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Early Holocene crop cultivation and landscape modification in Amazonia.
Lombardo, Umberto; Iriarte, José; Hilbert, Lautaro; Ruiz-Pérez, Javier; Capriles, José M; Veit, Heinz.
Afiliação
  • Lombardo U; Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. umberto.lombardo@giub.unibe.ch.
  • Iriarte J; Department of Archaeology, College of Humanities, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
  • Hilbert L; Laboratório de Arqueologia dos Trópicos, Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Ruiz-Pérez J; CaSEs - Culture and Socio-Ecological Dynamics Research Group, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.
  • Capriles JM; Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
  • Veit H; Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas y Arqueológicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia.
Nature ; 581(7807): 190-193, 2020 05.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32404996
The onset of plant cultivation is one of the most important cultural transitions in human history1-4. Southwestern Amazonia has previously been proposed as an early centre of plant domestication, on the basis of molecular markers that show genetic similarities between domesticated plants and wild relatives4-6. However, the nature of the early human occupation of southwestern Amazonia, and the history of plant cultivation in this region, are poorly understood. Here we document the cultivation of squash (Cucurbita sp.) at about 10,250 calibrated years before present (cal. yr BP), manioc (Manihot sp.) at about 10,350 cal. yr BP and maize (Zea mays) at about 6,850 cal. yr BP, in the Llanos de Moxos (Bolivia). We show that, starting at around 10,850 cal. yr BP, inhabitants of this region began to create a landscape that ultimately comprised approximately 4,700 artificial forest islands within a treeless, seasonally flooded savannah. Our results confirm that the Llanos de Moxos is a hotspot for early plant cultivation and demonstrate that-ever since their arrival in Amazonia-humans have markedly altered the landscape, with lasting repercussions for habitat heterogeneity and species conservation.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Florestas / Produtos Agrícolas / Pradaria / Produção Agrícola / Atividades Humanas País/Região como assunto: America do sul / Bolivia Idioma: En Revista: Nature Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Suíça País de publicação: Reino Unido
Texto completo
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Florestas / Produtos Agrícolas / Pradaria / Produção Agrícola / Atividades Humanas País/Região como assunto: America do sul / Bolivia Idioma: En Revista: Nature Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Suíça País de publicação: Reino Unido