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Factors Affecting Anemia among Women of Reproductive Age in Mexico: A Mixed-Methods Country Case Study.
Miranda, Selene Pacheco; Owais, Aatekah; Lopez, Monica Venosa; Herrera, Edith Kim; Unar-Munguía, Mishel; Rodriguez, Fabiola Mejia; Merritt, Catherine E; Lee, Christopher; Rattan, Preety; Ataullahjan, Anushka; Dommarco, Juan Rivera; Arenas, Anabelle Bonvecchio; Neufeld, Lynnette M; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
Afiliação
  • Miranda SP; Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
  • Owais A; Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
  • Lopez MV; Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
  • Herrera EK; Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
  • Unar-Munguía M; Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
  • Rodriguez FM; Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
  • Merritt CE; Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
  • Lee C; Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
  • Rattan P; Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
  • Ataullahjan A; Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
  • Dommarco JR; Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México.
  • Arenas AB; Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México. Electronic address: bonvecchio@insp.mx.
  • Neufeld LM; Food and Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy.
  • Bhutta ZA; Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. Electronic address: zulfiqar.bhutta@sickkids.ca.
Am J Clin Nutr ; 2024 Jun 22.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38914225
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

In Mexico, anemia prevalence among women of reproductive age (WRA) decreased from 16.4% in 2006 to 11.6% in 2012, only to increase to 18.3% in 2016. The factors associated with this fluctuation are uncertain.

OBJECTIVE:

We conducted a systematic in-depth assessment of the quantitative and qualitative determinants of anemia among WRA in Mexico between 2006 and 2018.

METHODS:

Using multivariate stepwise linear regression, we analyzed Mexico's Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición (ENSANUT) surveys from 2006, 2012, and 2018 to identify determinants of WRA anemia. We also conducted a review of anemia-relevant programs and policies, including financing documents, and conducted in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with key stakeholders in Mexico.

RESULTS:

Among non-pregnant women (NPW) 15-49 years, mean hemoglobin (Hb) increased from 13.8 g/dL in 2006 to 14.0 g/dL in 2012, decreasing to 13.2 g/dL in 2018 (p<0.001). Inequities by geographical region and household wealth persisted throughout this period, with household wealth, urban residence and gravidity emerging as significant predictors of Hb among NPW. Qualitative analyses generally supported these findings. The most discussed program was Progresa-Oportunidades-Prospera (POP), where most resources for health were invested and most participants acknowledged that its cancellation in 2019 would lead to worsening in health and nutrition among the poor. Financing analyses showed a drop of funding for nutrition-related programs between 2014 and 2018. Cultural norms around gender roles were still prevalent, along with increasing rates of teenage pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONS:

Anemia prevention efforts need to refocus on poverty alleviation, continuity of adequate coverage and financing of nutrition programs, especially with safety nets, and increase in uptake of family planning, especially among adolescent girls.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE País/Região como assunto: Mexico Idioma: En Revista: Am J Clin Nutr Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article País de publicação: Estados Unidos
Texto completo
Adicionar na Minha BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar no Google

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE País/Região como assunto: Mexico Idioma: En Revista: Am J Clin Nutr Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article País de publicação: Estados Unidos