Occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and challenges for hepatitis elimination: A literature review.
J Appl Microbiol
; 132(3): 1616-1635, 2022 Mar.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34724308
Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is characterized by the detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in serum or liver but negativity for hepatitis B surface antigen. OBI, which is thought to be maintained by host, immunological, viral and/or epigenetic factors, is one of the most challenging clinical features in the study of viral hepatitis. Currently, there is no validated detection test for OBI. It is believed that OBI is widely distributed throughout the world, with a higher prevalence in populations at high-risk HBV, but the detailed worldwide prevalence patterns are unknown. We conducted a survey of recently published studies on OBI rates across all continents. High prevalence rates of OBI are observed in some specific groups, including patients with hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus co-infection or hepatocellular carcinoma. In 2016, the World Health Organization adopted strategies to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030, but the difficulties in detecting and treating OBI currently challenge this goal. Subjects with OBI can transmit HBV, and episodes of reactivation can occur. Further studies to understanding the mechanisms that drive the development of OBI are needed and can contribute to efforts at eliminating viral hepatitis.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Hepatite B Crônica
/
Hepatite B
/
Neoplasias Hepáticas
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Appl Microbiol
Assunto da revista:
MICROBIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Brasil
País de publicação:
Reino Unido