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Evening but not morning aerobic training improves sympathetic activity and baroreflex sensitivity in elderly patients with treated hypertension.
Brito, Leandro C; Azevêdo, Luan M; Amaro-Vicente, Graziela; Costa, Luis R; da Silva Junior, Natan D; Halliwill, John R; Rondon, Maria U P B; Forjaz, Cláudia L M.
Afiliação
  • Brito LC; Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Azevêdo LM; Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
  • Amaro-Vicente G; Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Costa LR; Laboratory of Autonomic Control of Circulation, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • da Silva Junior ND; Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Halliwill JR; Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Rondon MUPB; Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
  • Forjaz CLM; Laboratory of Autonomic Control of Circulation, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Physiol ; 602(6): 1049-1063, 2024 Mar.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38377223
ABSTRACT
The blood pressure-lowering effect of aerobic training is preceded by improving cardiovascular autonomic control. We previously demonstrated that aerobic training conducted in the evening (ET) induces a greater decrease in blood pressure than morning training (MT). To study whether the greater blood pressure decrease after ET occurs through better cardiovascular autonomic regulation, this study aimed to compare MT versus ET on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in treated patients with hypertension. Elderly patients treated for hypertension were randomly allocated into MT (n = 12, 07.00-10.00 h) or ET (n = 11, 17.00-20.00 h) groups. Both groups trained for 10 weeks, 3 times/week, cycling for 45 min at moderate intensity. Beat-to-beat blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography), heart rate (electrocardiography) and MSNA (microneurography) were assessed at the initial and final phases of the study at baseline and during sequential bolus infusions of sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine (modified-Oxford technique) to evaluate cardiac and sympathetic BRS. Mean blood pressure decreased significantly after ET but not after MT (-9 ± 11 vs. -1 ± 8 mmHg, P = 0.042). MSNA decreased significantly only after ET with no change after MT (-12 ± 5 vs. -3 ± 7 bursts/100 heart beats, P = 0.013). Sympathetic BRS improved after ET but not after MT (-0.8 ± 0.7 vs. 0.0 ± 0.8 bursts/100 heart beats/mmHg, P = 0.052). Cardiac BRS improved similarly in both groups (ET +1.7 ± 1.8 vs. MT +1.4 ± 1.9 ms/mmHg, Pphase  ≤ 0.001). In elderly patients treated for hypertension, only ET decreased mean blood pressure and MSNA and improved sympathetic BRS. These findings revealed that the sympathetic nervous system has a key role in ET's superiority to MT in blood pressure-lowering effect. KEY POINTS Reducing muscle nerve sympathetic activity and increasing sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity plays a key role in promoting the greater blood pressure reduction observed with evening training. These findings indicated that simply changing the timing of exercise training may offer additional benefits beyond antihypertensive medications, such as protection against sympathetic overdrive and loss of baroreflex sensitivity, independent markers of mortality. Our new findings also suggest new avenues of investigation, such as the possibility that evening aerobic training may be beneficial in other clinical conditions with sympathetic overdrive, such as congestive heart failure and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Sistema Cardiovascular / Hipertensão Limite: Aged / Humans Idioma: En Revista: J Physiol Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Brasil País de publicação: Reino Unido
Texto completo
Adicionar na Minha BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar no Google

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Sistema Cardiovascular / Hipertensão Limite: Aged / Humans Idioma: En Revista: J Physiol Ano de publicação: 2024 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Brasil País de publicação: Reino Unido