Nutrition status in adult Chilean population: economic, ethnic and sex inequalities in a post-transitional country.

Mujica-Coopman, María F; Navarro-Rosenblatt, Deborah; López-Arana, Sandra; Corvalán, Camila

Mujica-Coopman, María F; Navarro-Rosenblatt, Deborah; López-Arana, Sandra; Corvalán, Camila.

Afiliação

Mujica-Coopman MF; Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4 BC, Canada.
Navarro-Rosenblatt D; School of Public Health, University of Chile, Avenida Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
López-Arana S; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Avenida Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
Corvalán C; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago, Chile.

Public Health Nutr ; 23(S1): s39-s50, 2020 08.

Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32131930

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between malnutrition, socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnicity in Chilean adult population. DESIGN: Nationally representative survey (ENS) conducted in 2016-2017. Sociodemographic information, weight, height and hemoglobin (Hb) were measured (2003 ENS). Excess weight was defined as BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Undernutrition included underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2), short stature (height <1·49 m in women and <1·62 m in men) or anaemia (Hb <12 g/l). Education and household income level were used as indicators of SES; ethnicity was self-reported. We applied linear combinations of estimators to compare the prevalence of excess weight and undernutrition by SES and ethnicity. SETTING: Chile. PARTICIPANTS: In total, 5082 adults ≥20 years (64 % women) and 1739 women ≥20 years for anaemia analyses. RESULTS: Overall, >75 % of women and men had excess weight. Low SES women either by income or education had higher excess weight ((82·0 (77·1, 86·1) v. 65·0 (54·8, 74·1)) by income; (85·3 (80·6, 89·0) v. 68·2 (61·6, 74·1) %) by education) and short stature (20-49 years; 31(17·9, 48·2) v. 5·2 (2·2,11·4) by education); obesity was also more frequent among indigenous women (20-49 years; 55·8 (44·4, 66·6) v. 37·2 (32·7, 42·0) %) than non-indigenous women. In men, excess weight did not significantly differ by SES or ethnicity, but short stature concentrated in low SES (20-49 years; 47·6 (24·6, 71·6) v. 4·5 (2·1, 9·5) by education) and indigenous men (21·5 (11·9, 5·5, 11·9) v. 8·2 (5·5, 11·9)) (P < 0·05 for all). CONCLUSIONS: In Chile, malnutrition is disproportionately concentrated among women of low SES and indigenous origin; these inequalities should be considered when implementing prevention policies.

Assuntos

Etnicidade/estatística & dados numéricos; Desnutrição/epidemiologia; Estado Nutricional; Classe Social; Adulto; Anemia/epidemiologia; Chile/epidemiologia; Escolaridade; Feminino; Disparidades nos Níveis de Saúde; Inquéritos Epidemiológicos; Humanos; Renda; Masculino; Desnutrição/etnologia; Pessoa de Meia-Idade; Obesidade/epidemiologia; Sobrepeso/epidemiologia; Prevalência; Fatores Sexuais; Fatores Socioeconômicos; Magreza/epidemiologia; Adulto Jovem

Palavras-chave

Chile; Ethnicity; Inequalities; Malnutrition; Obesity; Sex

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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Classe Social / Etnicidade / Estado Nutricional / Desnutrição Tipo de estudo: Health_economic_evaluation / Prevalence_studies / Risk_factors_studies Aspecto: Determinantes_sociais_saude / Equity_inequality / Patient_preference Limite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Região como assunto: America do sul / Chile Idioma: En Revista: Public Health Nutr Assunto da revista: CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO / SAUDE PUBLICA Ano de publicação: 2020 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Canadá País de publicação: Reino Unido

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