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An Outside-In Switch in Integrin Signaling Caused by Chemical and Mechanical Signals in Reactive Astrocytes.
Pérez, Leonardo A; Rashid, Aysha; Combs, J Dale; Schneider, Pascal; Rodríguez, Andrés; Salaita, Khalid; Leyton, Lisette.
Afiliação
  • Pérez LA; Cellular Communication Laboratory, Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
  • Rashid A; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
  • Combs JD; Chemistry Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
  • Schneider P; Chemistry Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
  • Rodríguez A; Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland.
  • Salaita K; Group of Research and Innovation in Vascular Health, Machine Learning Applied to Biomedicine Group, Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile.
  • Leyton L; Chemistry Department, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Front Cell Dev Biol ; 9: 712627, 2021.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34497806
Astrocyte reactivity is associated with poor repair capacity after injury to the brain, where chemical and physical changes occur in the damaged zone. Astrocyte surface proteins, such as integrins, are upregulated, and the release of pro-inflammatory molecules and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins upon damage generate a stiffer matrix. Integrins play an important role in triggering a reactive phenotype in astrocytes, and we have reported that α V ß3 Integrin binds to the Thy-1 (CD90) neuronal glycoprotein, increasing astrocyte contractility and motility. Alternatively, α V ß3 Integrin senses mechanical forces generated by the increased ECM stiffness. Until now, the association between the α V ß3 Integrin mechanoreceptor response in astrocytes and changes in their reactive phenotype is unclear. To study the response to combined chemical and mechanical stress, astrocytes were stimulated with Thy-1-Protein A-coated magnetic beads and exposed to a magnetic field to generate mechanical tension. We evaluated the effect of such stimulation on cell adhesion and contraction. We also assessed traction forces and their effect on cell morphology, and integrin surface expression. Mechanical stress accelerated the response of astrocytes to Thy-1 engagement of integrin receptors, resulting in cell adhesion and contraction. Astrocyte contraction then exerted traction forces onto the ECM, inducing faster cell contractility and higher traction forces than Thy-1 alone. Therefore, cell-extrinsic chemical and mechanical signals regulate in an outside-in manner, astrocyte reactivity by inducing integrin upregulation, ligation, and signaling events that promote cell contraction. These changes in turn generate cell-intrinsic signals that increase traction forces exerted onto the ECM (inside-out). This study reveals α V ß3 Integrin mechanoreceptor as a novel target to regulate the harmful effects of reactive astrocytes in neuronal healing.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Front Cell Dev Biol Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Chile País de publicação: Suíça

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Idioma: En Revista: Front Cell Dev Biol Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Chile País de publicação: Suíça