Estimates and explanations of gender differentials in contraceptive prevalence rates.
Stud Fam Plann
; 28(2): 104-21, 1997 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-9216031
ABSTRACT
PIP: An analysis of Demographic and Health Survey data from Central African Republic, Ghana, Haiti, Kenya, and Zimbabwe revealed large gender differentials in the reporting of contraceptive use. In all five countries, men/husbands reported greater practice of contraception than women/wives. This gap ranged from 5 percentage points in Ghana to 25 percentage points in Kenya. The reporting of contraceptive use by only one partner of a couple may result from multiple sexual relationships, secret contraceptive use, or differential perceptions of what constitutes contraception. In these five countries, most of the gender gap was associated with condoms, abstinence, and (in Zimbabwe) the pill. An analysis of these differentials suggests more overreporting of current use among husbands than underreporting among wives. To the extent that polygynous men are more likely than their wives to report use of methods of which the wife would have equal or more knowledge than the husband (e.g., the pill), a polygyny effect is indicated in Zimbabwe. The results for Ghana and Kenya (the only surveys where information on knowledge of the ovulatory cycle is available for husbands) suggest the gap in reporting of periodic abstinence results mainly from husband's inaccurate knowledge of the reproductive cycle and this method. Finally, if all the gaps in condom use between marital partners are attributed to the assumption of the differential role of condom use (pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease prevention), this factor would explain 12% (Haiti) to 38% (Ghana and Zimbabwe) of the net gap in contraceptive prevalence rate estimates. More detailed questioning on the use of condoms and periodic abstinence would improve the reliability of these surveys.
Palavras-chave
Africa; Africa South Of The Sahara; Americas; Barrier Methods; Caribbean; Central African Republic; Condom; Contraception; Contraceptive Methods; Contraceptive Prevalence; Contraceptive Usage; Couples; Demographic And Health Surveys; Demographic Factors; Demographic Surveys; Developing Countries; Eastern Africa; English Speaking Africa; Family And Household; Family Characteristics; Family Planning; Family Planning, Behavioral Methods; French Speaking Africa; Gender Issues; Ghana; Haiti; Kenya; Latin America; Measurement; Middle Africa; North America; Population; Population Characteristics; Population Dynamics; Reliability; Research Methodology; Research Report; Sex Factors; Sexual Abstinence; Western Africa; Zimbabwe
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde
/
Cônjuges
/
Anticoncepção
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Qualitative_research
/
Risk_factors_studies
Aspecto:
Determinantes_sociais_saude
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
/
Caribe
/
Haiti
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Stud Fam Plann
Ano de publicação:
1997
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos
País de publicação:
Estados Unidos