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Test positivity - Evaluation of a new metric to assess epidemic dispersal mediated by non-symptomatic cases.
Fasina, Folorunso O; Salami, Mudasiru A; Fasina, Modupe M; Otekunrin, Olutosin A; Hoogesteijn, Almira L; Hittner, James B.
Afiliação
  • Fasina FO; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Dar es Salam, Tanzania & Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, South Africa. Electronic address: daydupe2003@yahoo.co.uk.
  • Salami MA; College of Medicine, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
  • Fasina MM; Potchefstroom Hospital, North West, South Africa.
  • Otekunrin OA; Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria.
  • Hoogesteijn AL; Human Ecology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mérida, Mexico.
  • Hittner JB; Department of Psychology, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA.
Methods ; 195: 15-22, 2021 11.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34048912
Epidemic control may be hampered when the percentage of asymptomatic cases is high. Seeking remedies for this problem, test positivity was explored between the first 60 to 90 epidemic days in six countries that reported their first COVID-19 case between February and March 2020: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Cuba, Mexico, and Uruguay. Test positivity (TP) is the percentage of test-positive individuals reported on a given day out of all individuals tested the same day. To generate both country-specific and multi-country information, this study was implemented in two stages. First, the epidemiologic data of the country infected last (Uruguay) were analyzed. If at least one TP-related analysis yielded a statistically significant relationship, later assessments would investigate the six countries. The Uruguayan data indicated (i) a positive correlation between daily TP and daily new cases (r = 0.75); (ii) a negative correlation between TP and the number of tests conducted per million inhabitants (TPMI, r = -0.66); and (iii) three temporal stages, which differed from one another in both TP and TPMI medians (p < 0.01) and, together, revealed a negative relationship between TPMI and TP. No significant relationship was found between TP and the number of active or recovered patients. The six countries showed a positive correlation between TP and the number of deaths/million inhabitants (DMI, r = 0.65, p < 0.01). With one exception -a country where isolation was not pursued-, all countries showed a negative correlation between TP and TPMI (r = 0.74). The temporal analysis of country-specific policies revealed four patterns, characterized by: (1) low TPMI and high DMI, (2) high TPMI and low DMI; (3) an intermediate pattern, and (4) high TPMI and high DMI. Findings support the hypothesis that test positivity may guide epidemiologic policy-making, provided that policy-related factors are considered and high-resolution geographical data are utilized.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Infecções Assintomáticas / Teste para COVID-19 / COVID-19 Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Evaluation_studies / Prognostic_studies Limite: Humans País/Região como assunto: America do sul / Argentina / Bolivia / Caribe / Chile / Cuba / Mexico / Uruguay Idioma: En Revista: Methods Assunto da revista: BIOQUIMICA Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de publicação: Estados Unidos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Infecções Assintomáticas / Teste para COVID-19 / COVID-19 Tipo de estudo: Diagnostic_studies / Evaluation_studies / Prognostic_studies Limite: Humans País/Região como assunto: America do sul / Argentina / Bolivia / Caribe / Chile / Cuba / Mexico / Uruguay Idioma: En Revista: Methods Assunto da revista: BIOQUIMICA Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de publicação: Estados Unidos