RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: To analyse the clinical and demographic features of infants with gestational age (GA) of 32-37 weeks (wk) and birth weight (BW) of >1500 g who developed treatment requiring retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). METHODS: Data on the infants with a GA of 32-37 wk and BW >1500 g who developed treatment-requiring ROP were collected retrospectively from the 33 ROP centres in Turkiye. GA, BW, type of hospital, neonatal intensive care units (NICU) level, presence of an ophthalmologist and neonatologist in the same hospital, length of stay in NICU, duration of oxygen therapy, comorbidities, type of ROP and timing for treatment-requiring ROP (TR-ROP) development were analysed. RESULTS: 366 infants were included in the study. Mean GA and BW were 33±1 wk and 1896±316g, respectively. Duration of hospitalisation was 3-4 wk in 46.8% of them. The first ROP examination was performed at postnatal 4-5 wk in 80.3% of infants, which was significantly later in level 2 and lower NICUs and non-university clinics. ROP was detected in 90.9% of infants at the first ROP examination, especially in clinics without an ophthalmologist. In 15.3% of the infants, treatment was required in the fourth postnatal week. The mean postnatal week of TR-ROP development was 6.16±2.04 wk. CONCLUSION: Routine ROP screening thresholds need to be expanded in hospitals with suboptimal NICU conditions considering the development of TR-ROP in more mature and heavier preterm infants. The first ROP examination should be earlier than the fourth postnatal week.

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate patients with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) during and after resolution of inflammation to investigate the effect of this entity on the retinal and choroidal circulation. METHODS: The study included 38 eyes of 19 patients diagnosed as having MIS-C between March 2021 and June 2021. OCTA measurements of choroidal thickness and vessel density in the radial peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP), superficial capillary plexus (SCP), and deep capillary plexus (DCP) obtained at time of diagnosis and 60 days later were compared. Correlations between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at diagnosis and retinochoroidal involvement were investigated. RESULTS: Compared to post-recovery follow-up examinations, patients with active MIS-C showed foveal avascular zone enlargement (p = 0.031), decreased vessel density in the temporal parafoveal SCP (p = 0.047) and all parafoveal areas of the DCP (p < 0.05 for all), and increased choroidal thickness (p = 0.021). Correlation analysis between CRP levels and OCTA changes during MIS-C revealed significant negative correlations with all parafoveal sectors of the SCP and DCP and a significant positive correlation with CT. CONCLUSION: There were especially marked effects on the DCP and choroid in MIS-C patients. Our findings also correlate with CRP levels. The use of optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome may have potential future implications for detecting ocular microvascular changes that occur before permanent damage develops. Clinical Trial Registration Number and Date: 77/1340; March 1, 2021.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To determine normative data and reference ranges according to age groups by measuring the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), superficial capillary plexus vascular density (SCP-VD), deep capillary plexus vascular density (DVP-VD), radial peripapillary capillary plexus vessel density (RPC-VD), and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (ppRNFL) in healthy children and to determine the age and sex-related changes of these values. METHODS: This prospective study included data from 370 eyes of 370 healthy children (202 girls, 168 boys) aged 7-18 years. Participants were divided into four groups according to their age. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) measurements were taken using AngioVue (Avanti; Optivue). RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was observed in terms of FAZ, SCP-VD, DCP-VD, RPC-VD, and ppRNFL thickness values according to the age groups (except the RPC-VD superior) (p > 0.05 for all). VDs in all deep parafoveal regions in groups 1 and 2 were higher in girls. While FAZ values were higher in girls in all age groups (statistically significant in groups 1, 3, and 4), ad SPD and DPD values were higher in boys in all age groups (statistically significant in group 1 and 2 for SPD, and group 1 and 3 for DPD). CONCLUSIONS: We report normal reference ranges for macula and disk vessel density and ppRNFL parameters in healthy children aged 7-18 years using OCTA. These normative values could be useful in diagnosing retina and optic disk disease early in childhood.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To present a surgical intervention for a posterior haptic trapped between the cartridge and plunger during intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Posterior haptic incarceration was detected in 36 cases during implantation of a one-piece foldable IOL during cataract surgery with phacoemulsification. In 11 of the patients (Group 1), recovery was achieved by forcibly pulling out the incarcerated posterior haptic. In 25 cases (Group 2), the haptic was recovered by using an MVR knife to cut the cartridge tip from the bottom up parallel to the trapped haptic. RESULTS: In Group 1, tears were seen on the incarcerated haptic in all cases (100%). In Group 2, the procedure was successful in all 25 cases and there was no accidental cutting of the haptic. In all cases, the surgeries were completed with the recovered IOL in Group 2. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior haptic incarceration in cataract surgery can be solved by the simple and easy method of cutting the cartridge tip from the bottom upwards and releasing the haptic.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether unfolding time of Descemet membrane (DM) graft rolls changes at various fluid temperatures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was prospective, ex vivo, and experimental. The study was conducted at the tertiary center for corneal disease in Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital between June 2014 and June 2015. DMs were divided into 4 categories according to baseline roll tightness and these were distributed among 4 different groups using 4 different balanced salt solution (BSS) temperatures (8, 16, 23, and 36 °C). Sixteen donor corneas were obtained from the hospital eye bank. RESULTS: DM roll formations may vary according to the donor cornea received. Some form tighter rolls while others can form a more open roll. No differences in roll tightness were observed in any of the DM rolls after 5 or 10 minutes in the different BBS temperatures. In all groups, neither tightening nor opening was observed in DM roll formations. CONCLUSION: Different BSS temperatures were found to have no effects on DM unfolding time in this study.

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: This study aims to report the differences in the findings of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) between premature babies and their families at an outbreak of viral conjunctivitis. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, premature babies (25 patients) who were diagnosed with EKC and the family members (30 patients, mother, father, or grandmother/father) who had EKC after contacting them were monitored closely. Patients were divided into two groups as preterm babies (group 1) and adults (group 2). RESULTS: The present study investigated particularly subepithelial corneal infiltrates (SEI) occurrence after EKC, which was searched for at each visit in the 2nd week, 1st month, and 3rd month after EKC. Distribution of SEI in two groups was statistically significant at each visit (<0.0001). There was more SEI in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: None of the preterm cases were found to have SEI after EKC.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants with active adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis (AKC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed using the medical records of all infants treated with intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents during an AKC outbreak previously reported in the literature at a tertiary center for treatment of ROP. The infants were divided into two groups. Group 1 included nine infants (18 eyes) with AKC, while Group 2 included 13 infants (26 eyes) without AKC. RESULTS: During the AKC outbreak, 22 infants were treated with anti-VEGF agents for treatment-requiring ROP. In all patients in both groups, the ROP and plus disease displayed a significant regression within 2 days after the intravitreal injections. Moreover, no serious complications such as endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, cataract or intravitreal hemorrhage were observed after the treatment and there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: Immediate and appropriate intervention is very important in cases of treatment-requiring ROP otherwise it can result in blindness. However, laser treatment for ROP is technically difficult in infants with active AKC. The results of this study showed that favorable outcomes without serious ocular complications could be obtained via intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents in infants with active AKC.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To compare clinical outcomes of cases who underwent deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) and cases who were converted to penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) from DALK surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 54 patients for whom DALK surgery was planned and were operated for different diagnoses between March 2013 and June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (PKP group) consisted of 23 cases who were converted to PKP due to Descemet's membrane perforation at any stage of surgery; group 2 (DALK group) consisted of 31 patients whose surgery could be completed as DALK. Preoperative and postoperative follow-up results were evaluated in each group. RESULTS: Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) increased in the postoperative period according to baseline in both groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the rates of CDVA increase between the groups (p=0.142). The mean astigmatism measured by corneal topography at final examination was 5.8±2.3 diopters in group 1 and 5.4±1.8 diopters in group 2. The difference between groups was not statistically significant (p=0.430). The groups were not statistically different regarding postoperative pachymetry (p=0.453). The grafts in all 54 patients (100%) were clear at final postoperative examination. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: Similar clinical outcomes were obtained in our study for patients who underwent DALK and those whose procedure was converted from DALK to PKP.

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To compare the effects on the process of retinal vascularization of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) and intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in the treatment of severe retinopathy of prematurity. METHODS: The present study is a bi-centered retrospective study. While 44 eyes of 22 patients in group 1 were applied 0.625 mg bevacizumab, 46 eyes of 23 patients in group 2 were applied 0.25 mg ranibizumab. Retinal vascularization was evaluated clinically. RESULTS: The mean time for completion of vascularization was found to be postmenstrual 55.93 ± 4.13 weeks in group 1 and 56.30 ± 4.30 weeks in group 2. There were significant differences in the recurrence prevalence between the two groups. The prevalence of recurrence was found to be significantly higher in the ranibizumab group than in the bevacizumab group (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that after IVR or IVB treatment, vascularization could be completed with delay; there were no differences in this delay time between the ranibizumab and bevacizumab groups. Besides, avascular areas may remain in the peripheral retina, and additional treatment may be necessary after IVB or IVR treatment. When the treatment was applied as monotherapy, more recurrence was observed in the ranibizumab group.

Asunto(s)