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The acute effects of fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture: a threat to the freshwater Calanoida copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi.
de Palma Lopes, Laís Fernanda; Rocha, Giseli Swerts; de Medeiros, Jéssyca Ferreira; Montagner, Cassiana Carolina; Espíndola, Evaldo Luiz Gaeta.
Afiliação
  • de Palma Lopes LF; NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil. laisfpl@gmail.com.
  • Rocha GS; NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil.
  • de Medeiros JF; LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.
  • Montagner CC; LQA, Analytical Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.
  • Espíndola ELG; NEEA/CRHEA/SHS, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 30(33): 80335-80348, 2023 Jul.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37294488
The magnitude of copepods' responses to pesticides, individually and in mixture, is little understood. The aims of this study were to evaluate: (i) the effects of the pesticides fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture, on the freshwater copepod Notodiaptomus iheringi; and (ii) the survival and the feeding rate of copepods after the exposure. Acute toxicity tests using the commercial formulations of fipronil and 2,4-D, individually and in mixture, were performed. The LC10-48h, LC20-48h, and LC50-48h of fipronil to N. iheringi were 2.38 ± 0.48, 3.08 ± 1.14, and 4.97 ± 3.30 µg L-1, respectively. For 2,4-D the LC10-48h, LC20-48h, and LC50-48h were 371.18 ± 29.20, 406.93 ± 53.77, and 478.24 ± 107.77 mg L-1, respectively. Morphological damages on the copepods exposed to pesticides were observed at all concentrations. Fungal filaments covering dead organisms were presented at the treatment highest concentration (R5:7.43 ± 2.78 µg L-1 fipronil). The mixture of the pesticides presented synergistic effects on the mortality of N. iheringi. Post-exposure tests showed no difference between the treatments and the control on the mortality and on the feeding rate for 4 h. However, since delayed toxicity of pesticides can occur, longer post-exposure tests using N. iheringi should be tested. N. iheringi is a key species in the aquatic Brazilian ecosystem and showed sensitivity to fipronil and 2,4-D; thus, more studies with this species assessing other responses are recommended.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Praguicidas / Poluentes Químicos da Água / Copépodes Limite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Assunto da revista: SAUDE AMBIENTAL / TOXICOLOGIA Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Brasil País de publicação: Alemanha
Texto completo
Adicionar na Minha BVS
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar no Google

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Praguicidas / Poluentes Químicos da Água / Copépodes Limite: Animals Idioma: En Revista: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Assunto da revista: SAUDE AMBIENTAL / TOXICOLOGIA Ano de publicação: 2023 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Brasil País de publicação: Alemanha