Adaptation of the Pediatric Smell WheelTM to evaluate olfactory function in Brazilian children.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol
; 88 Suppl 5: S47-S51, 2022.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34756795
OBJECTIVE: Olfaction influences nutrition, safety, and the cognitive development of children. Presently there are few olfactory tests for children, and normative reference values are generally lacking. In this study, we validate the Pediatric Smell WheelTM (PSW) to evaluate olfactory function in Brazilian children. METHODS: We modified and validated the PSW, a test developed in the United States, for administration in Brazil, and established normative data for Brazilian children. The validation process consisted of five phases. First, we identified odorants familiar to Brazilian children. Second, we established the test-retest reliability of the Brazilian PSW test that employed these odorants. Third, we compared the test scores of healthy children to those microsmic from adenoid hypertrophy. Fourth, we examined the test's ability to detect improvement in olfactory function before and after adenoidectomy. Finally, we determined a normative 10th percentile cut point for defining microsmia in a sample of 169 healthy Brazilian children between 5 and 12 years of age. RESULTS: Eleven odors were identified for inclusion in the test. The test-retest reliability was modest (râ¯=â¯0.54, pâ¯<â¯0.001), although likely attenuated based on the inclusion of only data from children with normal function. The test clearly differentiated the olfactory function of children with adenoid hypertrophy from that of healthy children and demonstrated the return of function after adenoidectomy. An overall score <7 was found useful in defining hyposmia, although additional age-related cut-points were also defined. CONCLUSION: A Brazilian version of the PSW was developed and validated and found to be efficacious in detecting smell dysfunction in children ranging in age from 5 to 12 years. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1b (Diagnosis).
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos do Olfato
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
America do sul
/
Brasil
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol
Assunto da revista:
OTORRINOLARINGOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de publicação:
Brasil