Maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with increased mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Mexico: Results of a case-control study.
Int J STD AIDS
; 33(13): 1111-1118, 2022 11.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36170571
BACKGROUND: Maternal, obstetric and neonatal factors that increase the possibility of mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) are known as mechanisms of transmission. Our aim was to determine the risk factors associated with MTCT in Mexico. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study from March to December 2015. Cases were 60 mothers with HIV infection who transmitted HIV to their children, and controls were 120 mothers with HIV infection whose children tested negative for HIV. Data were extracted from medical records and a self-reported questionnaire for each participant. To determine associations with MTCT, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained with the chi-squared test and a logistic-regression modeling. RESULTS: A total of 180 patients were included. HIV diagnosis for cases occurred after pregnancy in 88% of the patients, during pregnancy in 9%, and before pregnancy in 3% of patients. Among the controls, 38% of patients were diagnosed before pregnancy, 32% during pregnancy, and 30% after pregnancy. In multivariate analysis, the risk factors associated with MTCT were: absence of antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy (OR 5.21; 95% CI 1.24-16.11; p = 0.019); vaginal delivery (OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.27-8.26; p = 0.014); forceps-assisted delivery (OR 13.4; 95% CI 1.91-93.66; p = 0.009); breastfeeding (OR 6.23; 95% CI 2.27-17.05; p = <0.001) and the practice of mixed breastfeeding (OR 4.6; 95% CI 1.56-13.73; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: MTCT is preventable with early diagnosis; treatment initiation before pregnancy and avoidance breastfeeding could decrease the risk of transmitting HIV to their children.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez
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Infecções por HIV
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HIV-1
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Soropositividade para HIV
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
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Etiology_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
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Screening_studies
Limite:
Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Newborn
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Pregnancy
País/Região como assunto:
Mexico
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J STD AIDS
Assunto da revista:
SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS)
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
México
País de publicação:
Reino Unido