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Reduced commuter exposure to PM2.5 and PAHs in response to improved emission standards in bus rapid transit systems in Mexico.
Hernández Paniagua, Iván Y; Amador Muñoz, Omar; Rosas Pérez, Irma; Arrieta García, Oscar; González Buendía, Raymundo I; Andraca Ayala, Gema L; Jazcilevich, Arón.
Afiliação
  • Hernández Paniagua IY; Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, C. U., Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • Amador Muñoz O; Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, C. U., Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • Rosas Pérez I; Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, C. U., Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • Arrieta García O; Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, C. U., Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • González Buendía RI; Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, C. U., Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • Andraca Ayala GL; Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, C. U., Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
  • Jazcilevich A; Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica s/n, C. U., Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico. Electronic address: jazcilev@unam.mx.
Environ Pollut ; 335: 122236, 2023 Oct 15.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37481026
We evaluated impacts of progressive technological updates to bus rapid transit (BRT) systems on in-cabin concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5), and the various polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to which commuters were exposed. PM2.5 samples were collected and real-time concentrations measured from October 2017 to March 2020 inside cabins of BRT buses equipped with Euro IV, V and VI diesel emission standards in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA). For effective comparison, similar samplings and measurements were carried out on trains in the MCMA underground (MCU) system. Peak in-cabin PM2.5 concentrations decreased significantly (p < 0.05) by 35% from Euro IV to Euro V buses, and by 80% from Euro IV to Euro VI buses. PM2.5 concentrations inside Euro VI buses were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than in Euro IV and Euro V buses and in underground trains. The in-cabin excess (ICE) of PM2.5 relative to ambient concentrations was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for Euro IV than for Euro V buses during morning the traffic peak, and consistently higher than for Euro VI buses. Indeed, ICEs calculated for Euro VI buses were always lower than those for electricity-powered underground trains. The frequency of hotspots decreased from Euro IV to Euro VI buses due to the combined effect of low emissions and closed, air-conditioned cabins. Concentrations of total PAHs including carcinogenic species also decreased from Euro IV to Euro V buses and were below limits of detection aboard Euro VI buses. This work shows that in real-life conditions, advanced diesel technologies and cabin design significantly reduce commuters' exposure to PM2.5 and to toxic PAH compounds.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Poluentes Atmosféricos País/Região como assunto: Mexico Idioma: En Revista: Environ Pollut Assunto da revista: SAUDE AMBIENTAL Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: México País de publicação: Reino Unido
Texto completo
Adicionar na Minha BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar no Google

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Poluentes Atmosféricos País/Região como assunto: Mexico Idioma: En Revista: Environ Pollut Assunto da revista: SAUDE AMBIENTAL Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: México País de publicação: Reino Unido