RESUMEN
Cancer immunotherapy is a promising strategy in cancer management, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This experimental study aimed to evaluate interleukin-10 (IL-10) as a biomarker for monitoring the response of tumor-derived autophagosomes vaccine in inducing antitumor immunity in HCC induced mice. It was conducted on 56 BALB/c mice; divided into 20 normal and 36, cancer induced with human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) cells. The latter group was subdivided into a positive control group (n=6) and a treated group (n=30), that was subdivided into 3 subgroups: (A) treated with dendritic cells (DC) vaccine only, (B) treated with vaccine named Dribbles only, and (C) treated with DC plus Dribbles. Serum IL-10 was assessed after immunotherapy. The mean percentage of tumor volume reduction in mice vaccinated by DC plus Dribbles was significantly superior to DC and Dribbles groups (p= 0.013, and p= 0.043, respectively). There was a statistically significant difference in IL-10 levels between different immunotherapy groups (p= 0.0003). As the mean IL-10 level was 19.50 pg/ml for the positive control group, 13 pg/ml for Dribbles group, 10 pg/ml for DCs group and 3.50 pg/ml for DCs plus Dribbles group. We conclude that DC-Dribbles vaccine has a remarkable efficacy superior to either Dribbles alone or DC alone in the decline of HCC development and survival improvement. IL-10 is a predictive biomarker for response after immunotherapy.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra el Cáncer , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Células Dendríticas , Inmunoterapia , Interleucina-10 , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Animales , Interleucina-10/sangre , Interleucina-10/inmunología , Células Dendríticas/inmunología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/inmunología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Ratones , Neoplasias Hepáticas/inmunología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Humanos , Vacunas contra el Cáncer/inmunología , Vacunas contra el Cáncer/administración & dosificación , Inmunoterapia/métodos , Células Hep G2 , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Biomarcadores de Tumor/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory dermatological disorders in childhood. Assessment of AD severity is the initial step in designing the proper therapeutic plan. Moreover, it is imperative for evaluation of disease improvement during and following therapy. This study was designed to assess the prognostic role of miRNA-155 (miR-155) in the prediction of AD severity as the primary outcome. While the secondary outcome was to correlate the serum miR-155 expression levels with the scoring atopic dermatitis (SCORAD) severity index. This case-control study included 24 children with AD and 24 apparently healthy children as a control group. AD children were stratified according to the SCORAD severity index. Approximately 58% of children had mild AD, 25% moderate AD, and about 17% severe AD. Children with AD had statistically significantly higher miR-155 expression levels in comparison to the control children, (p < 0.001). Children with severe AD had statistically significantly higher miR-155 expression levels compared to mild AD children (p=0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for miR-155 demonstrated that miR-155 can differentiate between children with mild AD and those with moderate-to-severe AD, with an area under the curve of 0.879, and an excellent discrimination power. A statistically strong significant positive correlation existed between miR-155 levels and SCORAD severity index (rs= 0.666, p < 0.001). In conclusion, MiR-155 could be considered as a non-invasive biomarker of AD severity in children. It is a promising prognostic tool in the prediction of AD severity.
Asunto(s)
Dermatitis Atópica , MicroARNs , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Humanos , Dermatitis Atópica/sangre , Dermatitis Atópica/diagnóstico , Dermatitis Atópica/genética , MicroARNs/sangre , MicroARNs/genética , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Preescolar , Biomarcadores/sangre , Pronóstico , Curva ROCRESUMEN
Aging enhances numerous processes that compromise homeostasis and pathophysiological processes. Among these, activated HSCs play a pivotal role in advancing liver fibrosis. This research delved into how aging impacts liver fibrosis mechanisms. The study involved 32 albino rats categorized into four groups: Group I (young controls), Group II (young with liver fibrosis), Group III (old controls), and Group IV (old with liver fibrosis). Various parameters including serum ALT, adiponectin, leptin, and cholesterol levels were evaluated. Histopathological analysis was performed, alongside assessments of TGF-ß, FOXP3, and CD133 gene expressions. Markers of fibrosis and apoptosis were the highest in group IV. Adiponectin levels significantly decreased in Group IV compared to all other groups except Group II, while cholesterol levels were significantly higher in liver fibrosis groups than their respective control groups. Group III displayed high hepatic expression of desmin, α-SMA, GFAP and TGF- ß and in contrast to Group I. Increased TGF-ß and FOXP3 gene expressions were observed in Group IV relative to Group II, while CD133 gene expression decreased in Group IV compared to Group II. In conclusion, aging modulates immune responses, impairs regenerative capacities via HSC activation, and influences adipokine and cholesterol levels, elevating the susceptibility to liver fibrosis.
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas , Cirrosis Hepática , Animales , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/metabolismo , Células Estrelladas Hepáticas/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/metabolismo , Cirrosis Hepática/patología , Cirrosis Hepática/genética , Ratas , Masculino , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Colesterol/metabolismo , Colesterol/sangre , Apoptosis , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous warts are the commonest benign lesion produced by human papillomavirus. Lesions often regress spontaneously yet have a high rate of recurrence. They impair patients' quality of life and carry the potential risk of cancer. Nowadays, Candida antigen immunotherapy has become an encouraging therapeutic modality for warts. We tried to assess the role of the complement pathway and T helper 1 immune response in clinical response to Candida antigen immunotherapy via complement component 3c (C3c) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, respectively. METHODS: A total of 44 patients with cutaneous warts were enrolled in the study. Patients were injected with Candida antigen at 2-week interval until complete clearance of the lesion or for a maximum of 5 sessions. Blood samples were collected before initiation and after completion of immunotherapy. C3 and C4 were measured using an automated turbidimetric method. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), C3c, and TNF-α were measured using enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. RESULTS: A total of 56.4%, 17.9%, and 25.7% of the patients showed complete, partial, and no response to immunotherapy, respectively. Lesions on the dorsum of the foot and sole showed significant clearance (p value = 0.037). All patients had no deficient C3, C4, and MBL serum levels. C3c and TNF-α serum levels were significantly higher in non-responder group (p value < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). C3c and TNF-α serum levels were strongly correlated in all the studied patients (r = 0.8, p value < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Candida antigen immunotherapy is an effective therapeutic modality for cutaneous warts. C3c and TNF-α serum levels were higher in patients who failed to respond to immunotherapy. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER: NCT04399577 , May 2020 "retrospectively registered".