transvaginal ultrasound examination to measure the mesh length in the midsagittal plane. RESULTS: Mesh retraction was significantly larger in a subgroup of patients (n = 20; 19.4 %) presenting de novo OAB symptoms on the follow-up assessment compared with those without this complication (5.0 cm vs. 4.3 cm; p < 0.05). Mesh retraction was also significantly larger in a subgroup of patients (n = 23; 22.3 %) reporting postoperative vaginal pain compared with the women who did not report any postoperative vaginal pain (5.3 cm vs. 4.2 cm; p < 0.01). A significant correlation was found between mesh retraction and the severity of vaginal pain (R = 0.4, p < 0.01). Mesh retraction did not differ between patients with de novo SUI symptoms and those without this complication. CONCLUSIONS: Mesh retraction assessed on ultrasound examination after anterior vaginal mesh repair may correlate with de novo OAB symptoms and vaginal pain.
Asunto(s)
Dolor Postoperatorio/etiología , Falla de Prótesis/efectos adversos , Mallas Quirúrgicas/efectos adversos , Vejiga Urinaria Hiperactiva/etiología , Incontinencia Urinaria de Esfuerzo/etiología , Prolapso Uterino/cirugía , Vagina/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Polipropilenos , Cabestrillo Suburetral/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Two cases of hypersomnia in children caused by therapeutic doses of oral clarithromycin are presented. Clarithromycin-induced hypersomnia in children has not been reported before. A 4-year-old girl and 13-year-old boy received clarithromycin as monotherapy. The girl fell into a deep sleep after every dose of the antibiotic. The boy reported daytime sleepiness and prolongation of night-time sleep during the antibiotic therapy. In both cases the hypersomnia receded after cessation of clarithromycin therapy. The onset of hypersomnia after clarithromycin intake, its remission once the drug was stopped, and the absence of other possible causative factors favored the diagnosis of clarithromycin-induced hypersomnia, further supported by the scores on Naranjo's Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale in both cases. Clinicians evaluating children receiving clarithromycin and exhibiting suddenly changed behavior should keep in mind that the antibiotic can produce uncommon adverse reactions.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/efectos adversos , Claritromicina/efectos adversos , Trastornos de Somnolencia Excesiva/inducido químicamente , Adolescente , Infecciones Bacterianas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Bronquitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Preescolar , Trastornos de Somnolencia Excesiva/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Narcolepsia/inducido químicamenteRESUMEN
AIMS: The study attempted to evaluate the kinetics of changes in serum TRAIL levels as a potential predictive and prognostic factor in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) or primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC), eligible for an interval debulking surgery (IDS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 17 patients with primary inoperable EOC or PPC in FIGO Stage IIIC or IV who underwent an exploratory operation were enrolled to the study. Serum TRAIL levels were determined by ELISA method (DIACLONE, Besancon Cedex, France) before and after two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) based on paclitaxel and platinum analogue (cisplatin or carboplatin). The control group consisted of six healthy volunteers. The median difference in concentration of TRAIL (dTRAIL) between the initial marking and after two courses of NAC in each patient was 192 pg/ml and it was used for dichotomization of the test group. RESULTS: Suboptimal interval debulking surgery (IDS) was performed in 23.5% (4/17) and optimal IDS in 76.5% (13/17) patients. TRAIL concentration before chemotherapy did not differ significantly between patients with EOC or PPC [1426.96 +/- 321.06 pg/ml (mean +/- SD) (U = 26, p = 0.08)] and the control group [1160.40 +/- 256.39 pg/ml (mean +/- SD. After two courses of NAC serum TRAIL concentration level was 1247.49 +/- 378.46 pg/ml (mean +/- SD). The difference was significant (Z = 2.44, p = 0.0147). Statistical analysis showed that dTRAIL did not significantly influence either extent of IDS (U = 35, p = 0.0962) or time to progression (log-rank test, p = 0.1185), overall survival (log-rank test, p = 0.1973) and response to treatment according to RECIST criteria (U = 35.5, p = 0.9616). CONCLUSIONS: Serum TRAIL concentration levels changed significantly during NAC. However, it seems that the concentration of this protein has no critical value as a predictive or prognostic factor in patients with EOC or PPC.
Asunto(s)
Terapia Neoadyuvante , Neoplasias Glandulares y Epiteliales/sangre , Neoplasias Ováricas/sangre , Neoplasias Peritoneales/sangre , Ligando Inductor de Apoptosis Relacionado con TNF/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Glandulares y Epiteliales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Glandulares y Epiteliales/mortalidad , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Ováricas/mortalidad , Neoplasias Peritoneales/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Peritoneales/mortalidad , Proyectos PilotoRESUMEN
UNLABELLED: The aim of the study was qualitative and quantitative evaluation of DNA adducts in squamous cell cervical carcinomas associated with oncogenic HPV infection. MATERIAL: The study material consisted of oncogenic tissue collected during the surgeries of seven women aged 37 to 52 who were undergoing surgical treatment due to squamous cell cervical carcinoma. The control group consisted of 3 tissue fragments from morphologically normal cervix collected from patients undergoing surgery due to uterine myomas. METHODS: DNA from the tissues was isolated using Genomic Prep Plus kit from A&A Biotechnology, Austria. Amplification reactions detecting HPV DNA presence in the tissue fragments were performed using specific starters allowing for amplification of conservative genome fragments within L1, E6 and E7 Papilloma viruses. After extraction, the DNA specimens underwent enzymatic digestion to nucleotides and marked on the 5' end using gamma32P-post labeling technique. Division and quantitative evaluation of DNA adducts was performed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on PEI-cellulose plates. Qualitative radioactivity measurements were performed using Bio-Imaging analyzer in quantitative mode. RESULTS: In all fragments, including the control, HPV 16 and/or 18 DNA was found. Mean adduct content in cervical carcinoma tissues was 289 adducts per 10(9) nucleotides and was higher than mean adduct content in control tissues (57 adducts per 10(9) nucleotides). CONCLUSIONS: The study results suggest that the content of DNA adducts in squamous cell cervical cancer associated with HPV infection may serve as a molecular marker of oncogenesis in this organ.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virología , Aductos de ADN/análisis , ADN Viral/análisis , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones Tumorales por Virus/virología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/virología , Adulto , Biomarcadores de Tumor/análisis , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Papillomaviridae/genéticaRESUMEN
The stromal Leydig cell tumour (SLCT), a very rare, benign neoplasm was described in 75-year old woman. The patient presented the typical signs of virilisation (hirsutism, masculine alopecia, moderate clitoris enlargement, deep voice) as well as hypertension and insulin independent type of diabetes mellitus (IIDM). Additionally, she had marked ascites (3400 ml as established during surgery). The serum concentration of testosterone before the surgery was elevated up to 7.6 ng/ml. FSH and LH were at very low range (2.5 mIU/ml, 3.4 mIU/ml, respectively) whereas 17 beta-oestradiol was elevated (56 pg/ml). Total abdominal hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH/BSO) and omentectomy were performed. The histopathological findings revealed stromal Leydig cell tumour with Reinke crystalloids. The postoperative follow-up was complicated by venous thrombosis. Five weeks after the surgery only slight regression of the signs of virilisation was observed. Hormonal findings were adequate to the patient age range (FSH--16.7 mIU/ml, LH--21.1 mIU/ml, testosterone--0.19 ng/ml, 17 beta-oestradiol concentration below 10 pg/ml).
Asunto(s)
Ascitis/etiología , Tumor de Células de Leydig/complicaciones , Tumor de Células de Leydig/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ováricas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Ováricas/diagnóstico , Virilismo/etiología , Anciano , Ascitis/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión/etiología , Histerectomía , Tumor de Células de Leydig/sangre , Tumor de Células de Leydig/cirugía , Neoplasias Ováricas/sangre , Neoplasias Ováricas/cirugía , Ovariectomía , Testosterona/sangre , Factores de Tiempo , Virilismo/sangreRESUMEN
The association of mother's malignancy with metastases to the products of conception is rarely reported. We present 8th case reported in the literature of oat-cell lung carcinoma complicated by an aggressive clinical course and documented placental metastases. Review of all published cases of lung cancer metastasizing to the placenta is also presented. A 44-year-old white pregnant woman at an estimated gestational age of 30 weeks presented with cervical incompetence symptoms and multiple tumors of 2-4 cm in diameter located in the subcutaneous tissue of the chest, including both breasts. The biopsy revealed a metastatic oat-cell carcinoma. Cesarean section was performed immediately. During the procedure, micronodular metastatic infiltration of the liver was noted. Microscopic examination of placenta showed clusters of oat-cell carcinoma calls within the intervillous spaces; no infiltration of villi themselves was noted. The malignant cells were morphologically identical as those of the subcutaneous metastases. The woman succumbed to cancer and died on the 16th postoperative day. Lung cancer metastasizing to the placenta is relatively rarely reported. In all cases only placental metastases were found; the fetus in all cases was spared. Only in one out of 8 reported cases outcome of mother was not fatal. It should be emphasized that not in all cases of maternal malignancy the histological examination of the placental was made Therefore it is possible that the incidence of placental involvement is more often than it is reported.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Broncogénico/patología , Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/secundario , Enfermedades Placentarias/patología , Complicaciones Neoplásicas del Embarazo/patología , Adulto , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Placenta/irrigación sanguínea , Placenta/patología , Enfermedades Placentarias/etiología , Embarazo , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/secundarioRESUMEN
beta 1 integrins, receptors responsible for the binding of extracellular matrix proteins, mediate activation, adhesion, migration and differentiation in different tissue compartments. It has been recently demonstrated that integrins are distributed on sperm surface and on T cells, as well. The aim of this study was to establish influence of antisperm antibodies on T cell adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins in women with a history of unexplained infertility.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de la Matriz Extracelular/inmunología , Infertilidad Femenina/inmunología , Integrinas/inmunología , Espermatozoides/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Adulto , Formación de Anticuerpos , Antígenos CD/inmunología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Adhesión Celular/inmunología , Colágeno Tipo IV/inmunología , Elastina/inmunología , Femenino , Fibronectinas/inmunología , Humanos , Infertilidad Femenina/sangre , Masculino , Fitohemaglutininas/metabolismo , Embarazo , Acetato de Tetradecanoilforbol/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Determination of the relationship between hydrophobic DNA adducts (A) and estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor status in uterine cancers. METHODS: Using the P1 enriched version of 32P-postlabeling for hydrophobic DNA adducts detection on polyethyleneimine (PEI) cellulose thin layer chromatograms (TLC) we examined 11 uterine cancer DNAs. The quantification of the adducts was performed by Cerenkov counting of the spots. ER and PR status was recognized histochemically and H-score estimate was performed for each investigated cancer tissue. Patterns of uterine cancer DNA adducts were compared to the maps of adducts recognized in normal human endometrium. RESULTS: In three of the studied uterine cancers there was no positive staining of ER and PR; in one case there was a weak ER staining but PR staining was negative. In ER negative tumors the A level was significantly higher than in ER positive cancers (138.1 +/- 64.1 vs. 49.7 +/- 26.8 adducts per 10(9) nucleotides, respectively, p < 0.05). Highest A levels were found in two ER and PR negative G3 metastatic tumors. Finally, in all investigated cancers there was a strong, inverse correlation between ER content and A level (r = -0.67, p < 0.03). In addition, the correlation between PR level and A was of borderline significance (r = -0.6, p = 0.053). The TLC patterns of adducts in uterine tumors were found to be qualitatively similar, but not quantitatively, to those observed in normal human endometrium DNA. CONCLUSION: The data presented suggest that the hydrophobic DNA adducts could play a role in a sex-steroid hormone independence of human endometrial cancers. The highest accumulation of DNA adducts was recognized in neoplasms displaying the most malignant phenotype.
Asunto(s)
Aductos de ADN/análisis , ADN de Neoplasias/análisis , Receptores de Estrógenos/análisis , Receptores de Progesterona/análisis , Neoplasias Uterinas/patología , Autorradiografía , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Uterinas/genéticaRESUMEN
Overall genomic DNA methylation was analyzed using enzymatic digestion into nucleotides, 32P postlabeling, two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on cellulose plates and phosphobioimaging quantitation, in relation to immunohistochemically measured estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status of 15 uterine cancers. Mean 5-methyldeoxycytosine (m5dC) content did not differ between ER-positive and ER-negative neoplasms. Highest values of m5dC were noted both in ER-negative and ER-positive tumors. Additionally, there was no low DNA methylation in ER negative uterine cancer tissues. Decrease of the overall genomic DNA methylation could be related to the increase of ER/PR ratio, however it was not significant in our investigation. The potential role of steroid receptors status in uterine cancer tissue is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Neoplasias Uterinas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Uterinas/patología , Útero/metabolismo , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biopsia , Metilación de ADN , Metilasas de Modificación del ADN/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Útero/patologíaRESUMEN
The symptoms and consequences of iron deficiency in the child are described as found in the literature. The role of iron in immune processes is presented and it is noted that there is no proof for the theory of the development of bacterial infections as a result of giving oral iron supplements. The influence of breast milk and cow milk on the intestinal uptake and loss of iron is discussed. Feeding infants formulae or milk-substitute formulae after cessation of breastfeeding prevents the increased blood loss in the digestive tract, which results from the introduction of cow's milk. The iron content of selected Polish infant formulae, follow-on formulae and milk-substitute formulae available on the market are given and compared with FAO, WHO, ESPGAN and EC recommendations. Results of the authors' own researches on the iron content of selected Polish powdered whole cow's milks are presented. The measurements, made by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), showed that iron content of whole powdered milks ranged from 0.23 to 1.19 mg/dm3. The values do not vary significantly from those in the literature on the iron content of unboiled cow's milk. It is shown that up to the point of the doubling of birth weight, formula-fed infants should be fed modified milk containing at least 2 mg/dm3 of iron. Thereafter infants should receive milk containing at least 7 mg/dm3 of iron.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Carenciales/prevención & control , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales del Lactante , Deficiencias de Hierro , Hierro de la Dieta/farmacocinética , Adolescente , Animales , Niño , Desarrollo Infantil/fisiología , Preescolar , Femenino , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/prevención & control , Humanos , Lactante , Alimentos Infantiles/análisis , Alimentos Infantiles/normas , Recién Nacido , Hierro de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , Hierro de la Dieta/metabolismo , Masculino , Leche/metabolismo , Leche Humana/metabolismo , Necesidades NutricionalesRESUMEN
The role of iron in the child organism, as well as the blood's role in regulating the iron homeostasis is described on the basis of relevant literature. From developmental data on Warsaw children and from relevant literature, the child average body iron content and the child average daily iron requirement, which is at age 0-0.5, 0.5-1 and 1-2 years 0.51, 0.92 and 0.76 mg for boys and for girls 0.42, 0.86 and 0.74 mg respectively, are calculated. It is noted that the daily physiological iron loss during the first two years of life can be as much as 50% of the daily iron requirement. Among the causes of infant iron deficiency are the greater blood losses during the peri- and postnatal periods, decreased dietary iron, as well as increased need for iron related to significant body growth. The loss of one ml of blood in children results in the loss of from 0.33 to 0.66 mg of iron. On the basis of the changes in body iron content of infants having various birth weights, it is shown that the quantity of iron needed for proper development is independent of the birth weight. The quantity of iron required by premature infants and children with low birth weight is 25-50% greater, after the infant doubles its birth weight, than that needed by full-term and normal birth weight infants.
Asunto(s)
Desarrollo Infantil/fisiología , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales del Lactante/fisiología , Hierro/metabolismo , Necesidades Nutricionales , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Homeostasis , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Hierro/farmacocinética , Masculino , Proteínas/metabolismo , Valores de ReferenciaRESUMEN
HPV (types 16 and 18) DNA sequences are present in the majority of precancerous and cancerous lesions of the human uterine cervix. However, data concerning the involvement of HPVs infection in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer are controversial. In the current study we investigated the frequency of the HPV types 16 and 18, detected by PCR amplification using the type 16- and 18-specific primers within the E7 Open Reading Frame (ORF) sequence, in 54 human endometrial carcinomas obtained from women of Polish origin. Moreover, we assessed the possible association of the HPV with the clinicopathological features of the cancer, patients' outcome as well as with the K-ras codon 12 gene point mutations. HPV type 16 was present in eleven out of 54 (20%) endometrial tumors, while HPV type 18 was detected only in three out of 54 (4%) neoplasms analyzed. HPV infection was not related either to the patients' age (r=0.11; p=0.428, Spearman correlation test) or to the clinicopathological parameters and patients' prognosis. A higher incidence of HPV 16/18 was detected in well (G1) differentiated than in moderately (G2) and poorly (G3) differentiated endometrial adenocarcinomas, but the difference was not statistically significant. Moreover, none of HPV-positive endometrial carcinomas harbored K-ras codon 12 gene point mutations. Our results suggest that some of the endometrial carcinomas are associated with HPV infection but the presence of the human papillamovirus types 16/18 is not related to the clinicopathological or prognostical features of the neoplasm.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Endometriales/virología , Endometrio/virología , Papillomaviridae/clasificación , Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma/virología , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/genética , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/patología , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/cirugía , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/virología , Anciano , Carcinoma Adenoescamoso/genética , Carcinoma Adenoescamoso/patología , Carcinoma Adenoescamoso/cirugía , Carcinoma Adenoescamoso/virología , Neoplasias Endometriales/genética , Neoplasias Endometriales/mortalidad , Neoplasias Endometriales/patología , Neoplasias Endometriales/cirugía , Femenino , Genes ras , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Invasividad Neoplásica , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Sistemas de Lectura Abierta , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Mutación Puntual , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Pronóstico , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
Clinical and biochemical parameters were analysed in 55 patients who underwent a caesarean section performed using Misgav Ladach method compared to reference group of 41 patients who underwent caesarean section using Pfannenstiel method. Shortened operation time, shortened hospitalisation time and less postoperative morbidity were observed in the Misgav Ladach group. This kind of method seems to have advantages in comparison to Pfannenstiel method.
Asunto(s)
Cesárea/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , EmbarazoRESUMEN
Transgenic mice provide a unique tool for studying the tissue specificity and mutagenic potential of chemicals. Because 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) was found mutagenic in bacteria, clastogenic in bone marrow, and induces DNA adducts in animals, we were interested to determinine whether this xenobiotic provokes (1) cell proliferation, (2) transcriptional activity changes, (3) DNA adducts, and (4) hepatic mutations in transgenic Big Blue mice carrying the lambdaLIZ phage shuttle vector. Big Blue C57/Bl male mice were treated with a single intraperitoneal dose of 80 mg/kg 3MC for 1, 3, 6, 14, or 30 days. Cell proliferation was checked by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine labeling and immunohistochemical detection. The maximal increase of the mitotic index was evidenced after 3 days (2.9 times the control value; P < 0.01). The relative nucleus area, reflecting the transcriptional activity, was also the highest in the treated group after 3 days: 1.86 times the control value, on average (P < 0.01). Four major DNA adducts, determined according to the [(32)P]-postlabeling method, were evidenced in liver DNA of treated mice, 6 days after the treatment: the spot intensities increased in a time-dependent manner. The mutant frequency of liver DNA was the highest after 14 days: 20.3 +/- 2.9 x 10(-5) in the treated vs. 7.6 +/- 2.7 x 10(-5) in the control mice (P < 0.01). Sequencing of the lambda lacI mutant plaques showed mainly G:C --> T:A and C:G --> A:T transversions. In conclusion, 3MC at first induced nuclear enlargement and a slight increase of cell proliferation in liver, followed by parallel formation of DNA adducts and mutations. This study shows how transgenic models allow in vivo evaluation of mechanistically simultaneous endpoints.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Escherichia coli , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Metilcolantreno/toxicidad , Mutágenos/toxicidad , Animales , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Secuencia de Bases , División Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Aductos de ADN , Cartilla de ADN , Represoras Lac , Hígado/citología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Transgénicos , Mutación , Tamaño de los Órganos , Proteínas Represoras/genéticaRESUMEN
During 1991 and 1992, 77 patients with breast cancer were treated with induction chemotherapy using the CMFV and FAC protocols at the Lublin Oncological Centre. The degree of cancer cell damage in the specimens obtained postoperatively was evaluated by microscopy. Complete or substantial damage of neoplastic cells was found in 29% of the cases; whereas minimal to no damage was found in 71% of specimens. After assessing the 5-year survival periods of our patients in relation to the degree of cancer cell damage after induction chemotherapy, a statistically significant correlation was noted. Five-year survival without cancer symptoms was observed in 64% of cases in which the cell damage was estimated as considerable, and only in 34% in which the damage was slight or not notable. A much weaker correlation was observed between the degree of breast cancer cell damage after inductive chemotherapy and clinical response.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Neoplasias de la Mama/mortalidad , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Tasa de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
Several data indicate that the activation of oncogenes and growth factors as well as inactivation of the tumor suppressor genes are implicated in the development of human neoplasms, including sarcomas. In the present study we described a case of the extremely rare, but highly malignant neoplasm of the female genital tract known as sarcoma botryoides of the uterine cervix and assessed, using molecular and an immunohistochemical analysis, p53 and K-ras alterations in the tumor. A point mutation in exon 6 of the p53 tumor suppressor gene was found but no K-ras gene point mutations at codons 12, 13 and 61 were detected using molecular analysis. p53 protein was overexpressed in more than half of the neoplastic cells, however, ras p21 protein expression was not immunohistochemically detected. Our data indicate that p53, but not K-ras gene alterations may play a role in the development and progression of sarcoma botryoides of the uterine cervix.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras)/genética , Rabdomiosarcoma Embrionario/genética , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/genética , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/genética , Adolescente , Resultado Fatal , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Mutación Puntual , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , Polimorfismo Conformacional Retorcido-Simple , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas p21(ras)/metabolismo , Rabdomiosarcoma Embrionario/metabolismo , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To investigate serum leptin concentrations in women taking oral contraceptives containing the same gestagen and different doses of ethinyl estradiol. STUDY DESIGN: 30 women received tablets containing 20 microg of ethinyl estradiol (EE) and 150 microg of desogestrel (DSG) (Mercilon) whereas another group of 30 women received 30 microg of EE and 150 microg of DSG (Marvelon). Serum leptin concentrations were estimated using a Leptin RIA kit (Linco Research USA) after an overnight fast on the first day of the cycle prior to the onset of therapy as well as after the 3rd and 6th treated cycles. RESULTS: In both groups a positive correlation between serum leptin and body mass index (BMI) was found (r=0.56; P<0.001 and r=0.67; P<0.001). The initial serum leptin concentration in the Mercilon group was 7.62+/-8.46 ng/ml. This value was not statistically different from values after 3 months (9.31 8.23 ng/ml) and after 6 months (10.53+/-8.03 ng/ml) of treatment. Very similar results were found in patients receiving Marvelon: 8.81+/-6.56 ng/ml initially; 11.62+/-11.16 ng/ml at 3 months, and 10.38+/-7.32 ng/ml at 6 months. The statistical analysis did not reveal any significant difference at each investigated time point in either study group. CONCLUSIONS: Modern low dose OC containing third generation gestagen and low dose of ethinyl estradiol, does not have any influence on serum leptin or BMI, and therefore does not exert a significant influence on body energy metabolism.