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Shark ecology, the role of the apex predator and current conservation status.
Galván-Magaña, Felipe; Castillo-Geniz, José Leonardo; Hoyos-Padilla, Mauricio; Ketchum, James; Klimley, A Peter; Ramírez-Amaro, Sergio; Torres-Rojas, Yassir Eden; Tovar-Ávila, Javier.
Afiliação
  • Galván-Magaña F; Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Mexico. Electronic address: galvan.felipe@gmail.com.
  • Castillo-Geniz JL; Instituto Nacional de Pesca y Acuacultura, National Fisheries and Aquaculture Institute, Centro Regional de Investigación Pesquera Ensenada, La Paz, Mexico.
  • Hoyos-Padilla M; Pelagios-Kakunjá, La Paz, Mexico.
  • Ketchum J; Pelagios-Kakunjá, La Paz, Mexico.
  • Klimley AP; Biotelemetry Consultants and Contractors, Petaluma, CA, United States.
  • Ramírez-Amaro S; Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears, Palma, Spain; Laboratori de Genètica, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.
  • Torres-Rojas YE; Instituto de Ecología, Pesquerías y Oceanografía del Golfo de México, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche (EPOMEX-UAC), Campeche, Mexico.
  • Tovar-Ávila J; Instituto Nacional de Pesca (INAPESCA), Centro Regional de Investigacion Pesquera (CRIP), La Cruz de Huanacaxtle, Nayarit, Mexico.
Adv Mar Biol ; 83: 61-114, 2019.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31606070
Feeding studies, since traditional stomach content analysis to stable isotopes analyses, provides insights into the trophic relationship among the apex predators and the ecosystems they inhabit. The Pacific Coast of Mexico (PCM) is inhabited by 62 known species (or 12%) of living sharks, which belong to 21 families and 34 genera. We divide the Pacific Coast of Mexico (PCM) into four regions for consideration: (1) the western coast of Baja California (WcBJ), (2) the Gulf of California (GC), (3) the Central Pacific Mexican (CPM), and (4) the Gulf of Tehuantepec (GT). Biodiversity is highest in the GC, with 48 shark species, followed by the WcBJ with 44 species, then the CPM with 28 species and the GT with 26 species. Few large species (>2m in total length) function as top predators in any region, with a greater number of smaller shark species (<1.5m total length). Information about the trophic ecology of different shark species is included to know the ecological role and position of each shark species within a food web to understand the dynamics of marine communities and the impact that each species has on trophic net, which is critical to effective resource conservation and responsible exploitation. The different shark species predate mainly on coastal or oceanic waters. The coastal sharks feed mainly on crustaceans and small fishes; whereas the oceanic species predate mainly on squids and fishes from mesopelagic to epipelagic habits. Also is included a summary of the IUCN Red List category assigned to all shark species from the Mexican Pacific. Thirty-one percent (19 species) of sharks in the Mexican Pacific are considered as threatened (Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable). Of these, 4.9% (3 species) are Endangered and 26.2% (15 species) are Vulnerable. In addition, since 2012 the fishing of shark and rays has been closed between 1 May and 31 July in the Mexican Pacific as a conservative management measure.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Tubarões / Ecossistema / Conservação dos Recursos Naturais / Cadeia Alimentar Limite: Animals País/Região como assunto: Mexico Idioma: En Revista: Adv Mar Biol Ano de publicação: 2019 Tipo de documento: Article País de publicação: Estados Unidos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Tubarões / Ecossistema / Conservação dos Recursos Naturais / Cadeia Alimentar Limite: Animals País/Região como assunto: Mexico Idioma: En Revista: Adv Mar Biol Ano de publicação: 2019 Tipo de documento: Article País de publicação: Estados Unidos